Uphill struggle ahead for Govt’s use of AI as PAC report reveals the scale of the challenge - Committees - UK Parliament

The UK Public Accounts Committee (PAC) has identified significant challenges in the government's efforts to adopt artificial intelligence (AI) within the public sector. A primary concern is the prevalence of outdated technology and poor-quality data, which hinder AI implementation. In 2024, approximately 28% of central government IT systems were classified as 'legacy' systems—outdated and unsupported—posing obstacles to AI integration.

The PAC also highlights a lack of transparency in the government's use of AI, which could erode public trust. By January 2025, only a limited number of records had been published on a government website dedicated to algorithm-assisted decision-making transparency. Addressing public concerns about the sharing of sensitive data in AI applications is deemed essential.

Furthermore, the dominance of a few large technology suppliers in the AI market raises concerns about competition and innovation. The government's procurement approach may lead to over-reliance on specific companies, limiting adaptability.

Persistent digital skills shortages present another barrier. In 2024, around half of civil service digital and data roles remained unfilled, with 70% of departments reporting difficulties in recruiting and retaining staff with AI expertise. The PAC questions whether planned digital reforms will effectively address this issue.

To drive change, the PAC recommends embedding senior digital officers within departmental leadership teams. Sir Geoffrey Clifton-Brown MP, Chair of the Committee, emphasizes the need for transparency to build public trust and ensure the safe and ethical adoption of AI in government services.

AI Use in UK Government