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This is pro linebacker TJ Watt and I'm back with YPB by Abercrombie for another activewear drop. My second co design collection has new shorts and tanks that keep up with all my in season workouts. And their new restore collection is a game changer off the field too, because even pro athletes like me need rest days. Shop YPB by Abercrombie in the app, online and in stores because your personal best is greater than anything. You've probably heard of Adam and Eve, but have you heard of Adam and Lilith? Yes, Lilith. She's been called a demon, a baby killer, a seductress, a rebel, and a feminist icon. But almost everything that we know about this story comes from stories written thousands of years after Genesis. In fact, the Bible mentions Lilith one time and never in the Garden of Eden. So where does this legend come from? In order to find out, we're going back 4,000 years to ancient Mesopotamia. We're talking buried incantation bowls meant to trap demons, forgotten clay tablets, Dead Sea Scrolls, scrolls, medieval Jewish satire, and mystical texts that transform a class of spirits into a single terrifying demonic woman. By the end of this video, you will understand how Lilith evolved from ancient demonic folklore and how it became Adam's so called first wife. And why her story is so strange and so fascinating even to this day. If you're a fan of demonology and medieval Jewish folklore, well, this is the episode for you. So sit back, relax, and welcome to camp. What's up, people? And welcome back to Religion Camp. My name is Mark Gagnon and thank you for joining me in my tent where every single Sunday we explore the most interesting, fascinating, controversial stories from every religion from around the world, from all time, forever. Yes, this is the place where it all happens. And I can't do it without you. Thank you so much for tuning in every single Sunday and being a part of the camp, being one of the campers. Now, of course, this show's not possible without my dear friend Christos. How are you, pal? Doing great. All right, Chris, there's no time to jump into that because we are talking about Lilith. Yes, this is the she demon that was doing tricks on it sideways in the Garden of Eden and had to be banished out. Now, a few things before we begin. Let me just say the reason I do this show is because I want to know what everyone believes. Truly, I don't think you can understand a people without understanding the God they worship. And this is my attempt to understand who everyone believes, who everyone worships. And what are the core tenets of every faith that I can apply to my own life. Yes, that is why I'm here. And secondly, I also didn't grow up with, you know, a Jewish folklore background, so it's possible I get some things wrong in this episode. This episode specifically touches on a specific subset of lore that existed within the medieval period of rabbinical Judaism, specifically satire, which is a hilarious way to interpret the Torah in the Hebrew Bible. So I just want to give that preface. If I get anything wrong, please feel free to comment. I don't know if there's any rabbis watching or people that do specific, you know, Kabbalistic interpretation or medieval folklore, but this is my attempt to give it a fair shake and just explain where these things come from so all of us can be less stupid. So in order to understand the story, we got to go all the way back to Mesopotamia. Just imagine. All right, Put yourself in their shoes. Okay? Imagine you're, you know, just digging around in, you know, some ancient ruins in Iraq, and you're digging with your shovel, and it hits something beneath a doorway. You brush it away to see what it is. It's a clay bowl turned upside down, buried deliberately. You're like, oh, that's kind of weird. You start to brush it off. You dig it up, you flip it over. What's on the inside? The inside. The surface of the internal part of this bowl is covered with writing that spirals from the edge all the way towards the center. And in the center of this bowl is a figure bound in chains. Okay, what you've just discovered. Congratulations. An incantation bowl. Your curse forever, I think. I actually don't know the statute of limitations on ancient curses, but these are these bowls that were basically discovered in ancient Mesopotamia between, like, 500 and 700 A.D. and there are hundreds of them that have been unearthed, or even finding them to this day. Now, these weren't just ordinary dishes. These are magical weapons created to fight demons. Okay? And the text on the inside was basically a spell, a prayer carefully crafted to trap evil spirits and protect families. Now, ancient homeowners buried these bulls upside down at specific locations, under thresholds, in corners, sometimes under, like, bedroom floors. And they believed that demons