Lindsey Graham (9:03)

Everyone has that friend who seems kind of perfect for Patty. That friend was Tessire. Until one day I texted her and.

Oliver Cromwell (9:12)

She was not getting the text. So I went to Instagram. She has no Instagram anymore.

Chico Felitti (9:17)

And Facebook.

Oliver Cromwell (9:18)

No Facebook anymore.

Lindsey Graham (9:19)

Desiree was gone and there was one person who knew the answer. I am a spiritual person, a magical person, a witch, a gorgeous Brazilian influencer called Kat Torres, but who was hyped hiding a secret from Wondery. Based on my smash hit podcast from Brazil comes a new series, Don't Cross Cat, about a search that led me to a mystery in a Texas suburb. I'm calling to check on the two missing Brazilian girls. Maybe get some undercover crew there.

Oliver Cromwell (9:51)

The family are freaking out. They are lost.

Lindsey Graham (9:53)

I'm Chico Felitti. You can listen to Don't Cross Cat on the Wondery app or wherever you get your podcast guests.

Oliver Cromwell (10:13)

It's the morning of September 4, 1651 in Worcester in the west of England, more than two years after the country became a republic. Fog hangs over the city as 52 year old Oliver Cromwell walks through its deserted streets. He passes smashed and looted stores, burned out houses and alleyways clogged with corpses. The city was stormed by parliamentary troops last night and the violence has taken a heavy toll. But Cromwell is unmoved. He believes it is all God's will. After the execution of Charles I, England became a republic. But Charles had not just been King of England, he had also claimed the crowns of Scotland and Ireland. So royalists in those countries quickly declared that their true leader was Charles son, Charles ii. These royalists hoped to raise armies in Scotland and Ireland and invade England to put the young prince on the throne. To see off this threat to the English republic, Cromwell first led an army into Ireland. And during a brutal campaign there, he won a string of major victories over royalist forces. Then he returned across the Irish Sea to lead an army into Scotland. But after capturing the Scottish capital, Edinburgh, he received word that Charles II himself had landed with an army further south and was marching through England in the hope of seizing the crown. Leaving Scotland, Cromwell headed south in pursuit and caught up with royalists here at the city of Worcester. Charles II had hoped the people of England would rise up to support him, but they didn't. And when the final battle began, Cromwell's forces heavily outnumbered the Royalists and they made that advantage count. Now 3,000 Royalist troops are dead, 10,000 more have been captured, and Charles II is fleeing into exile. The victory is so overwhelming that when Cromwell returns to London, he hopes the long years of civil war that have scarred the country are finally at an end. But while one conflict seems to be ending, another is growing. This time, the battle is between the army and the rump Parliament. Many in the army think Parliament is ineffective and corrupt. Many in Parliament fear that the army has become too powerful, and both sides suspect the other is just waiting for the right opportunity to move against them. The defeat of the Royalists at the Battle of Worcester only deepens the mutual mistrust. Charles II is now in exile, and Parliamentarians fear that without an external enemy to fight, the army will turn on them instead. But for their part, the army fears that Parliament will use the victory as an excuse to cut funding and slash their numbers. As head of the army and a member of Parliament, Oliver Cromwell could be the man to mediate between the two sides. But there are growing tensions between him and other prominent members of the Council of State. And as the months pass, Cromwell becomes increasingly frustrated with a wider rump Parliament as well. Its members were elected more than a decade earlier, before the execution of the king, before the civil war had even started. So while the upheaval of recent years has made holding elections impossible, Cromwell now believes fresh blood is needed if the English Republic is to pass the reforms it needs to survive. The rum Parliament, though, seems unwilling to give up power. So after months of often tense negotiations, in early 1653, Parliament finally agrees to call an election. But it won't be an entirely free one. For the sake of the future of the Republic, both the army and Parliament want to exclude Royalists and other Conservatives from standing in the election. But they can't agree on exactly who should be ineligible. Parliament believes it alone should decide. But Cromwell and the army worry that if it's left to the MPs, they'll fix the result to ensure they are re elected. So at a meeting in April 1653, Cromwell suggests a compromise. That a new ruling council be drawn from both the army and Parliament to drive through necessary reforms before calling an election. The MPs at the meeting are shocked at the idea of handing over power to unelected soldiers. Still, they placate Cromwell by assuring him that his proposal will be considered fully and that Parliament will make no moves to call an election until that has happened. The following morning, though, Cromwell gets word that the rump Parliament is moving ahead with the election without considering his proposal at all. And under the parliamentarian's plans, the they alone will vet who is eligible to stand. Cromwell and his allies in the army fear that everything they fought for over the previous decade is about to be put at risk, and this dispute will lead to a bitter standoff and one of the most extraordinary displays of military power in English history when Oliver Cromwell storms into Parliament to demand his say.

