Trailblazers in Cybersecurity: Lessons from the Women Leading the Charge [Threat Vector]

Summary

Podcast Summary: CyberWire Daily – "Trailblazers in Cybersecurity: Lessons from the Women Leading the Charge [Threat Vector]"

Release Date: March 16, 2025
Host/Author: N2K Networks
Description: This episode honors Women's History Month by showcasing the experiences and insights of four influential women in cybersecurity at Palo Alto Networks. Through their diverse backgrounds in business, networking, AI, and digital forensics, they share their journeys, motivations, impactful moments, and advice for aspiring women in the field.

---

1. Introduction

Host Introduction:
David Moulton, Director of Thought Leadership for Unit 42, opens the episode by introducing the special focus on women leaders in cybersecurity. He highlights the guests—Christy Fredericks, Tanya Shastri, Sama Machanda, and Stephanie Regan—and sets the stage for discussing their unique paths and contributions to the industry.

“Welcome to threatvector, the Palo Alto Networks podcast where we discuss pressing cybersecurity threats and resilience...” – David Moulton [00:44]

2. Journeys into Cybersecurity

Sama Machanda’s Path:
Sama recounts her transition into cybersecurity after two decades in consulting and technology, emphasizing her passion for mission-driven work.

“...there's nothing that really beats keeping the digital way of life safe.” – Sama Machanda [02:07]

Tanya Shastri’s Transition:
Tanya discusses her shift from telecommunications and networking into cybersecurity, driven by her interest in data analytics and AI.

“Securing data became very important to understand. And I started working on what we call malicious fault tolerant systems...” – Tanya Shastri [03:41]

Stephanie Regan’s Inspiration:
Stephanie credits her first cybersecurity professor for igniting her passion and guiding her into the field.

“He changed my outlook on so many different in so many different ways.” – Sama Machanda [04:51]

Christy Fredericks’s Motivation:
Christy emphasizes her mission-driven desire to help others and her fascination with the ever-evolving tech landscape.

“...to help others. So everything that we do day in, day out... is impactful to the other people...” – Stephanie Regan [05:50]

3. Keeping Engaged in Cybersecurity

Balancing Personal and Professional Life:
Sama highlights how her role in cybersecurity allows her to create a better environment for her children while making a significant professional impact.

“...creating a better place for them to eventually grow up, live, work, start their careers.” – Sama Machanda [07:25]

Passion for Problem-Solving:
Tanya shares that tackling tough problems energizes her, drawing parallels to her childhood aspirations in the defense forces.

“We actually get energy from those tough problems... We want to do it.” – Tanya Shastri [08:35]

Mentorship and Exploration:
Stephanie discusses how mentorship at Unit 42 allowed her to explore various facets of cybersecurity, preventing burnout and maintaining her enthusiasm.

“When I started here, nobody ever told me... like, you can only look into incident response.” – Stephanie Regan [09:37]

Continuous Learning and Innovation:
Christy reflects on her career-long passion for improving processes and embracing new technologies like AI to enhance cybersecurity efforts.

“...playing with the latest AI platforms and automations...” – David Moulton [10:31]

4. Significant Impactful Moments

Sama Machanda’s Collaboration with Deloitte:
Sama describes a pivotal moment where she helped Deloitte integrate security into their AI factory, demonstrating the necessity of security in new technologies.

“...the ability for our AI suite of products... to keep it secure was eye opening...” – Sama Machanda [11:59]

Tanya Shastri’s Team Leadership:
Tanya emphasizes the importance of strategic focus and team collaboration in driving impactful solutions over her decades-long career.

“It's really a team of people and just working with incredible people like I am now at Palo Alto Networks...” – Tanya Shastri [14:03]

Stephanie Regan’s Mentorship Moment:
Stephanie shares a heartfelt moment where she helped a struggling student persevere in cybersecurity, underscoring the importance of mentorship.

“She wrote me a handwritten letter... she ended up being in cybersecurity.” – Stephanie Regan [16:27]

David Moulton’s Automated Response Projects:
David highlights projects that automate threat eradication and containment, significantly improving incident response efficacy.

“...rapidly ID what's going on in an environment and contain that immediately...” – David Moulton [17:14]

5. Advice for the Next Generation of Women in Cybersecurity

Sama Machanda’s Guidance:
Sama advises aspiring professionals to learn the fundamentals and develop problem-solving and leadership skills.

