Joyful Mysteries: The Visitation

Summary

Podcast Summary: Catholic Bible Study – Joyful Mysteries: The Visitation

Podcast Information:

• Title: Catholic Bible Study
• Host/Author: Augustine Institute
• Episode: Joyful Mysteries: The Visitation
• Release Date: October 31, 2024

In this insightful episode of the Catholic Bible Study series, hosted by the Augustine Institute, renowned Catholic scholars delve into the second Joyful Mystery of the Rosary: The Visitation. Dr. Ben Akers, Executive Director of Formed, leads the discussion alongside Dr. Mark Gieshek, Professor of Scripture at the Augustine Institute Graduate School of Theology. Together, they explore the profound scriptural and theological dimensions of the Visitation, enriching listeners' understanding and devotion to the Rosary.

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1. Introduction to the Visitation

Dr. Ben Akers opens the session by introducing the series' focus on the Joyful Mysteries of the Rosary. He outlines the progression from the first Joyful Mystery, the Annunciation, to the current focus on The Visitation, where Mary visits her cousin Elizabeth following the angel Gabriel's announcement of God's plan to her.

"[00:05] A: Hello, and welcome to our Bible study on the Joyful Mysteries. My name is Dr. Ben Akers..."

2. Mary's Journey to Ein Caram

Dr. Mark Gieshek provides a vivid description of Mary's journey from Nazareth to Ein Caram, a significant location in the Holy Land where Elizabeth and Zechariah reside. He emphasizes the historical and spiritual importance of Ein Caram, noting its transformation into a holy site adorned with a beautiful church and inscriptions of the Magnificat in various languages.

"[00:58] B: From Nazareth to Ein Caram, which is where Elizabeth and Zechariah live..."
"[01:48] A: So the prayer that Mary's going to say is."

Dr. Gieshek recounts the sensory experience of visiting Ein Caram, highlighting its serene environment, historical remnants from the first century, and artistic tributes to Old Testament heroines like Deborah and Jael.

"[02:13] A: Do you lead pilgrimages to the Holy Land?"
"[02:14] B: Well, yes. So before COVID Right. Yes. I got to Lead 1 in 2019..."

3. Scriptural Analysis of Luke 1:39-45

The conversation shifts to an in-depth examination of Luke Chapter 1, specifically verses 39-45, where the Visitation unfolds. Dr. Gieshek reads and interprets the passage, emphasizing Elizabeth's recognition of Mary as the "mother of my Lord" and the miraculous leap of John the Baptist in Elizabeth's womb upon hearing Mary's greeting.

"[04:10] B: Yeah. So. Well, maybe I'll just read the first two verses."
"[04:15] A: Yeah, great."
"[04:16] B: In those days, Mary arose and went with haste into the hill country to a town in Judah..."

4. Parallels with Old Testament Heroines

Dr. Gieshek draws compelling parallels between Elizabeth's blessing of Mary and the blessings pronounced upon Old Testament women like Jael in Judges 5:24 and Judith in Judith 13:18. He highlights how these figures exemplify courage and faith, setting a precedent for Mary's own blessed status among women.

"[05:00] A: Yeah. And this is actually helpful for us as we pray through these. Of."
"[06:11] B: She's killing him in the context of war..."
"[08:29] A: So those sounds like to me an echo of the prophecy of Genesis 3 of the Proto Evangelium..."
"[07:41] A: Right."

5. Mary as Theotokos (Mother of God)

The discussion delves into Mary's role as Theotokos, affirming her as the Mother of God, not merely the mother of Christ. This theological affirmation underscores the significance of Mary's faith and obedience, as recognized by Elizabeth.

"[09:44] A: I mean, Mary can only crush the head of the serpent because of her son in Jesus."
"[15:11] B: Right, yes, exactly..."
"[14:07] A: What's the echo here?"

6. The Ark of the Covenant: A Symbolic Connection

Dr. Gieshek explores the symbolic resonance between Mary's visit to Elizabeth and the Ark of the Covenant's journey in 2 Samuel 6. He draws parallels in the movements, durations of stay, and the joyous reception, illustrating how Mary embodies the new Ark, housing the divine presence.

