Europe tells US ‘Greenland belongs to its people’

Summary

Global News Podcast – Europe tells US ‘Greenland belongs to its people’

BBC World Service | Host: Valerie Sanderson | Date: January 6, 2026

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Episode Overview

This episode centers on European leaders rallying behind Denmark after President Trump’s suggestion that the US might annex Greenland, affirming that decisions about Greenland’s future rest solely with its people and Denmark. The program then pivots to breaking and in-depth coverage of: negotiations over Ukraine’s security in Paris, a tragic nightclub fire in Switzerland, major political upheaval in Venezuela following US-led intervention, the global recall of Nestlé baby formula, conservation news on the death of Kenya’s “super tusker” elephant, and the rising global fitness trend, Hyrox. Throughout, the tone is urgent, analytical, and global in scope.

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Key Stories & Discussion Points

1. European Backing for Denmark Over Greenland (01:08 – 03:09)

• Valerie Sanderson opens the episode with news that European leaders—including France, Germany, and Britain—have issued a strong statement rejecting US territorial ambitions on Greenland, reaffirming European solidarity with Denmark.
• Emphasis on the principle: "only the people of Denmark and Greenland themselves can decide what happens to their land." (02:08)
• Quote:
  • Dickie Hall (Poland’s Prime Minister Donald Tusk), 02:42:
    “European solidarity and respect for the integrity of European states are fundamental issues. So of course Denmark can count on the solidarity, solidarity of all Europe… We must do everything to ensure that European American ties do not suffer in the coming days and months as a result of various announcements, decisions or misunderstandings.”
• The stance comes amid heightened sensitivities due to ongoing US military actions globally and delicate negotiations over Ukraine’s security structure.

2. Ukraine Security Talks in Paris (03:09 – 06:46)

• Reporting from Paris, correspondent Hugh Schofield highlights the diplomatic tightrope European leaders—especially France’s Macron—must walk: balancing support for Denmark with the necessity of US cooperation on Ukraine.
• Macron criticized domestically for being “mealy mouthed” on US actions, but prioritizes “not antagonizing Trump” due to his crucial role in Ukraine negotiations. (03:41)
• Optimism for an agreement on security guarantees for Ukraine, possibly with US signature, matching European aims for a multinational force, juridical guarantees, but lacking operational details for flexibility (alluding to “fuzzy language”).
• Quote:
  • Hugh Schofield, 05:14:
    “For the first time there is a measured degree of optimism… By the end of today… the Americans come on board publicly with a guarantee for a security structure for Ukraine in the event of a ceasefire.”

3. Switzerland Nightclub Fire: Regulatory Failings (06:46 – 10:30)

• Report on Le Constellation nightclub fire in Crans, Montana, killing 40, mainly young people.
• Town mayor Nicolas Ferraud and council admit no fire safety checks occurred between 2020–2025, sparking public anger and media scrutiny.
• Quote:
  • Mayor Nicolas Ferraud (via Announcer), 07:33:
    “Periodic inspections were not conducted between 2020 and 2025... We bitterly regret this.”
• Immediate ban on indoor fireworks and sparklers, with ongoing investigations into governmental responsibility and possible resignations.
• Imogen Fuchs, 09:18:
  • “It’s not a surprise that one of Switzerland’s major newspapers… come out with a picture of the mayor and a headline just saying, complete disaster… many, many questions about whether local authorities are really taking their powers as seriously as they need to.”

4. Venezuela: Maduro Deposed, Machado Pledges Return (10:30 – 17:37)

• Detailed rundown of the political crisis: President Maduro removed by US forces, Vice President Delcy Rodriguez sworn in as acting president.
• Exiled opposition figure Maria Corina Machado speaks to returning, stresses mission-driven life in hiding, and skepticism towards the new interim leadership under Rodriguez.
• Quote:
  • Maria Corina Machado, 10:52:
    “Every day I make a decision where I am more useful for a cost. That’s why I stayed in hiding for over 16 months… I’m planning to go as soon as possible back home.”
• Streets of Caracas remain subdued, with “collectivos” and police forces maintaining a climate of fear despite some Venezuelans expressing cautious optimism about Maduro’s removal.
• Quotes from Venezuelans (border interviews, 14:16):
  • Nalhi: “I’m optimistic. I don’t see the intervention by the US as a negative thing…”
  • Marisela: “It’s spectacular news Maduro is gone… But we’ve been waiting 25 years for this.”
• Analysis: Uncertainty about the future, fear of reprisals remains high, and doubts about a peaceful transition or US intentions.
• Quote:
  • Anonymous protester from Caracas, 16:03:
    “There’s a mix of emotions, there’s an emotion of absurdity, there is an emotion of hope… You can’t really go out to protest. I delete my phone every time I go out of my house.”