entered through the doorways and through these passageways in the home when they lurked in the shadows. So some wealthy people own multiple bulls. And this kind of suggests to archaeologists and researchers that these people felt vulnerable, and they felt specifically vulnerable in these specific parts of their houses, specifically where babies or women were or giving birth. Now, the spiraling text mirrors how ancient people Imagined trapping evil forces, pulling them in, containing them, and then ultimately rendering them powerless. At the center sits a drawing of a demon wrapped in chains. And it wasn't decorative. It was literally meant to bind the demon in this reality of this prayer, of this, you know, of this type of incantation. Now, what's interesting is that many of these demonic images show female characteristics. These bulls specifically targeted a girl demon. But who is this girl demon? What. What are they afraid of? Okay, well, a lot of people might know Adam and Eve, right? This the first couple. But far fewer people have ever heard the other version from specifically medieval Jewish communities. Now, this story is basically you could. You could consider it as, like, Jewish folklore, right? And this account claims that before Eve was created from Adam's rib, the. There was another woman, a first attempt that went completely sideways, okay? And her name was Lilith. And she didn't just leave Eden. She was transformed into this dark, dangerous demon and was cast away. But who was Lilith? Where does this come from? Great question. I'm glad you asked. In order to unwrap this mystery, we got to go back to Mesopotamia. Literally means between two rivers and refers to this area in modern day Iraq and basically was humanity's first testing ground for civilization. Yes, this was the place where it all began, as they say. And this is also where people started to develop writing systems and actually recorded their supernatural beliefs. So the Lilith story begins not with a single demon, but with an entire category of spirits from roughly 4,000 ish years ago. Now, the name Lilith evolved from Lil, a Sumerian term meaning wind or spirit, and it connected to two Akkadian terms, lilu and lilitu, male and female demons. Now, these weren't individual names, but they were classifications, like, like a ghost or like a vampire or something. Now, we know this because mesopotamids wrote on these clay tablets that survived all the way up until now. And among these are medical texts revealing how they understood illness. Now, their medicine was pretty sophisticated for the time. They knew hundreds of different medicinal plants and botany, and they could set bones and in some cases, even do some minor surgeries. They also believed that supernatural forces is what caused you to be sick. Now, medical texts would blame Lilu and Lilitu for these seizures and fevers and mysterious phantom pains. One pattern emerges. Repeatedly, these demons had gendered preferences. So the male Lilu would attack women, while the female Lilitu would attack men. Now, one medical text actually describes symptoms. It basically says if when a state of confusion comes over him, he rolls the whites of his eyes and blood flows from his nose. The diagnosis for a woman is lilu, and for a man, lilitu. But where do these demons come from? Ancient texts reveal that they were believed to be these unhappy, restless spirits of young people who died before marriage or before having children. So in the Mesopotamian worldview, marriage and parenthood were these fundamental duties. It was not like a choice. You couldn't just be like, I'll be kid free, you know? So those who died unfulfilled supposedly wandered the earth, consumed by jealousy and rage. While one text actually describes Ardat Lily slips in a man's window. Young girls not fated to be married young women and never impregnated. Young women whose garments pin a good man never loosened. So this term Ardat Lily, the maiden Lilith, was connected to, like, sexual frustration in a way. This reference to slipping through windows identifies them as like a. Like a succubus or a, you know, a female demon who just, like, seduces sleeping men. So there's a scholar named Gwen Eliza, and she basically argues that these demons embodied sexual envy, right? Bitter spirits of people who never experienced fulfillment. So the solution, a symbolic wedding. So priests would literally create a figurine of male and female Lilith demons and perform a marriage between them and then bury them together. And the idea was that you would give these spirits what they wanted, partners of their own in the demon world, so that they would leave humans alone. Now, here's what's interesting about this. Throughout ancient Mesopotamia, we're discussing a category of demons, not a specific demon named Lilith. She started as this generic type and then