"[10:11] B: Right. So this scene has a lot of parallels with 2nd Samuel, chapter 6..."
"[12:09] A: Of the Lord Denunciation."
"[13:17] A: Yeah, and I was thinking hill country of the BAAL J. Judah..."

7. The Magnificat: Mary's Prophetic Song

The conversation culminates in an exploration of the Magnificat, Mary's song of praise. Dr. Gieshek compares it to other biblical Psalms and prophetic songs, emphasizing themes of divine mercy, power, and the reversal of fortunes where the humble are exalted. He references Pope Benedict XVI's reflection on the Magnificat as a portrait of Mary's soul, highlighting her deep immersion in Scripture.

"[15:11] B: Yes, yes, exactly..."
"[16:58] A: I remember reading Pope Benedict XVI and reflecting..."
"[17:09] B: Yes."

8. Conclusion and Encouragement

Dr. Ben Akers wraps up the study by encouraging listeners to continue praying the Rosary and engaging with the Augustine Institute's resources. He acknowledges Dr. Gieshek's contributions and invites support through the Mission Circle, fostering a community committed to deepening their faith.

"[18:05] A: Mark, thank you for joining me today..."
"[18:05] A: ...keep praying the. All the mysteries of the rosary, but we'd be going through the joyful mysteries..."

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Notable Quotes with Timestamps:

• Dr. Ben Akers [00:05]: "We're going through a whole series of Bible studies, diving deeply into scripture passages to help you meditate more fruitfully on this beautiful gift of the Rosary."

• Dr. Mark Gieshek [01:21]: "Ein Caram, which means something like spring and vineyard, is just a wonderful and beautiful place."

• Dr. Mark Gieshek [07:41]: "She's killing him in the context of war. So we don't count that as a murderer."

• Dr. Mark Gieshek [09:44]: "Mary can only crush the head of the serpent because of her son in Jesus."

• Dr. Ben Akers [16:58]: "Pope Benedict XVI reflects that the Magnificat is the portrait of Mary's soul."

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Key Takeaways:

1. Mary's Journey: The Visitation is not just a physical journey but a profound spiritual mission, echoing significant Old Testament stories and symbolisms.
2. Theotokos: Affirming Mary as the Mother of God highlights her pivotal role in salvation history and her exemplary faith.
3. Biblical Parallels: The connections between Mary’s story and Old Testament figures like Jael and Judith enrich our understanding of her virtues and divine purpose.
4. The Magnificat: Mary's prophetic song encapsulates themes of divine justice, mercy, and the uplifting of the humble, serving as a model for Christian prayer and hope.
5. Symbolism of the Ark: Mary as the new Ark of the Covenant signifies the dwelling place of God and the continuation of divine presence among His people.

Supporting the Augustine Institute:

Listeners are encouraged to support the Augustine Institute through the Mission Circle, a community of monthly donors dedicated to advancing the Institute's mission of helping Catholics understand, live, and share their faith. Visit missioncircle.org to contribute and participate in further enriching Bible studies and theological discussions.

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This detailed summary encapsulates the rich theological exploration of The Visitation as discussed by Dr. Ben Akers and Dr. Mark Gieshek, providing listeners with a comprehensive understanding of the episode's key themes and insights.

Transcript

[A]

Hello, and welcome to our Bible study on the Joyful Mysteries. My name is Dr. Ben Akers. I'm the executive director of Formed. And joining me today is Dr. Mark Gieshek, who is a professor of scripture at the Augusta Institute Graduate School of Theology. Thanks for coming, Mark.

[B]

Hey, it's great to be here.

[A]

And we've been going through. We have a whole series on Formed of Bible studies, of diving deeply into the scripture passages to help you meditate more fruitfully on this beautiful gift of the rosary. And so we're now in the second joyful mystery, the first joyful mystery, which is the Annunciation, where the angel Gabriel comes and announces God's plan revealed to Mary. And then now we're at the point of Mary gets up and goes and visits someone.

[B]

Yeah, yeah. So maybe the place to begin is to just think about Mary's journey. Right. That she's going, it seems, by herself, you know, but probably with a caravan of other travelers about 90 miles on foot.

[A]

Wow.

