After Dark: Myths, Misdeeds & the Paranormal
Episode: Wales' Darkest Folklore
Release Date: April 17, 2025
Hosts: Anthony Delaney & Maddy Pelling
Guest: Russ Williams
Introduction
In this captivating episode of After Dark: Myths, Misdeeds & the Paranormal, hosts Anthony Delaney and Maddy Pelling delve deep into the rich and shadowed tapestry of Welsh folklore. Joined by expert Russ Williams, the discussion navigates through legendary tales, cultural traditions, and the enduring impact of ancient myths on modern Welsh identity.
Origins of the Welsh Red Dragon
The episode opens with a recounting of the Welsh Red Dragon legend, a cornerstone of Wales' national identity. Maddy Pelling sets the stage by narrating the tale of King Vortigern's failed attempts to build a fortress atop Dina Semris, only to discover two sleeping dragons beneath—a red dragon representing the native Britons and a white dragon symbolizing the invading Saxons.
Russ Williams clarifies the nuances of this legend, stating, “There's nothing in the story whatsoever that says we have the Red Dragon as our flag” ([07:23]). He explains that the association of the Red Dragon with the Welsh flag evolved over time, influenced by simplified versions of the tale taught to children and interpretations by historians like Gerald of Wales.
The Mabinogion and Its Impact
Delving into the Mabinogion, an essential collection of medieval Welsh tales, Williams emphasizes its role in preserving Welsh myths. He notes, “They are the Welsh version of the Greek myths… They very much still dominate the Welsh folklore scene” ([08:49]). The hosts discuss how these stories, although written down in the 1350s, have origins in much older oral traditions and have been continuously adapted to reflect societal changes.
Anthony Delaney poses an insightful question about the evolution of these tales, to which Russ responds, “Folktales are constantly evolving… they fit with the same fears we have today” ([09:58]). This dynamic nature ensures that the Mabinogion remains relevant, reinforcing national identity across generations.
The Mari Lwyd Tradition
A significant portion of the conversation focuses on the Mari Lwyd, a unique Welsh wassailing tradition. Russ describes it as follows: “They've got a horse's skull draped in ribbons and a cloak… they challenge the people on the inside to a punka, which is essentially a Welsh battle of rhymes” ([20:38]). Historically a means for poorer communities to celebrate Christmas, the tradition involves groups visiting homes, engaging in poetic battles, and receiving food and drink in return.
Maddy Pelling draws parallels between the Mari Lwyd and similar traditions like Ireland's Wren Boys, highlighting the cross-cultural similarities in festive folklore. Russ adds, “The tradition has evolved… now they go around the pubs and collect money for charity” ([24:41]), indicating a modern adaptation that preserves the essence while mitigating past issues like rowdiness and violence.
Rhiannon: A Complex Folkloric Figure
Exploring individual characters within Welsh myths, the episode delves into the story of Rhiannon. Russ articulates her duality: “Rhiannon is portrayed as all powerful and a goddess, but in the story, it is very tragic” ([34:00]). Her tale involves love, loss, and redemption, embodying both strength and vulnerability.
Maddy Pelling reflects on Rhiannon's representation, noting, “There's a kind of ambiguity… as a powerful figure, but she's treated in these tragic ways” ([39:29]). This duality suggests a nuanced portrayal of women in Welsh folklore, balancing empowerment with the constraints imposed by societal norms of the past.
Folk Revivals and Modern Interpretations
The conversation shifts to the contemporary resurgence of interest in Welsh folklore. Russ highlights, “There's a folk revolution going on… social media has helped” ([20:38]). Innovative platforms like video games are being developed to bring the Mabinogion to new audiences, ensuring these ancient stories continue to evolve and inspire.
Anthony Delaney appreciates the integration of modern media, remarking, “These narratives are evolving… it's how they keep coming back within generations” ([30:30]). This adaptability underscores the timeless appeal of Welsh myths and their capacity to resonate in various cultural contexts.
The Role of Storytelling in Welsh Culture
Russ emphasizes the critical role of storytelling in preserving Welsh history and identity. “They tell the history, not accurately, but that's what they're there for” ([31:09]). Storytellers served as custodians of culture, weaving historical events into engaging narratives that reinforced communal bonds and national pride.
Maddy Pelling echoes this sentiment, stating, “The importance of oral history and speaking these stories out loud… it's a fantastic place to start” ([43:14]). The episode underscores storytelling as a living tradition, vital for maintaining the continuity and evolution of Welsh cultural heritage.
Preservation and Future of Welsh Folklore
In discussing the preservation of folklore, Russ warns of the fragility of historical sites: “Once they learned, a lot of these sites are under threat… erosion” ([17:34]). He advocates for active engagement with these traditions to ensure their survival, whether through attending theatrical renditions, participating in storytelling events, or supporting digital adaptations like video games.
The hosts and Russ agree that embracing both traditional and modern mediums is essential for the continued relevance and dissemination of Welsh folklore.
Conclusion
The episode concludes with a reflection on the enduring power of folklore to shape and reflect national identity. Anthony Delaney remarks on the seamless blending of ancient tales with modern interpretations, highlighting the dynamic nature of cultural narratives. Maddy Pelling and Russ Williams leave listeners with a profound appreciation for the depth and complexity of Welsh folklore, encouraging active participation in its preservation and celebration.
Notable Quotes
- Russ Williams ([07:23]): “There's nothing in the story whatsoever that says we have the Red Dragon as our flag.”
- Russ Williams ([20:38]): “They've got a horse's skull draped in ribbons and a cloak… they challenge the people on the inside to a punka, which is essentially a Welsh battle of rhymes.”
- Maddy Pelling ([39:29]): “There's a kind of ambiguity… as a powerful figure, but she's treated in these tragic ways.”
- Russ Williams ([31:09]): “They tell the history, not accurately, but that's what they're there for.”
Engage Further
To explore more about Welsh folklore and Russ Williams' work, listeners are encouraged to subscribe to History Hit for exclusive access to original documentaries and ad-free podcast episodes. Dive deeper into the mystical and shadowed corners of history with After Dark: Myths, Misdeeds & the Paranormal.