only gradually crystallized into an individual with her own story. What's up, people? We're going to take a break real quick because this episode is sponsored by me. Yes, Camp R and D. That is the merch, that is the threads that we'd be wearing around here at the campsite. And we got all sorts of cool stuff. My buddy Zach just cooked up a sick UFO collection. You can go check it out there at Camp R and D. I really appreciate you guys. We had so many people that came through for the holidays and picked up their threads. It's awesome. We got hats, hoodies, T shirts, all that. And if you're still listening to this and you didn't skip through, congrats, you got a promo code. All right, what do we do? Christos 5% more how much Abercrombie knows how denim should fit and feel. And this year is about curating a denim collection that carries your closet head straight to Abercrombie's. Baggy and ultra baggy fits. These are the pairs that turn any tier shirt into a full outfit. All of their jeans come in classic fit with select jeans available in athletic fit designed for guys who want more room in the thigh shop. Abercrombie Denim in the app online and in stores. Five more. 10%. 10%. Final offer. You won't go higher? You tell me. What, what do we give them? 12%. All right, we're doing 12% off. Just. Should we go more? Hey, it's your little world I'm just living in. Let's round up. 10%. No, 15%. If you use the promo code Camp15, you're gonna be getting 15% off. Yes. I think we should also do Camp10. Just if someone doesn't want to take too much Camp 10 or Camp 15, those are the only two that are available. And then maybe we send a little something extra to the ones that do 10. If you do Camp 10, maybe there's something extra. No promises, but it's an interesting experiment. I just am curious to see what you guys do. Camp 10 or Camp 15 at Camp R and D when you check out, you're gonna be getting those discounts. Thank you so much for rocking with us and wearing the threads. It keeps the lights on. It keeps the fire burning. Anyway, let's get back to the show. Now, another important detail. In order to understand how Lilith sort of became a part of Jewish folklore, we have to understand another Mesopotamian demonic figure. And this is Lamashtu. This is the daughter of Anu, a sky God. And this divine parentage made her especially powerful. So Lamashtu specialized in attacking pregnant women and like women in labor and newborn babies. So archaeological excavations have actually uncovered dozens of protective amulets against her. Artists portray her with these, like, disgusting hybrid features, like a lion or like a bird's head and, like, covered in feathers and talons for feet and like holding snakes or nursing like unclean animals. So there are even ancient Assyrian incantations that describe her. And they say she is fierce, fearsome, divine. The daughter of Anu, she is a she wolf. She intercepts the running youth. She utterly smashes the tiny ones. Not the best pr. So why did this terror exist amongst the people? Well, researcher Jonathan Valk estimated at the time that, you know, infant mortality was extremely high 20 to 30% in pre modern times. And maternal mortality was also extremely high. I mean, imagine an ancient family, right? A mother might have, you know, five, six pregnancies, and only three or four of these babies would actually survive to adulthood. Every pregnancy carried a risk. There was an implicit fear that went along with it. So demons like, you know, the Lillu spirit or Lamashtu arose from these deep fears about vulnerability and loss. So when Lilith develops in Jewish traditions, she combines Lamashtu's baby killing role with, you know, the Lilloo spiritual sort of sexual predation. So the Hebrew people had extensive contact with the Mesopotamians. Abraham himself came from the city of Ur, a Mesopotamian city. Later, the Babylonian exile forced Jewish populations to live in Mesopotamia for decades. And large Jewish communities remained there for centuries and produced a lot of important texts like the Babylonian Talmud. Now this created extensive opportunity for Mesopotamian demon belief to actually influence early Jewish folklore and thought. Now here's an interesting fact. The story of Lilith as Adam's first wife isn't anywhere in the Bible. This is not a Christian belief necessarily. It does appear, though, in the Bible in some way. The word Lilith appears once in Isaiah 34, 14. Now Isaiah 34 describes God's judgment on Edom, transforming it into a wasteland, basically. And verse 14 states, depending on your translation, verse 14 states that wild cats shall meet with hyenas, goat demons shall call to each other. There also Lilith shall repose and find a place to rest. And that's it. The text doesn't really explain who lilith is. Other translations will change out that lilith term and say, you know, like demons