[B]

From Nazareth to Ein Caram, which is where Elizabeth and Zechariah live. And whenever I think about this passage, I'm immediately transported back to the Holy Land because this site, where Zechariah and Elizabeth's house is in the Holy Land has become a holy site. Right. And it's. It's got this big, beautiful church on it. You can go pay a visit when you go to the Holy Land.

[A]

I remember, like, going up the hill.

[B]

Yeah. You do have to walk up a bit of a hill. And this place, Ein Caram, which means something like spring and vineyard, is just a wonderful and beautiful place. And it has various, you know, little pieces of the holy site, you know, left over from the first century. And then it has the Magnificat in many different languages on the wall, kind of inscribed on the wall.

[A]

So the prayer that Mary's going to say is.

[B]

And then if you go inside the church itself, it has artwork of all of the female heroines of the Old Testament, so like Deborah and Jael others. And it's. It's just a really beautiful, prayerful place. So anyway, whenever I think about this mystery, I'm always just drawn back to that place at Ein Karam. And, you know, of course, I hope I get to visit again.

[A]

Do you lead pilgrimages to the Holy Land?

[B]

Well, yes. So before COVID Right. Yes. I got to Lead 1 in 2019, and hopefully there will be many more in the future.

[A]

You know, the Augusta Institute, we have pilgrimages, if you want to look at the pilgrimage. We try to go to The Holy Land, we go to Rome and Greece.

[B]

Yeah, yeah, yeah. So, I mean, it's a really wonderful eye opening experience that just puts you in touch with the scriptures in a way that nothing else really will. Right. When you walk in a place and you think, wow, Jesus walked right here. Right. Or Mary walked right here, it somehow, it just, it just changes your perspective in a way that I can't fully describe, you know, and so that whenever you're reading the scriptures or you're attending mass or reflecting on the rosary, your imagination just has a lot more to work with. Right. Because you've, you know, swum in the Sea of Galilee. Right. Or you've, you've, you know, walked through Jerusalem and I don't know, it just, it just really gives you a different perspective.

[A]

And here in particular, when the, the hill country, it is, there's, there's lots of hills surrounding this area.

[B]

Yeah, it's true. Yeah. You have to go up and down a lot.

[A]

So it wasn't just a 90 miles walking on a nice flat, flat paved road.

[B]

Yeah. No.

[A]

How long do we have a sense of how long that would take on foot? Do 90 miles?

[B]

I mean, maximum pace for a walker, you know, in traditional traveling times is about 30 miles a day.

[A]

Okay.

[B]

So absolute minimum might be three days, but it's probably a lot longer than that. I would, I would put it at maybe more like a week.

[A]

So when Mary just said it's not. When she decides after the angel leaves, you know, she goes with haste.

[B]

Yeah.

[A]

So she is, she knows what it entails to go. To go and to visit her cousin Elizabeth. But it's so important for her to go. She does it very quickly.

[B]

Yes, yes.

[A]

So if you want to join, if you want to open your Bibles, we're in Luke chapter one and you want. And in verse 39 is where the visitation starts. So we're in Luke chapter one, if you want to grab your Bibles and follow along.

[B]

Yeah. So. Well, maybe I'll just read the first two verses.

[A]

Yeah, great.

[B]

In those days, Mary arose and went with haste into the hill country to a town in Judah, and she entered the house of Zechariah and greeted Elizabeth. So there are so many things here in, in the background, really, even before we get to much of what happens in the scene. Right. Zechariah is a priest, and we know that because that's what happens earlier in the, in chapter one. Right. As he's engaged in priestly service at the temple. So it's part of the reason that he Lives near Jerusalem. So Ein Karam, it's basically a suburb of Jerusalem. It's quite close. And so he would be able to go and do service at the temple. And I mean, there are so many wonderful references to the Old Testament, which is really what gets me about this passage.

[A]

Yeah. And this is actually helpful for us as we pray through these. Of.

[B]

Yeah.

[A]

What would you bring out?

[B]

I'm going to try to make it not as complicated as maybe I would in another setting, but as we go through, right, we see Elizabeth hears Mary's greeting and the baby leaps in her womb. Right. So that's John the Baptist leaping in her womb. And then she's filled with the Holy Spirit, which is telling us that she's about to prophesy. And what does she say? What's her prophecy? Blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of your womb. And of course, those words ought to be extremely familiar to us, the Hail.