“Start by just learning the fundamentals... it's learning how to think and it's learning how to lead people.” – Sama Machanda [18:34]

Tanya Shastri’s Encouragement:
Tanya encourages overcoming the initial jargon barrier and recognizing the synergies between cybersecurity and other fields.

“It's just a matter of a language, really. And a lot of the language... you just have to map them.” – Tanya Shastri [19:36]

Stephanie Regan’s Persistence:
Stephanie emphasizes finding genuine interest and passion in cybersecurity to navigate its challenges successfully.

“Finding what you're interested in and sort of sticking with it is my big advice.” – Stephanie Regan [21:26]

David Moulton’s Authenticity:
David highlights the importance of bringing one’s authentic self to the career and recognizing one’s inherent value.

“You can be successful... as long as you bring that passion.” – David Moulton [22:01]

6. Final Takeaways

Encouraging Open-Mindedness:
Sama urges listeners to remain open-minded and apply diverse ways of thinking throughout their careers.

“Stay open minded to how you can apply those different ways of thinking.” – Sama Machanda [23:50]

Celebrating Women in Cybersecurity:
Tanya celebrates her colleagues and the welcoming nature of the cybersecurity industry, encouraging more women to join.

“It's a phenomenal place to be. There are a lot of very impressive people doing impressive stuff...” – Tanya Shastri [24:19]

Community and Mentorship:
Stephanie advocates for giving back to the cyber community and serving as role models for future generations.

“When you're able to give back to your own community... show that this is very possible.” – Stephanie Regan [25:08]

Building Support Networks:
David emphasizes the importance of building support networks and mentoring within the industry to strengthen women’s presence.

“Be able to actually reach that hand back... lend a hand to the next generation of women in tech.” – David Moulton [25:24]

---

Conclusion

Christy Fredericks wraps up the episode by reiterating the significance of the featured women’s contributions and encouraging listeners to pursue careers in cybersecurity with curiosity and confidence.

“If you're listening and thinking about a career in cybersecurity, know that there is a place for you here.” – Christy Fredericks [26:35]

Final Message:
The episode underscores that cybersecurity is not just a technical field but a space for impactful human connections and continuous learning. Aspiring women are encouraged to embrace their unique strengths, seek mentorship, and contribute to shaping the future of the industry.

---

Notable Quotes with Timestamps:

• “What better company to pursue than Palo Alto Networks?” – Sama Machanda [02:07]
• “Securing data became very important to understand.” – Tanya Shastri [03:41]
• “He changed my outlook on so many different...” – Sama Machanda [04:51]
• “We're actually energized by solving these hard problems.” – Tanya Shastri [08:35]
• “I have made an impact on somebody.” – Stephanie Regan [16:48]
• “You can be successful... as long as you bring that passion.” – David Moulton [22:01]

---

This episode serves as an inspiring testament to the vital role women play in cybersecurity, highlighting their leadership, resilience, and the profound impact they have on the industry and society.

Transcript

[David Moulton]

You're listening to the Cyberwire network, powered by N2K.

[Tanya Shastri]

I think we can pick, you know, certain situations where we either delivered some innovation and, or we solved a customer critical issue and things like that. But, you know, over time I think it's, you know, I can't say it's me or I who have done it. It's really a team of people and just working with incredible people like I am now at Palo Alto Networks is, I think, the most substantial way to make it happen.

[Christy Fredericks]

Welcome to threatvector, the Palo Alto Networks podcast where we discuss pressing cybersecurity threats and resilience and uncover insights into the latest industry trends. I'm your host, David Moulton, Director of thought leadership for unit 42. This episode is a special one in honor of Women's History Month. We're highlighting the experiences, insights and advice of four incredible women in cybersecurity leaders here at Palo Alto Networks who are shaping the future of our industry. I spoke with Christy Fredericks, Chief Partnerships Officer at Palo Alto networks, Tanya Shastri, SVP of product management, Sama Machada, consultant at Unit 42, and Stephanie Regan, principal technical architect at Unit 42. These women come from diverse backgrounds, business, network AI, digital forensics. But they all share something in common. A passion for problem solving and making an impact. In this episode, we'll hear about their journeys into cybersecurity and what's kept them engaged and the advice that they have for the next generation of women in this field. Let's start with what brought them into cybersecurity and why they chose to stay.