or things of that nature. And the author just kind of assumes that readers would know what was meant. But experts disagree exactly what this translation means. Right. Some argue that Lilith isn't the proper name, but refers to a type of demon. Others think that it's like a nocturnal creature, like an owl. Different Bible translations reflect this. Right. So even the King James version says a screech owl. However, many ancient translators actually view this as supernatural. So the Greek Septuagint will use Ono Centaur, basically like a type of centaur. And the Latin Vulgate will use Lamia, which is basically like a Greco Roman baby killing monster thing. Now, ancient interpreters definitely saw this as a mythological being in some way, but that single ambiguous verse didn't create Lilith and the elaborate mythology that exists around her. So for that we need to understand Jewish writings from the second Temple period and the Rabbinic era. Now, when we say the second temple period, we're typically referring to 516 B.C. to about 70 A.D. and this was a crucial time period for Judaism's development. The Dead Sea Scrolls are from this era, discovered in 1947. And it really shows an unprecedented view into Jewish religious thought at that time. Now, in these scrolls, Lilith appears in an exorcistic hymn, and it says, and I the sage sound the majesty of his beauty to terrify and confound all the spirits of destroying angels. And the bastard spirits, the demons and Lilith. Now, the bastard spirits, most likely, depending on which scholar you would speak with, would refer to Nephilim, the offspring of angels and humans described in the book of Enoch. Lilith appears alongside these evil spirits as something that would require some type of divine protection. Now, what's interesting is the great Isaiah scroll from Qumran uses the plural liliot. So liliths in Isaiah 34:14, which suggests a class of demons rather than just being a single demon. Now, Lilith becomes more prominent in rabbinic Judaism, which developed after Romans actually destroyed the second temple in 70 AD. The Babylonian Talmud describes her as a humanoid female demon with wings and long hair. One rabbi even suggests banning people from sleeping alone, warning that Lilith will seize anyone who is sleeping alone. Now, this brings us back to these incantation bowls that I described earlier. Most were written in Babylonian, Jewish, Aramaic, and they were found in modern day Iraq, the same region where the Talmud was compiled. Now, the timeline here actually overlaps closely. The bulls date from around, like 500 to 700 AD, around the period when the Babylonian Talmud effectively reached its final form. And the language of these bowls and kind of like the legal formulas around them suggest influence from rabbinic culture. And it's debated whether or not the actual, you know, prayers or incantations were actually written by rabbis themselves or just people that borrowed that language. Now, many bowls take on a form of symbolic divorce. So one reads, this is the deed of divorce of the Lilith, Lilith's male lilith and female Lilith. You are stripped naked. Your mother is the Lilith. Palhas Hadad go out from the house and from the dwelling and from the body of this Hormids son of Imma, and from his wife. Now what does that mean? This Pallas Hadad, this is a lilith with her own name. Like how other demons have specific names, right? Like Beelzebub is a specific demon. Now, the divorce document uses Jewish legal formulas to sever these spiritual bonds between demons and victims. Another bull actually states this is an amulet against the Lilith that haunted the house of this Ephraim, who do violence and trample and scourge and mutilate, who appear to be humans to men in the likeness of women and to women in the likeness of men. With the formula I've written against the evil Lilith, whomever name be thine, now this reveals again the shape shifting ability that made these Liliths so terrifying to the people. They could appear as whatever they wanted and, you know, could be whatever would be most effective at catching targets off guard, right? Attractive women to men, handsome men to women, et cetera. So across 2500 years, from ancient Mesopotamia all the way through early rabbinic Judaism, we see this consistency. Lilith, or these Liliths, are demons associated with sexuality that are typically sent to, you know, threaten people through improper sexual contact, or specifically to threaten mothers and children. But it seems like the first connection between Lilith and, you know, being Adam's first wife actually comes a little later in the medieval period. So this story comes from the Alphabet of Ben Serah, written between the 8th and 10th centuries AD. Now, the Alphabet of Ben Sarah is pretty interesting, filled with, you know, some crude humor and some sexual content and even like, you