[A]

Mary prayer, which is. Which is just. Which is a great side point of when we pray the Hail Mary, which we pray in the rosary regularly. We're actually just echoing the words of scripture.

[B]

Exactly, exactly. So there are kind of two different themes, two or three different themes that are worth thinking about in this setting. Right. One has to do with women in the Old Testament, and one has to do with the Ark of the Covenant. So let's talk about women in the Old Testament. First, this blessing that Elizabeth pronounces sounds familiar, right? You're thinking, blessing, blessed, blessed are you blessed. Okay, so what's the blessing? Right. We've seen these or we've heard these blessings before in the Old Testament. They're very common and frequent in Jewish prayer. Right. So most Jewish prayers begin with a blessing with the word Baruch in Hebrew. So if you were to say, open up a Jewish prayer book, there are many, many, many blessings. And some of them are very common, like blessing for washing of hands, blessing when you go to bed, blessing when you wake up. So it's a really common form of prayer in. In Judaism. And then, of course, they remind us of the Beatitudes. Right. Jesus pronounces blessings on his followers for various virtues and dispositions and. And this sort of thing. So first we get this blessing on her. And this blessing in particular should remind us of two blessings in the Old Testament which are easy to overlook. Okay, so there's one in the Book of Judges, chapter 5, verse 24. And if you remember, the story that's unfolding there, writes Deborah and Barak, and then the general that Barak defeats In battle flees and he hides in the tent of jail. And then jail murders him or kills him. Right. And then she's blessed, right. For killing the enemy or the general enemy of God's people. So that blessing is most blessed of women be Jael, the wife of Heber, the kenite of tent dwelling women. Most blessed. So it's very similar in that way, right. That she's lauded for her courage. Right. And for this great act that she did on behalf of God's people. I better retract the idea of her murdering him.

[A]

Right.

[B]

She's killing him in the context of war. Okay. So we don't count that as a murderer. And then later, it's actually a very similar story in the book of Judith, chapter 13, verse 18. Now if you know the story of Judith, right. It's not in Protestant Bibles, only in the Catholic Bible. And the story of Judith, it's a very similar one to jail, right. Where there's an enemy general coming against God's people. Right. And she kills him, right. She beheads him. And at the end of the story, she celebrated. And there we hear these words, oh, daughter, you are blessed by the most high God above all women on earth. And blessed be the Lord God who created the heavens and the earth, who's guided you to strike the head of the leader of our enemies. So these blessings on these Old Testament heroines, Jael and Judith, set the stage for the blessing that Saint Elizabeth is going to pronounce over the Virgin Mary.

[A]

So those sounds like to me an echo of the prophecy of Genesis 3 of the Proto Evangelium. So the first gospel of that the seed of the woman will crush the head of the enemy of Israel.

[B]

Yeah, Right. And we see that in jail. Right. And we see that in Judith and now of course, in the Virgin Mary.

[A]

So, so when Mary hears this and. And Elizabeth is prophesying and full of the Holy Spirit, she knows what, you know, the fulfillment of this prophecy.

[B]

Yeah.

[A]

Is in her womb. Is that the, is that the next line, Blesses the fruit of your womb. It's actually going to be the fruit of the womb that is the one that crushes the head of the serpent.

[B]

Well, it depends on whether we're in Hebrew or Latin. Well, this is worth mentioning just because it's interesting because of our statues. Right. So we have all these statues of the Virgin Mary standing on the head of the serpent. But then when you go and read your Bible, it says, you shall strike at his heel and he shall crush your head. And so it introduces A kind of confusion into our Catholic minds. Like, what's going on here? What's going on is that in the Latin tradition, it says she shall crush your head, but in the Hebrew it says, he shall crush your head.

[A]

Right.

[B]

So that's. That's why we have that kind of cognitive dissonance there.

[A]

I mean, Mary can only crush the head of the serpent because of her son in Jesus.

[B]

Right. And in that sense, like, we participate in his victory as well and also crush the head of the serpent.

[A]

Well, because like, Romans 16.

[B]

Right.

