American politics is trapped in a duopoly, with two all-powerful parties colluding to stifle competition. We revisit a 2018 episode to explain how the political industry works, and talk to a reformer (and former presidential candidate) who is pushing for change.

SOURCES:
- Katherine Gehl, former president and C.E.O. of Gehl Foods.
- Michael Porter, professor at Harvard Business School.
- Andrew Yang, co-chair of the Forward Party and former U.S. presidential candidate.

RESOURCES:
- "Why U.S. Politics Is Broken — and How to Fix It," by Andrew Yang (TED, 2024).
- The Politics Industry: How Political Innovation Can Break Partisan Gridlock and Save Our Democracy, by Michael Porter and Katherine Gehl (2020).
- “Why Competition in the Politics Industry is Failing America,” Katherine Gehl and Michael Porter (Harvard Business School, 2017).
- “Stronger Parties, Stronger Democracy: Rethinking Reform,” by Ian Vandewalker and Daniel I. Weiner (Brennan Center for Justice, 2015).
- On Competition, by Michael Porter (2008).
- Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors, by Michael Porter (1980).

EXTRAS:
- "Andrew Yang Is Not Giving Up on Politics — or the U.S. — Yet," by People I (Mostly) Admire (2021).
- "The Future of New York City Is in Question. Could Andrew Yang Be the Answer?" by Freakonomics Radio (2021).
- "Why Is This Man Running for President? (Update)," by Freakonomics Radio (2019).
- “Ten Ideas to Make Politics Less Rotten,” Freakonomics Radio (2016).