Deep Dive in Design: Episode Summary – "Classical Architecture with Peter Penoyer"

Release Date: June 18, 2025
Host: Dara Caponigro
Guest: Peter Penoyer, Renowned Architect

Introduction

In this engaging episode of Deep Dive in Design, Dara Caponigro welcomes esteemed architect Peter Penoyer to explore the enduring allure of classical architecture. Their conversation delves into the nuances of classical design, its relevance in modern architecture, and Peter's personal experiences in the field.

The Resonance of Classical Architecture

Dara Caponigro opens the discussion by expressing her deep connection to classical architecture, describing it as the foundation of her architectural perception.

"Classical architecture is almost like my reality. ... based on a system of proportion and harmony and beauty."
— Dara Caponigro [00:52]

Peter Penoyer probes into Dara's affinity for classical architecture, prompting her to elaborate on how it shapes her architectural vision.

Dara emphasizes that classical principles can be subtly integrated into modern designs without overt classical elements like columns.

Inspirational Buildings and Architects

The conversation shifts to notable examples of classical architecture, particularly in New York City.

Dara highlights the New York Public Library as a paramount example of classical architecture, praising its comprehensive design—from the grand exterior to meticulous interior details.

"The New York Public Library... incredible achievement on so many levels."
— Dara Caponigro [02:26]

She contrasts monumental structures with the more intimate, anonymous streetscapes of neighborhoods like Park Avenue, appreciating how these environments collectively create a beautiful and human-centric urban experience.

Classical Architecture in Modern Living

Peter acknowledges Dara's recent project, The Benson apartment building on Madison Avenue, and inquires about the balance between classical design and the needs of modern families.

Dara discusses the misconception that classical architecture is rigid and outmoded. She explains how her designs incorporate open-plan layouts while adhering to classical proportions and harmony.

"We tend to do plans that actually, if you don't look at the architecture, the walls look like open plan."
— Dara Caponigro [05:09]

She provides a personal example, describing her own home's open first floor, which facilitates seamless interaction between spaces—a modern necessity achieved through classical design principles.

Designing Personal Spaces

The dialogue transitions to Dara's approach to designing her own house in Millbrook. She shares her initial sketches inspired by historic villas like Sir Johnson's Pitshanger Manor and the collaborative process with her partner, Gregory Gilmartin.

"We knew how many bedrooms, and we knew that we wanted the kids to have bathrooms... these little things became challenges to weave them into one design."
— Dara Caponigro [14:59]

Peter notes the harmonious collaboration between Dara and her interior designer, Katie, highlighting the importance of allowing each professional to maintain their creative autonomy.

Architecture’s Relationship with the Land

Dara elaborates on the significance of a house's placement within its natural surroundings. She expresses a desire for designs that allow visibility from all directions and frame natural vistas effectively.

"If you can also orient it to a distant view or some view and literally think about how the important rooms frame that view... that's the magical part for me."
— Dara Caponigro [18:05]

She shares an example from her project for writer Louis Auchincloss, where the library's positioning captures the sweeping valley views of the Catskills, illustrating how architecture can interact seamlessly with the landscape.

Classical vs. Modern Architecture

Reflecting on past collaborations, Dara discusses her critical perspective on modern architecture. She appreciates minimalist designs but finds them less resonant compared to the layered complexity of classical architecture.

"I prefer architecture that has layers and complexity and isn't oversimplified."
— Dara Caponigro [19:43]

Peter recalls their joint experience judging the Institute of Classical Architecture awards, noting Dara's skepticism towards modern styles that may not age gracefully.

Dara concurs, pointing out that many modern buildings lack the timelessness of classical structures and often require extensive modifications to maintain their aesthetic appeal over time.

The Longevity of Architectural Styles

Dara reflects on why classical architecture endures, suggesting that its continual evolution and the dialogue between past and present make it perpetually relevant.

"Everything that we do today is building on all the buildings we've left in the past... there's a continuity and a shared kind of language."
— Dara Caponigro [07:29]

She shares her fascination with how each generation reinterprets classical principles, ensuring that classical architecture remains dynamic and innovative.

Impact of Architecture on Behavior

Peter inquires whether Dara believes good architecture influences how people behave. Dara responds thoughtfully, acknowledging that while architecture can enhance comfort and dignity, it doesn't control behavior.

"There are some rooms that make us all feel comfortable... it's a constant reminder of how we have to work on our skills and our craft."
— Dara Caponigro [08:52]

She explains that harmonious and well-designed spaces can elevate the user's experience, fostering a sense of dignity and order.

Design Process and Client Collaboration

Dara outlines her collaborative approach with clients, emphasizing the importance of visual communication and comprehensive planning.

"Have people show me pictures or talk about buildings they like... it's a helpful way of having conversations about design using visuals."
— Dara Caponigro [09:41]

She stresses the necessity of compiling detailed lists of desired rooms and features to balance client aspirations with practical design constraints, ensuring the final project is both beautiful and functional.

Advice for Aspiring Architects

Towards the episode's conclusion, Dara offers valuable guidance for budding architects:

1. Travel and Sketch: Engage with diverse architectural styles firsthand.
2. Study Intentions: Understand the motivations and challenges behind different architectural movements.
3. Collaborate: Focus on solving specific architectural problems and leverage specialized expertise.

"Travel and look and sketch... try to solve architectural problems and not start out by trying to solve global problems."
— Dara Caponigro [24:32]

She encourages young architects to appreciate the collaborative nature of the profession and to continuously refine their craft through study and practical experience.

Closing Remarks

Dara and Peter conclude the episode by reflecting on their shared passion for classical architecture and its profound impact on the built environment. Dara reiterates the importance of embracing tradition while fostering innovation, leaving listeners with a deeper appreciation for the timeless qualities of classical design.

Notable Quotes with Timestamps:

• "Classical architecture is almost like my reality... system of proportion and harmony and beauty." — Dara Caponigro [00:52]
• "The New York Public Library... incredible achievement on so many levels." — Dara Caponigro [02:26]
• "We tend to do plans that actually, if you don't look at the architecture, the walls look like open plan." — Dara Caponigro [05:09]
• "If you can also orient it to a distant view... that's the magical part for me." — Dara Caponigro [18:05]
• "I prefer architecture that has layers and complexity and isn't oversimplified." — Dara Caponigro [19:43]
• "Everything that we do today is building on all the buildings we've left in the past... there's a continuity and a shared kind of language." — Dara Caponigro [07:29]
• "Have people show me pictures or talk about buildings they like... it's a helpful way of having conversations about design using visuals." — Dara Caponigro [09:41]
• "Travel and look and sketch... try to solve architectural problems and not start out by trying to solve global problems." — Dara Caponigro [24:32]

This comprehensive discussion between Dara Caponigro and Peter Penoyer offers valuable insights into the enduring relevance of classical architecture, its harmonious integration with modern living, and practical advice for emerging architects. Whether you're an architecture enthusiast or a professional in the field, this episode provides a profound exploration of design principles that stand the test of time.