[A]

So maybe you crush the head of the serpent as well. Yeah, yeah.

[B]

So. So one of the other things to notice is this idea of two boys and wombs, Right. And we've seen this scene before, right? Back in the book of Genesis, there are two boys in the womb of Rebecc, and they're struggling with one another. Right. They're wrestling with each other. And of course, famously, Esau is born first, and then Jacob comes out holding onto his heel. Right. I love that. Right. So here, though, it's like that same scene, but kind of. But it's like the positive, you know, photo negative. Right. It's the positive version of that, where John the Baptist, even as a baby in utero. Right. Recognizes Jesus's presence and leaps for joy. Okay. And it's also a sign of Mary's motherhood. So there was a heresy in the early church that said that, well, Mary's the mother of Christ, but not the mother of God. Right. And it took an ecumenical council to affirm. No, she's actually the mother of God. She's Theotokos, not just Christotokos, not just the mother of Christ. And we hear about this in Elizabeth's word. Why is it granted to me that the mother of my Lord should come to me? So Elizabeth recognizes Mary's identity not just as her relative or whatever. Right. But as mother of the Messiah. Right. Mother of my Lord and who is my Lord, the Davidic King. Right, The Messiah, the one who has come to redeem God's people and bring about the restoration. So, I mean, that's a lot of themes, right? You got the babies in the womb, you got mother of God, mother of the Davidic king, blessed among women. But the Ark of the Covenant thing is really what I want to get to.

[A]

Yeah.

[B]

Right. So this scene has a lot of parallels with 2nd Samuel, chapter 6, which is where David is moving the Ark of the Covenant toward Jerusalem. And there are so many different resonances there. So Elizabeth says, right. How is it that the mother of My Lord should come to me. Well, David says, how can the Ark of the Lord come to me?

[A]

Yeah.

[B]

Right. So you have Elizabeth, like, in the role of David there. Right. Pronouncing these words. And we see Mary as the new Ark of the Covenant. Right. With the presence of the Lord dwelling within her. And almost like the new tabernacle. Right. In that she's overshadowed by the presence.

[A]

Of the Lord Denunciation.

[B]

Right. In the same way that the tabernacle in Exodus 40 is overshadowed by the presence of the Lord in the pillar of fire and pillar of cloud. And then it says she entered the house of Zachariah. Well, this reminds us of 2nd Samuel, chapter 6, verse 10, where the ark of the Covenant comes and enters the house of Obed Edom. So the Ark of the Covenant has to kind of make a stop along its way to Jerusalem, and it stops at the house of Obed Edom. And what happens when they bring the Ark from Obed Edom's house to Jerusalem? David dances with joy before the Ark. Right. Just like John the Baptist now leaps in the womb of his mother.

[A]

Yeah.

[B]

So beautiful. But the other connection, that's like, kind of subtle. Second Samuel, chapter 6, verse 11. How long does Elizabeth or how long does Mary stay at Elizabeth's house? House.

[A]

Been three months.

[B]

Right. Which is the exact same amount of time that the Ark of the Covenant stays at the house of obed Edom in 2 Samuel 6, 11. So all of these connections are deliberate. Right. None of them are by mistake. Luke is trying to show us Mary it's the Ark of the Covenant.

[A]

Yeah, and I was thinking hill country of the BAAL J. Judah. Exactly. Yeah. Okay, so Luke is intentionally making us think of the Ark.

[B]

Well, one other connection. Right. So Elizabeth shouts. Right. She speaks with a loud voice. It's the only time in the New Testament this word is used. And where do we find it in The Old Testament, First Chronicles 15:28, in the Septuagint, where the people of God shout as the Ark is brought to Jerusalem. And also in 2nd Samuel 6, 15, people are shouting as the Ark is brought to Jerusalem. Now, at the end of this, she pronounces another blessing. So we already heard, blessed are you among women. Blessed is the fruit of your womb. At the end of this, she says, blessed is she who believed that there would be a fulfillment of what was spoken to her from the Lord.

[A]

She's like, not like my husband. Not like Zechariah, who heard but didn't.

[B]

Believe, who was punished for his lack of faith. Right, yeah.

[A]

What's the echo here?