know, satirical kind of like biblical stories. And scholars debate whether it was a serious instruction or an entertaining sort of thing for people to read, or just a parody outright. But the fact that the Lilith story first appears here tells us that this narrative emerged from, broadly speaking, popular storytelling rather than official religious doctrine. But according to this text, God creates Lilith from dust, the same method for creating Adam. And this makes them equal in origin. But they immediately clash over their sexual relationship. Basically, Lilith refuses to lie beneath Adam during intercourse, arguing that since they are both made from earth, they should be equal partners. Now this is hilarious. Now, Adam refuses Lilith speaks aloud, the Tetragrammaton. Now, if you don't know what this is, this is God's sacred four letter name. You've probably seen it before. It's oftentimes interpreted as Yahweh, but because the ancient Hebrew didn't really have the vowels, it's just why. H, W, H. Now, this was not supposed to be pronounced, so this was a massive transgression, but it gave her some power. So as a result, she transformed, she grows wings, and she flies to the Red Sea. Now, God sees this and sends three angels, Senoi, Sen, Senoy, and Sam and Galaf, basically to go get her back. They threatened to drown her, and her response is, leave me. I was created only to cause sickness to infants. Crazy, right? So the angels in Lilith reach a compromise. Wherever she sees their names or images, she'll have no power. So this becomes the basis for, you know, these protective amulets and charms and plaques and things like that. So according to legend, God curses Lilith 100 of her demon children will die daily. And this gives her motivation for revenge to kill human children. In retaliation. Now, the Alphabet of Ben Sirah portrays Lilith as defiant and independent and just utterly opposed to motherhood. And so she kills human babies while birthing hundreds of demon children that also die. Now, where does this narrative come from? Like, what is the point of this? Right? It builds on a lot of these earlier concepts, right? This, you know, Lamashtu Mesopotamian baby killing spirit and the lilu spirits and, you know, sexuality and protective amulets and all that kind of stuff. But the specific idea of Lilith as Adam's first wife appears to come from an attempt to reconcile a perceived contradiction in Genesis. So Genesis 1:27 says, so God created humans in his image, male and female. He created them. So this suggests simultaneous creation of equals. But Genesis 2 says something a little different. It says, God forms man from dust and later creates woman from Adam's rib as his helper. Now, medieval scholars notice that these are two subtly different creation accounts. So their solution is that they describe two different women. Genesis 1 describes Lilith made from dust, like Adam. Genesis 2 describes Eve made from Adam's rib after Lilith failed. You can see the difference, right? It says in the. In Genesis 1, God created humans in his image, male and female. He created them. So when you are reading, you know, the ancient Torah, reading the ancient Bible, people would interpret this as like, oh, they're on the same level. But then a little later it says God forms man from dust and then later creates woman from Adam's rib. So that's how they squared this. They basically said the first one was Lilith, the second one is someone different. So this is ultimately where this idea of Lilith kind of came from. But again, it doesn't have a biblical basis necessarily. What's up, people? We're going to take a break really quick because I have amazing news. I'm coming on the road. That's right. My very first headlining tour, where I'm going to every city that will possibly allow me to go there. I'm going to Salt Lake City. I'm going to Washington, D.C. and Charlotte, North Carolina, in February. Those tickets will be announced soon. You can get all the tickets at Mark Yagnon Live, and I'll see you guys there. Let's get back to the show now. As Jewish mysticism, also known as Kabbalah, developed in medieval Europe around the 12th and 13th centuries, Lilith gained more elaborate mythology. Now, broadly speaking, cabala seeks hidden meaning in scripture, and it explores the nature of God through complex symbolic systems. So kabbalists were interested in mystical experiences and secret knowledge. Then they more or less believed that proper Meditation could actually achieve a more immediate union with the divine. Now, in kabbalistic texts, Lilith is paired with Samael, an evil figure similar to Satan in Christianity. And according to this mythology, Samael wasn't someone Lilith married after leaving Adam. He was her original primordial partner from the beginning of creation. So as scholar Joseph Dan explains, this created a parallelism between