[Sama Machanda]

Christy Fredricks, Chief Partnerships Officer at Palo Alto Networks can we say I've pursued a career in cybersecurity? When it's been about 14 months out of my career, I was inspired by a couple things. I have always been drawn to mission driven organizations. When I was early in my career, I thought that meant nonprofits. And I spent a little bit of time both in public education as well as in nonprofits and I realized that I believed that I could have a better impact in the for profit sector. I started my career in consulting, having an impact on my clients and making sure their businesses were were operating effectively so that they could have strong careers and add value to their customers. I moved into technology. My first operating role was in the observability space and the mission of that company was to help software run and perform well. And when you think about how much of our day to day life is dependent on software, that felt like an important mission. But there's nothing that really beats keeping the digital way of life safe. So as I was working in observability and making sure software runs properly, you could see how much of an opportunity there was for bad actors to attack software and really impact people's livelihoods, people's experiences. And it just felt like a really important industry. And what better company to pursue than Palo Alto Networks?

[Tanya Shastri]

Tanya Shastri, Senior Vice President of Product Management at Polo, I lead our network security platform and product operation. In my early part of my career I did a bunch of networking because I had studied telecommunications and networking and so on. I had also done some information theory in my masters and that course had always been something I wanted to go back to. So I was very intentional at one point in my career to move to more of a data analytics insights, you know, machine learning, AI, all those kinds of things. And through that process, securing data became very important to understand. And I started working on what we call malicious fault tolerant systems, Byzantine fault tolerance and so on. And that kind of segued my interest into security. And that's what actually brought me to Palo Alto through that interest in security. And it's been so interesting because when it all comes together, actually security is a, there's a lot of analytics and AI, you know, as part of security.

[Stephanie Regan]

My name is Sama Manchanda. I'm a consultant at unit 42. I think my main inspiration when it came to cybersecurity was the very first professor I actually had in cyber. I took a two unit elective in cyber and I just kind of didn't really know what to expect. Lo and behold, a semester later, I was totally hooked. I credit it all to that professor of mine, Joe from usc. He changed my outlook on so many different in so many different ways. He challenged me to like think a different way and opened me up to a whole new world of possibilities. And when I decided that I wanted to pursue cybersecurity also again, he was my mentor also during college he really just was very, very encouraging in terms of like helping guide me through what classes to take, what kind of, you know, career opportunities there were. And so that whole program just totally changed my life in many different ways.

[David Moulton]

My name is Stephanie Regan, principal consultant on the IR team with unit 42. Generally, I have always had a mission driven desire to help others. So everything that we do day in, day out, whether it's working a ransomware recovery case or building a better way to respond during crises, or improving protections to prevent crises from happening in the future, the work that we do day in and day out is impactful to the other people that are on the other side of our services. I was really attracted to cybersecurity and even just the tech field in general, based on the growth and opportunity that is presented in a rapidly evolving environment. So tech is changing every single day. We've seen the advent of AI, we've seen, gosh, so many different implementations of new technologies over the years, that the hunger and desire to just keep learning and growing as the field evolves and change and pivot to the next technology or the next big thing is something that's really exciting. I just hate stagnation. So I'm a person that gets very bored or upset if I'm sitting still and not moving forward in my career, in my life. So I was really attracted to cyber and tech, which in its nature is constantly evolving. And I get to be a lifelong learner and continue to grow as the field develops.

[Christy Fredericks]

It's fascinating to see the different paths that led each of them into cybersecurity, whether it was through AI partnerships, education, or forensic investigations. And yet a common thread among them is that cybersecurity is a field that demands constant learning and problem solving. So what keeps them engaged?

[Sama Machanda]

It really brings it home when you have kids. And for me, actually it was when the kids aged into the sort of grade school years where it's just such a special time and such an exciting time that all of the time that I have, when people ask me what my hobbies are, that's my hobby is raising children, because that's what I do in my spare time. But anytime you're not with them, you want to have that time matter. And a great bonus is that you're creating a better place for them to eventually grow up, live, work, start their careers. And it's just a nice combination when you see, like, I love the time I spend at home and I love the time I spend at work and. And you realize how precious both of those things are. So they really need to matter.