Chico Felitti (14:48)

The world can seem pretty chaotic sometimes, and if you're a parent, that's the last thing you need. Which is why I think you'll appreciate a podcast that offers clarity, perspective and hopefully, a little serenity to your world each week. On Janet Lansbury Unruffled I strive to help with your most confounding issues and offer practical, holistic advice so you can be the parent you want to be calm, connected, confident, even in the most challenging moments. My goal is to help take the chaos out of parenting, to shed light on the root causes of our kids behavior so we can respond effectively without anger, threats or even bribes. By embracing our role as respectful leaders, establishing both trust and boundaries, we can enjoy a loving relationship with our kids that encourages mutual cooperation and respect. So check out Janet Lansbury Unruffled on Wondery or wherever you listen to podcasts, we can do this in the early.

Oliver Cromwell (15:45)

Hours of December 4, 2024, CEO Brian Thompson stepped out onto the streets of midtown Manhattan. This assailant starts firing at him and the suspect he has been identified as Luigi Nicholas Mangione, became one of the most divisive figures in modern criminal history. I was meant to sow terror. He's awoken the people to a true issue. Listen to Law and Crime's Luigi Exclusively on Wondery. Join Wondery in the Wondery app, Spotify or Apple Podcasts It's April 10, 1653, in the House of Commons in London, a year and a half after the Battle of Worcester. An enraged Oliver Cromwell sits at the side of the chamber, darkly scowling, ruling. The members of Parliament around him are moments away from calling a vote on a new election. An election in which they, the sitting ministers of Parliament, will decide the rules, including who can and can't stand. But before it can be put to a vote, Cromwell rises to his feet. His voice is slow and measured at first, but the anger seething inside of him is impossible to miss. He tells his fellow MPs that they are not the ones who have fought for the right to decide how the country is running. His voice begins to rise as he marches up and down the chamber, his soldiers boots thumping on the floor. He tells the shocked politicians that the people of England will not put up with their self interest any longer. And when any MPs try to protest, he shouts them down, calling them drunkards and whoremasters. Then, with a roar of command, Cromwell summons a group of soldiers into the chamber. He instructs them to throw out every last member of Parliament, including the spirit speaker of the House. Parliament is dissolved and the army is in charge now. Following this military coup, Oliver Cromwell declares himself Lord Protector of England. Some of his supporters want to offer him the crown and make him King Oliver I. But Cromwell refuses. He is determined that England will remain a republic. Still, he rules England much as a king would. He'll believe his reign is divinely ordained, and on his his deathbed in 1658, he will entrust his power to his eldest son. But this will be the beginning of the end of the English republic. The younger Richard Cromwell will lack his father's iron will and his support among the army. After less than a year, his reign as Lord Protector will collapse. In 1659, the Rump Parliament will be recalled. But that won't fill the power vacuum in England. And soon the country will turn to the model of government it knows best. In 1660, the exiled king Charles II will be invited to return to London and reclaim his throne. England will be ruled by a monarch once again. The English republic was a radical experiment that failed. But the idea of a country without a king will spread across the world, inspiring other more successful revolutions in the years to come. So although the monarchy will persist in England, no king or queen will ever hold absolutely power in the nation again. The relationship between rulers and the ruled will forever be changed by England's brief existence as a republic, one that began on May 19, 1649. Next on History Daily, May 20, 1875. Diplomats from 17 countries meet in Paris to agree on an international system of units, the metric system from Noiser and Airship. This is History Daily hosted, edited and executive produced by me, Lindsey Graham. Audio editing by Mohammed Shazi Supervising sound designer Matthew Filler Music by Thrawn this episode is written and researched by Owen Paul Nichols, edited by William Simpson. Managing producer and Willie Burke. Executive producers are William Simpson for Airship and Pascal Hughes for Noiser. If you like American historytellers, you can binge all episodes early and ad free right now by joining Wondery in the Wondery app or on Apple podcasts. Prime members can listen ad free on Amazon Music. And before you go, tell us about yourself by filling out a short survey@wondery.com survey.