Adam and Eve and then Lilith and Samael. Now, this parallel structure is very central to Kabbalistic cosmology. So Adam and Eve represented the divine plan, this holy coupling to produce righteous offspring, and Lilith and Samael represented the demonic inversion, this unholy union that produces evil spirits and they rule over citra Acra. This is the other side, and this is a shadowy realm filled with demons or something. It's almost like Hades, if you could imagine that. Now, this elevated Lilith from this kind of demon that kills babies to this cosmic level, you know, force of evil, like the queen of demons, the bride of Satan, the bride of Samael, and really embodied like evil femininity under God's order. Now, for centuries, Lilith remained a figure of fear in Jewish folklore, a demon to protect against, and a cautionary tale of specifically female disobedience. Now, I just want to make clear this is not a core teaching of Judaism. This is not something that is found in the Torah necessarily. This is something that comes up much later through sort of medieval rabbinical Jewish analysis and does exist through, you know, Kabbalah and Kabbalistic practice, but is not something that is fundamental to the average Jewish person. Now, what's interesting is that despite Christianity inheriting the Hebrew Bible and being deeply influenced by Jewish thought, obviously Lilith is virtually absent from Christian scripture or theology or any type of, you know, Christian church folklore in general. And why is this? The story of Lilith as Adam's wife doesn't appear in Genesis, but again in these later Jewish elaborations developed after Christianity is already established in its own sort of scriptural interpretation. So by the time that the Alphabet of Ben Sarah is written, Christianity and Judaism had already been separated for centuries. Early church fathers like Augustine and Jerome wrote extensive commentaries on Genesis, but never mentioned Lilith as Adam's wife. Isaiah 34:14 was translated into Latin as Lamia, which again connected Lilith to Greco Roman mythology. Medieval Christian demonology featured Lucifer, Beelzebub and Asmodeus, but never Lilith. Some modern occult movements will incorporate Lilith, but this was a much more modern development and not really ancient Christian tradition any capacity. Also, we should mention that Islam, despite coming from the same Abrahamic tree, also doesn't really mention Lilith. Lilith doesn't appear in the Quran. Islamic scripture mentions Adam receiving Hawa or Eve as a mate, but no mention of a previous wife. It's interesting because Islamic tradition does develop an elaborate demonology which features jinn, which are these spiritual beings made from smokeless fire. And within Islamic folk tradition, specifically in Middle Eastern cultures, there are female jinn, or demons who do attack pregnant women and newborns. In some Arab traditions, there are spirits called the Umm al Subyan, which is the mother of children. And these sort of beings will strangle babies or cause miscarriages. And these may have potentially been influenced by the Jewish Lilith beliefs in regions with Jewish communities, but they're not called Lilith, and they don't share that same Adam backstory. Now, in recent decades, Lilith has appeared frequently in pop culture from, you know, TV shows and comic books, video games, usually as this powerful, dark female character. Shows like Supernatural or True Blood have featured this character in their shows. So there you have it. We've traveled across 4,000 years tracing this evolution of Lilith from ancient Mesopotamia to medieval Jewish mythology to the modern reinterpretations. And it's really interesting. I mean, obviously we know that Lilith is Adam's first wife is not a biblical story. This doesn't appear in Christian folklore. It is this Jewish text that is, you know, written a thousand years after the biblical books were actually created. And there you have it. That is the entire lore of Lilith. It's really interesting. I mean, I remember hearing about it, but I didn't know exactly how it fit in. The fact that it comes from the Alphabet of Ben Sirah is very funny to me. This is a hilarious text. And I. I think it's important to just underscore, like, this is not a text that is considered, you know, legitimate, like, rigorous, you know, religious scripture. This is not dogma. This is the musings of, you know, medieval Jews that were doing basically, like, analysis and use satire to kind of describe some stuff and kind of, like, send a message. But the whole book, again, I haven't read it, but from the excerpts and the research I've done, it's. It's very funny. I mean, the fact that Lilith is cast out because she was trying to ride cowgirl is hilarious to me. Like, literally, it was like, missionary is what is. Is what, you know, that's what Adam wanted. That's