[Tanya Shastri]

Just yesterday in a hallway conversation, you know, there's a few of us who agreed that folks here, we actually get energy from those tough problems. So it isn't like we have to keep our energy up. It's kind of the other way around almost. And each one of us had our own story as to how we stay mission oriented and continue to have the energy for what we do. Personally, on my end, I've, since I was a child, been kind of very interested in the defense forces, you know, the army, Navy, Air Force. At one point, I wanted to be part of a cavalry somewhere because I did a lot of horse riding growing up. And I feel like what I'm doing today has brought me closest to that hope I had as an elementary school child. Right. So it's very interesting how each one of us brings a different perspective and what drives us towards it. But at the end of the day, I think it comes back to the fact that we are actually energized by solving these hard problems. We want to do it.

[Stephanie Regan]

I think when I first got started, I was almost a little overwhelmed just because there's so many different parts of cyber, there's so many different avenues you can go down. And I really just didn't. I kind of like froze and was like, I have no idea what I want to do. I tend to explore some things and I get more interested and it's like, wait, now it's like I can't decide between them. Like, what do I. What am I more interested versus less? And that's one thing where I think unit 42 was really great. When I started working here, nobody ever told me, yeah, don't go down this path. Like, if you're interested in it, like, oh, sorry, you're stuck to only this one box. Like, you can only look into incident response. You can't, you know, explore other sides of cybersecurity. When I started here, I actually had a couple of really cool mentors who took me under their wing, let me watch, let me sort of shadow along and let me explore. And I think that's really what kept me going.

[David Moulton]

I've basically always had a fascination with tinkering and making things faster, better, smoother. I'll take you back to the days where I was running a crime lab out in Hawaii. Kind of what made me probably most proud of my career out in Hawaii was the introduction of rapid DNA. So in Rapid DNA is a very new technology in kind of the crime lab world, and we were really early adopters of it. That was a really, really proud moment of my career to see these tools that we implemented get utilized on a very large and impactful scale that just kind of continues and carries throughout my career, whether it be the X products that we have at palo, or it's, you know, playing with the latest AI platforms and automations, or whether it's kind of just tinkering with anything random that we have within our toolkit of digital forensics and incident response.

[Christy Fredericks]

Security isn't just a job for them, it's a mission and that passion translates into real world impact. I ask each of them to share a moment in their career where they felt that they made a meaningful difference.

[Sama Machanda]

When I'm in with our alliance partners ideating and innovating on how we go to market together, I'll give a couple examples. Deloitte has an AI factory where they are building a scalable way to actually build, deploy and run AI applications for their customers. Really important. It's the way businesses are going to be run. Nobody really knows how to do that. They want a trusted advisor. But none of the partners at Deloitte were really thinking, hey, we've got to be security first in this. Except for some of our security colleagues at Deloitte and the ability for our AI suite of products, AI runtime, AI access, AI spm, to make sure that Deloitte can not only provide that service for their customers, but see around corners and keep it secure was eye opening for the Deloitte partners that I was able to meet at their partner event in Las Vegas in December. And it really resonated as they thought about, you know, it's not just about the new technology, it's about keeping the new technology secure. The initial reaction of the non security partners was, you know, security would be a nice to have, but then when you could articulate actually not only is it a need to have, it's a relatively straightforward thing to incorporate from the jump because of Palo Alto's suite of products. So the fact that I was able to be there alongside those partners as they were ideating on their AI factory and we were able to bring together our technology, our technologists and their salespeople and partners to create a whole new way of approaching AI was, was an experience I'll remember because it was one of those sort of pinch me moments of how am I able to be a part of this innovation?

[Tanya Shastri]

I won't be shy to say I've had a long career, you know, it's been multiple decades now, so there's certainly been points in time, right? But I think overall over time essentially driving to what's most important. Being able to have the impact really I would ultimately say if I had to kind of really take a step back, it is being able to have the insights on where we have the best leverage that we can have or kind of where can we be most impactful and then bringing a team together of experts. I don't expect myself to know everything and to be able to bring all the answers together at any one point of time, but being able to have the insight of where we need to focus and bringing the right people, appreciating who can be the experts to solve those problems and bringing people together to drive to those solutions, I think is probably what I'd say is the approach I've used that has created impact over time. I think we can pick certain situations where we either delivered some innovation and. Or we solved a customer critical issue and things like that. But over time, I think it's essentially really, I can't say it's me or I who have done it. It's really a team of people. And just working with incredible people like I am now at Palo Alto Networks is, I think, the most substantial way to make it happen.

