Lord Wolfson, Chief Executive of Next and a Conservative peer, warns Britain is facing a crisis in entry-level employment. Applicants for every shop vacancy at Next have almost doubled from 10 to 19 in just two years — a trend he describes as “indicative of just how big the crisis is in youth unemployment.” Across retail and the wider economy, he says there has been “a dramatic fall in entry-level employment opportunities” as rising National Insurance and National Living Wage costs push up the cost of hiring younger and less experienced workers. UK youth unemployment has now reached 15%.

The crisis, he argues, will deepen under the Employment Rights Bill. Restrictions on flexible part-time working mean retailers risk being locked into permanent contracts when offering extra hours at Christmas or during university holidays. The result, Lord Wolfson says, will be fewer opportunities for students and reduced service for customers — consequences, he says, the government never intended. The legislation was “cobbled together very quickly”, he argues, reflecting a broader problem in British politics: governments arriving in office with slogans rather than detailed plans. “Becoming prime minister is not an achievement. Being a great prime minister, that’s an achievement.”

Lord Wolfson also makes the case that Britain’s planning system is the single biggest drag on economic growth. He says an acre of agricultural land worth around £15,000 rises to £1.5 million once planning permission is granted — wealth he argues is being extracted from the economy rather than invested in better homes and infrastructure. His solution is to replace the planning system with principle-based building regulation, allowing development provided it does not damage neighbouring property values or overload local infrastructure.

He also argues for pay-per-mile road pricing, warns against government industrial strategy becoming “the referee becoming the player”, and says reopening the Brexit debate would distract from the structural reforms — planning, energy and transport — that could do far more to drive economic growth.

Presenter: Simon Jack Producer: Ollie Smith & Olie D'Albertanson

02:00 Entry-level jobs crisis and youth unemployment 05:30 Employment Rights Bill and seasonal work 07:00 Shareholders vs workers benefitting from profits 09:56 Brexit and closer ties with Europe 11:02 Planning reform and the cost of development land 13:15 Road pricing and transport policy 15:13 Industrial strategy and government intervention 20:44 AI and the future of jobs 25:37 Winning office vs winning government