the way of God. And they were like, no, no, no, no. Lilith was not having it. She wanted it. She wanted to go crazy on that thing. But again, this is not like, you know, dogmatic, but it is just really funny. And then there's other things. Apparently in one passage that Eve is created because Adam is so horny. Like, literally, like, Adam, like, masturbates and then spills semen on the ground and then creates demons. And then God's like, yeah, we got it. We got to get you wifed up immediately. We got to get you a little shouty up in. Up in the spot, which is just hilarious to me. But, like, the text itself is literally using, like, crude language, I think, to, like, entertain the people and in order to, like, make this kind of, like, you know, religious folklore, it seems like almost like fan fiction, I think. And. But what's interesting is that some people kind of believed it in the sense that they, like, made these amulets and, like, they would kind of, like, participate in the stuff because they were afraid of these, like, she demons. So, like, they believed in the demonic nature of these liliths, but they weren't. They weren't reading this being like, oh, this is where it comes from. But it's just a funny. It's a hilarious book. I mean, Ben Sira actually insults King Nebuchadnezzar to his face. So Nebuchadnezzar is basically asking Ben Sira riddles, and then Ben Sarah responds by mocking the king's intelligence and then give answers that are, like, technically correct but, like, really, like, humiliating. And there's also, like, a ton of different proverbs in here that are just like, hey, dude, it's better to, you know, be in hell than marry, like, a foolish wife. It's like, just hilarious. Like, it's just like, yeah, dude, like, these. These girls be crazy. But, yeah, that's kind of where it comes from. It's mostly from Ben Sira, but there is. It's interesting how there is text going all the way back to Mesopotamia of, like, a way to, like, grapple with the fact that, you know, women are dying in childbirth and, like, the loss of a child. They're like, we need an explanation for this. And they're like, yes, she demons. It's just kind of funny to me. I don't know Croesus. You take anything away from this. This episode is brought to you by Dead Man's Wire, the new film from Roquet Entertainment. Dead Man's Wire is the incredible true story of the 1977 kidnapping that turned an aspiring entrepreneur into an outlaw folk hero. Directed by legendary filmmaker Gus Van Sant, Dead Man's Wire stars Bill Skarsgard, Dacre Montgomery, Cary Elways and Maihala with Colman Domingo and Al Pacino in select theaters January 9th. Everywhere January 16th. But Lilith is definitely not a pillow princess. Not at all. And I don't want to compare the two, and they're not the same thing, but there is, like, this divergence with. Within the Talmud, and then also the. I forget what you call this. The Ben. The Alphabet of Ben Sarah. Yeah. Where it's, like, very divergent. Yeah, I think. I mean, the Alphabet of Ben Sarah, I think, is developed much later than, like, the Talmud is kind of like, actually formed. Right. So there's like, again, reference to this Lilith, but Ben Sarah is like, well, I'm just going to make it funny. Right. So again, I need to do more research on Ben Sarata Nov. I think it was based off everything I know. It's like, it was intended to be kind of satirical and kind of parody, which is kind of fire that they're just like, maybe that's who I would have been if I was a medieval Jew. I would have been like, you know what? I'm going to write a funny book about this. I would have been Lilith, dude. She would have been wild. You would have done tricks on it. But that is the origins of Lilith. That is where she comes from, and that is why she exists in movies you might have watched. If you ever see a crazy fierce character named Lilith, you know where it comes from. And apparently more people are naming their kids Lilith. If you're a Lilith watching this, congrats. You're just. You're one of the goats. The throat goats. All right, guys, this has been another episode of Religion Camp. This one is. This one's a little naughtier than normal, but it's after dark. You know what? We're having a fun time here in the tent. You guys can check out History Camp if you're interested in deep historical deep dives and all the craziest things and people have ever happened. You can also check out Camp Gagnon, where I do a bunch of interviews with people much smarter than me that can actually explain these complex topics. You can also come see me on the road. Maybe I'll throw some Lilith jokes in there for the good folks in the back. And as always, this is Religion Camp. You can join us here every single Sunday, and I cannot wait to see you next time. You're always welcome in the tent. Thank you so much, and I'll see you then. Peace be with you.