[Stephanie Regan]

My most impactful moments are always when I'm able to sort of help and guide somebody else. I think my favorite way of thinking about it is that, you know, somebody did this for me. Somebody opened a way up for me and sort of changed my whole thing and encouraged me in some way. So it's always really rewarding when I can kind of give back. And it's like, yeah, it's like some of the people who've done it for me, obviously I can't give it back to them specifically, but the idea of paying it forward, I think really kind of always appeals to me, I guess. And so, yeah, I've had a couple of instances, actually. One, when I was still in school, I was actually. I was a teaching assistant, and that was the very first time I think I kind of had this realization that what I've done is really cool.

[Sama Machanda]

Just now.

[Stephanie Regan]

And I had a student who was struggling. I was a TA for the internal cybersecurity class. And I remember the beginning of the semester, she was really frustrated. She was really struggling and kind of was like, I don't know that this is a great fit. But she sort of stuck with it and the whole semester. And we. We worked together a lot, and we, you know, and she just persisted, really.

[Sama Machanda]

That was.

[Stephanie Regan]

That was the thing. She worked really hard. And at the end of the semester, she. She actually wrote me a handwritten letter. I still have it, actually. And she wrote this card and said, thank you so much for all of your help. Like, because you believed in me and because you said, you know, just keep going. I fully believe in you. She ended up miring in cybersecurity. And so I think that just was like one of my first, like, whoa. Like, okay, what I've done is I've made an impact on somebody.

[David Moulton]

One of the areas that's been Majorly impactful to our ability to respond and incident response engagements is some projects I was working on on automated eradic and containment. So being able to very rapidly ID what's going on in an environment and contain that immediately. So doing things like remediating IOCs, indicators of compromise on disk. So whether that be files, whether it be users, whether it be services that exist, being able to identify those and remediate them right away and actually have that driven by the observation of the tool rather than waiting for analysts to observe particular issues and then actually do them. So that's one that's actually been able to really increase the rate at which we are able to get our clients back to that business as usual and has been a very impactful project for us here at unit 42.

[Christy Fredericks]

Each of these moments highlights the power of cybersecurity, not just in protecting organizations, but, but in shaping careers, driving innovation and even changing lives. And as this industry grows, I ask what advice do they have for the next generation of women looking to break into cybersecurity?

[Sama Machanda]

I didn't enter this industry until 25 years into my career. So by then I had racked up a series of experiences and insights that I could bring to this business. So if you want to be like me, what you would do is start by just learning the fundamentals. Whether it's engineering, which is not, not what I did engineering, computer science, that way of thinking, problem solving, breaking things down that can be applied in other fields, or for me it was business. I was always very passionate about business strategy, ended up getting my mba. I was a consultant for many years. And that's a way of teaching you how to think. That is really foundational and fundamental. So I think early in your career it's just think about how much can I learn? And it's about learning, less so about learning, hey, I'm going to be the absolute expert in a particular technology that will develop and evolve over time. But it's learning how to think and it's learning how to lead people. And there's a lot of different disciplines that can help you do that.

[Tanya Shastri]

Like you said, I haven't been in the cybersecurity space for the entire duration of my career. And when I first joined Palo Alto Networks, in fact, within the first few days I had 200 plus acronyms that were kind of specific to cybersecurity. I've had people talk to me about the cybersecurity space being like the gaming industry, for example. You know, you're either a gamer or you're not. You're either a cybersecurity person or you're not. And actually, when I look at it a little fundamentally, I think it really is related. Sometimes the perception is because of the language. Right. The point I made about 200 acronyms in the first few days. Once you get over that and you understand what the core principles are or what those acronyms really mean, I think there are. So it's not like it's a different industry. Dramatically. There's a lot of synergies between what happens here in the cybersecurity world and everywhere else. That perception that it is you're either a cybersecurity person or you're not, I think is not accurate. And I'd love for people to be aware that it's just a matter of a language, really. And a lot of the language, it's like there's a term in the cybersecurity space, there is another term in another space which means the same thing. You just have to map them. And then once you have the language figured out, I think everything else follows very quickly. And it is a very welcoming industry. I think, in a way, our CEO Nikesh, will say, right, he was new to the cybersecurity space when he joined Palo Alto Networks, and the impact he's had is just phenomenal. So I think everyone should have the awareness that you can get into this industry. There is a lot of value to be generated. It's a good place to be, and with the right mindset, no reason why someone shouldn't try.

