← Consider This from NPR
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It's consider this where every day we go deep on one big news story. Today, anti Semitic attacks are on the rise in the United Kingdom. So much so that last week the government there raised the national terrorism threat level from substantial to severe. The move followed a stabbing attack on two Jewish men in Golders Green, a part of London with a large Jewish community.
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Well, I felt sick about it because I thought to myself, as a country, I'd hope we put antisemitism behind us. And you know, there was quite a bit of around in the 1930s, even in countries not occupied by the Nazis at the time. And I thought to myself, we can't have this again.
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93 year old Alfred Dubs is a Labour Party member of the House of Lords. This is not his first experience with anti Semitism. Dubs father was Jewish and the family lived in Prague in the 1930s during the rise of Nazism.
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When the Nazis said they were going to occupy Prague, my father said to his cousins, if they come, he's getting out. And the cousins tragically said they'll take their chance. And in 1942 they were taken to Auschwitz.
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His father fled to England first. Dubs followed when he was six years old.
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So she put me on a Kindertransport.
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His mother wasn't allowed to leave.
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Fortunately for her, when they refused her permission and threw her down the stairs at some Gestapo place, they threw her passport after her. And with that she had one chance, further chance of escape. So I was on the Kindertransport and my mother managed to get to London on the last train before the war.
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The Golders Green attack is one of many over the last several months that has targeted the UK's Jewish citizens. There was an arson attempt in London last month, an attack on the Jewish ambulance service, an attempted firebombing at a London synagogue. And last October, a man killed two people in what police called a terrorist attack on a Manchester synagogue during Yom Kippur.
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I think we have a situation where the danger that for some people it's become a bit of a norm and that is an absolute tragedy. We've got to tackle it here and get rid of it. It's a scourge.
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Dubs worries the rise in violence targeting Jewish people is due to Israel's war in Gaza.
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I fear that there are people who are linking the events. I think there is an element where people are blaming Jews in Britain for things that Israel is doing in the region. I think that's quite wrong. It is possible to be very critical of the Israeli government as I am and at the same time be totally opposed to antisemitism.
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Consider this the number of anti Semitic incidences on the rise in the UK what's driving it and how is the British government trying to combat it? From npr, I'm Mary Louise Kelly. Iran, Lebanon, Israel, Gaza. With conflict unfolding in so many places, firsthand reporting has never mattered more. NPR supporters power that work. They make it possible for our journalists to go where news is happening. And supporters get perks for NPR podcasts, things like bonus episodes, archive access. You can sign up at plus.npr.org. It's consider this from npr. The United Kingdom faces an anti Semitism emergency. That's according to the government there. This week, Prime Minister Keir Starmer said there is a plan to fight it.
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We're fast tracking legislation to tackle these malign threats. And we're clear eyed about the fact that antisemitism does not have one source alone. Islamist far left, far right, extremism, all target Jewish communities.
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To get a better understanding of what is happening here, we have called Brendan McGeever. He is co director of the Birkbeck Institute for the Study of antisemitism in London. Mr. McGeever, welcome. And what went through your mind when you heard about the attack just last week in Golders Green there in London?
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The first thing that went through my mind after that attack was shock but not surprise. The awful stabbing of two Jewish men is one incident in a series of attacks on Jewish people and property that have taken place in England over recent days and weeks. Indeed, the government's advisor on terrorism, Jonathan hall, called this the biggest single national security emergency that Britain has faced in nearly a decade.
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When we lay out these recent instances of antisemitic attacks, is there data that confirms how isolated or widespread it is?
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Looking at the data that is available, is society en masse turning against British Jews? No, I don't think that it is. There's some data that suggests that there is a rise in the more everyday type of antisemitism. So abuse, name calling, particularly online slurs. But alongside that picture, we have a different picture. For example, if we look at antisemitic attitudes in Britain, that data suggests that antisemitism is in fact flatlining or possibly even declining and has been for over a decade.
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Do you have a theory for why those two lines seem to be headed in different directions?
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Well, at the Birkbeck Institute for the Study of Antisemitism, we've put forward the concept of the reservoir, that reservoir of antisemitism consists of a series of tropes and narratives about Jews from which people can draw from with ease to explain political events in which Jews have become a figure or a symbol. We know for certain that whenever there's an escalation of violence in Israel, Palestine, we see a rise in recorded and reported incidences of anti Semitism in Britain. So evidently there is a correlation. The precise nature of that relationship is not yet entirely clear. There is widespread agreement that holding Britain Jews responsible for the actions of the Israeli government is anti Semitic. But that conflation is made routinely in politics. It's made when the government speaks as if pro Palestine protest makes Jews feel unsafe, when in fact Jews are divided on that issue. So the government, when it intervenes on antisemitism, is wrong to assume that Jews are of one voice.
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So I hear you being critical of some political leaders and their messaging on this. What about their actions? Prime Minister Kirsten Darmer is putting more money towards combating antisemitism. £25 million last week toward protection and security, some more money this week toward tackling antisemitism in schools, supporting Jewish communities, and so on. Is the government doing enough on that front?
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It is good that the government has that energy and resources to address the issue. Whether these are the right responses is a different question. Securitization, that is making Jewish buildings and Jewish people more secure is important, but on its own will not address societal antisemitism. To that, we need to have a program of education, and it is good that the government has announced measures that are more focused on education rather than simply securitization. However, once we get into the detail of those programs of education, those programs of education are tightly wedded to the IHRA definition of antisemitism, which is a contentious and contested definition. I think it's safe to assume that the effectiveness of that education is going to be limited.
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I'm speaking to you from Washington. Here in the United States, we're also tracking a rise in antisemitic incidents and attacks. Do you see parallels or do you see something unique, different happening there in Britain?
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The challenges and complexities that we face here in Britain are reproduced in other parts of the world where there are multiple forms of racism that are not being addressed evenly and with consistency by governments. And certainly in the United States, we can see how anti Semitism has been broken off from a wider anti racist politics and addressed in some ways. Even to attack anti racist politics, we desperately need a way of addressing antisemitism that is consistently anti racist and that's the case in Britain. And with the different dynamics in play, it's also the case in the United States.
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We've been speaking with antisemitism scholar Brendan McIver from London. Thank you very much.
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Very good to talk to you.
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This episode was produced by Mia Venkat. It was edited by Patrick Jaranwadanan and Courtney Dorning. Our executive producer is Sammy Yenigun. It's considered this from npr. I'm Mary Louise Kelly.