In this episode of The Agile Software Engineering Deep Dive, Alessandro Guida begins a two-part journey into compiler theory with a look at Backus-Naur Form, or BNF.
For many software engineers who studied computer science in earlier decades, BNF belonged to the world of compilers, formal languages, syntax, parsing, YACC, and the famous Dragon Book. Today, many developers may never encounter it directly.
But the need for it has not disappeared.
Whenever we add formulas, macros, templates, filters, workflow conditions, configuration syntax, rule engines, or domain-specific languages to an application, we are doing language design. Often informally. Often accidentally.
And that is where complexity starts to grow.
This episode explains why syntax is not just documentation, why a small language is still a language, and why grammar matters when applications become programmable.
It is not a call for every developer to become a compiler engineer. It is a reminder that some old computer science disciplines remain deeply relevant, especially when we give users the ability to express logic inside our systems.
Part 1 focuses on BNF, syntax, and grammar.
Part 2 will continue with compiler thinking more broadly: lex, YACC, compilers, interpreters, the Dragon Book, and why the discipline still matters in the age of modern development tools and AI-generated code.

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