[Stephanie Regan]

Finding what you're interested in and sort of sticking with it is my big advice. I think there are certainly a lot of challenges that come with being in a field like this, and certain subsets more than others, definitely. Especially like, you know, some fields might be more. Might feel more demanding. They might feel like, you know, there's a lot more on the line and that, you know, you kind of have to be around 24 7, or that there's a lot more pressure in certain situations, I think. So I think the fine line there is, again, finding something that you're genuinely interested in and making sure that it is sort of something that you are passionate about.

[David Moulton]

The field has been growing rapidly, and I think more and more doors are opening every single day. One thing that I would say as far as the advice to the next generation, or even the current generation of people is actually comes from another podcast that I was listening to recently, which was, we can do hard things with Glenn and Abby and Reese Witherspoon. Actually, that we're talking about basically that most people, and especially women, always have this subconscious that we're either doing too much or not enough. And we're never quite in that sweet spot of where we want to be in our careers. You know, they went into a lot of reasons on why that is, but generally I think the kind of takeaway there was that you can be successful. And I feel like, you know, I've been able to be successful in my career and I've actually been able to bring my authentic self and my passion to that career and be successful. I definitely fall into that sometimes thinking, you know, I need to do more than everybody else just to get to the same level. But that is not necessarily the reality of things. And know that usually you have a seat at the table for a reason and that you bring the tools that you need to be able to be successful as long as you bring that passion.

[Christy Fredericks]

Their advice is clear. Be curious, find mentors, keep learning, and most importantly, know that you belong in cybersecurity. But before we wrap up, I wanted to ask them one final question. What's the one thing that they wanted you, the listeners, to take away from this conversation?

[Sama Machanda]

Throughout your career, stay open minded to how you can apply those different ways of thinking. So I've been in a number of different functions, but it started with being a consultant for 17 years where you jump from problem to problem and you bring the same toolkit of sort of first principle thinking, problem solving, breaking things down into their components, doing a whole bunch of analysis. And that served me well in a bunch of different fields and will continue to serve me well.

[Tanya Shastri]

I have had the amazing opportunity to work with so many wonderful women here at Palo Alto Networks. I can rattle off many names. We have pj, who does our red teaming stuff, who's just awesome. We have May Wang, who's our CTO for IoT and has done a bunch of fascinating things with AI and ML, of course. Wendy, such an amazing leader who led all of unit 42. We have Mira, who's leading all our it. So I just think it's just a phenomenal place to be. There are a lot of very impressive people doing impressive stuff and like I said, it's a welcoming industry and I'd love to see more women just enjoy the work that is available to all of us to do here.

[Stephanie Regan]

When you're able to give back to your own community and say, okay, yeah, the cyber community has given me so much and I really hope that, yeah, like, I'm able to serve as an example and show that this is very possible, it's very doable and it's a great, you know, career to get into and it's a great place to be.

[David Moulton]

Look around you and you know, especially to the women already in the field, you know, be able to actually reach that hand back. Um, so for people coming up in the next generation really being able to say, hey, I can go reach out to Stephanie, I can go reach out to the women in the fields already to really grab support and kind of see how, how they became successful in the field. The other thing is for women that are already in the field to reach back, to actually lend a hand to the next generation of women in tech and really utilize that to be able to, to further women's footprint within the cyber security and in the digital forensics incident response field and in the tech field in general.

[Christy Fredericks]

I want to thank Christy, Tanya, Sama and Stephanie for joining me on this special Women's History Month episode of Threat Vector. Their stories and insights remind us that cybersecurity isn't just about technology. It's about people, connections and making a real impact. If you're listening and thinking about a career in cybersecurity, know that there is a place for you here. Keep learning, stay curious and surround yourself with people who challenge and inspire you. That's it for today. If you like what you've heard, please subscribe wherever you listen and leave us a review on Apple Podcasts or Spotify. Your reviews and feedback really do help us understand why what you want to hear about. If you want to reach out to me about the show, email me at threatvector palo alto networks.com I want to thank our executive producer, Michael Heller, our content and production teams, which include Kenny Miller, Joe Benecourt and Virginia Tran. Elliot Peltzman edits the show and mixes the audio. We'll be back next week. Until then, stay secure, stay vigilant. It goodbye for now.