[B]

Well, the beauty of this, in my view, right, is that it shows that Mary is blessed for her faith. Mary is blessed for her faith. I think so often we just think of Mary as kind of like so far above us. She's foreign, you know, and just exalted. And we're just kind of down here and lowly. But we forget, right, that she actually has the virtues, right, which are the same kinds of virtues that we have access to, like the virtue of faith. And what is it that makes her blessed, her faith, it's just such a. It's just such a powerful testament to the importance of that virtue, right. The centrality of faith, you know, that we need to believe what God tells us, right. We need to believe in him and believe in his promises, and we will be blessed, right. If we believe.

[A]

I think. I think of that. That the catechism, when it talks about Abraham being the father of faith.

[B]

Yeah.

[A]

For three major religions. But that Mary is also a mother of faith, and this is a great example of her faith.

[B]

Yes, yes, exactly. So then what follows from this beatitude, right, Is Mary's song, right? My soul magnifies the Lord, my spirit rejoices in God my Savior. This is the Magnificat, right? So it's. If you think of Mary, or. Sorry, it was Elizabeth as being filled with the Holy Spirit and prophesying, now Mary's filled with the Holy Spirit and prophesying, singing this prophetic song. And I think sometimes these types of, like, poetic interruptions and stories can be disarming for us as Bible readers. Like, what's going on? Why is there a poem who just sings his song?

[A]

It sounds like a musical. I'm part of a musical. All of a sudden, people start singing songs.

[B]

I was just reading in First Maccabees, chapter two. It's like we're about to have this great scene with Matthias, but it's preceded by this poem where he's, like, expressing his mourning, you know? So the poem here reflects on the significant of the event that's unfolding, right? And the main theme is this great reversal of fortunes, right, where the mighty are being torn down from their thrones and the lowly are being lifted up and exalted by God. So in this way, it really reminds us of the song of Hannah. Way back at the beginning of First Samuel, when Hannah is barren, praying for a child, the priest prophesies over her, and then she conceives and bears a son, and she sings this great song of vindication and it's the same kind of idea of this kind of reversal of fortunes. So if you're reading the Magnificat, it might be great to go turn back to First Samuel and read Hannah's song as well. And Mary's song sounds a lot like a lot of the psalms, like Psalm 34. I think it's Psalm 102 or 103, where we hear about God's mercy, about God's power, about his strength and how he exercises his strength and his power on behalf of his lowly people. Right. And exalts them. And so in this way, it's really a song of encouragement.

[A]

I remember reading Pope Benedict XVI and reflecting, and he reflects on this theme in one of his encyclicals, and he says that the Magnificat is the portrait of Mary's soul.

[B]

Yeah.

[A]

If you want to know, like, what Mary looked like, we don't know what she looked like. We have Marian apparitions. Right. But if you want to know what Mary really looked like in her inner life, it's full of scripture.

[B]

Yes.

[A]

It's just like of the Psalms of the other literature in the Old Testament. It. She just lives and breathes the Word of God and it comes out when she has a chance to sing.

[B]

Yes. And. Well, this is the value of memorizing Scripture. Right. If we know it by heart, then it's in our heart. Right, Right. Mary clearly knows the Scriptures by heart.

[A]

Well, the word of God that she knows so well. What we call the Old Testament today actually takes flesh inside of her Word of God in the Incarnation, the church, in her wisdom, puts this song on the lips of all the people that commit to praying the Liturgy of the hours every day, every evening. That's how important this song is.

[B]

Yes. Yeah. Yeah. And so in that. In that way, it's a kind of summary of Christian prayer. Right. And. And the. The victory that she's singing about in the vindication is something that God's bring, constantly bringing about through Christ.

[A]

Mark, thank you for joining me today. As we reflected on. There's so much more I know you're excited to share, and this is a good teaser for you. There's so much more that we encourage you to keep praying the. All the mysteries of the rosary, but we'd be going through the joyful mysteries. In particular, we went to the second Joyful My. So thank you for your support of the Augusta Institute. If you'd like to. If these conversations have been beneficial for you, we have a mission circle. It's a small group of monthly donors that contribute to the mission so we can have conversations on formed and other all the other things that we do here at the Augusta Institute. So thank you for joining us and God bless.