5. Global Recall: Nestlé Baby Formula (20:12 – 21:37)

• Ella Bicknell reports:
  • Nestlé recalls 11 baby formula products globally due to contamination risk with cereulide, a toxin causing food poisoning and unaffected by boiling.
  • Products impacted under different brand names (SMA in UK/Ireland, Biber and Alfera in Germany/Austria).
  • Consumers instructed not to use affected batches; immediate refunds and clear communication via retailers.
• Nestlé statement:
  • “The safety and well-being of babies is an absolute priority.”

6. Kenya Mourns “Super Tusker” Craig the Elephant (21:37 – 25:32)

• Legendary elephant Craig dies at 54. Symbolic for anti-poaching success and Maasai community ties.
• Interview: Joan Yika, Amboseli Conservancy (22:16–25:32)
  • Describes Craig as “majestic, iconic king of the landscape… a conflict free individual… quite friendly to the people.”
  • Craig avoided poaching due to extensive community ranger involvement; not held in captivity; “zero cases of poaching in Amboseli.”
• Notable moments:
  • Joan Yika: “The security situation in Amboseli has been boosted by the role of communities… We have zero cases of poaching in Amboseli because of community rangers.” (24:57)

7. Fitness Trend: Hyrox’s Global Explosion (25:32 – 28:40)

• Rising popularity of Hyrox, a combined running and strength fitness competition.
• Segment at a London Hyrox gym:
  • Costs high, competitions worldwide, “community” aspect foregrounded.
• Quotes:
  • Alana Faulkner, Hyrox athlete, 26:15:
    “All my holidays revolved around Hyrox… I also love, and I think a lot of females will agree… you like a matching outfit, so you’ve got to get that.”
  • Evgenia, gym owner, 27:54:
    “You can do Hyrox anywhere, that’s the beauty… This is something that’s increasing in popularity… We just get people to try once and they see how fun it is, how many people they can meet and how much they can get involved in it.”

8. Preserving Ernest Shackleton’s Legacy in South Georgia (28:40 – 32:25)

• Restoration work on South Georgia’s Stromness Whaling Station, linked to Shackleton’s epic journey.
• Interview: Dickie Hall, project manager (30:01):
  • Highlights significance of the manager’s villa, connection to Shackleton’s safe return after Antarctic ordeal.
  • Discovery of century-old signatures and construction marks during renovations.
  • Shackleton’s enduring appeal as a reason for visitors to South Georgia.
• Key moment:
  • “This building is a real link… to a very key moment in Shackleton’s life… Not a single loss of life on his entire team, despite 18 months of arduous conditions in which few others would have survived.” (30:01)

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Memorable Quotes & Timestamps

• Polish PM (Dickie Hall, 02:42):
  “Denmark can count on the solidarity, solidarity of all Europe.”
• Hugh Schofield, on Macron’s caution (03:41):
  “He played it a very, very cool hand and did not publicly attack America at all. That angered a lot of people in Europe…”
• Town mayor on Swiss fire checks (07:33):
  “We bitterly regret this.”
• Maria Corina Machado (10:52):
  “Every day I make a decision where I am more useful for a cost.”
• Venezuelan protester (16:03):
  “I delete my phone every time I go out of my house.”
• Joan Yika on community rangers (24:57):
  “The security situation in Amboseli has been boosted by the role of communities… zero cases of poaching.”
• Hyrox athlete Alana Faulkner (26:15):
  “All my holidays revolved around Hyrox…”

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Important Segment Timestamps

• 01:08 – Main headlines; Greenland, Ukraine, Switzerland fire
• 02:08 – European leaders’ Greenland statement
• 02:42 – Poland’s message of solidarity
• 03:41 – Macron’s balancing act (Hugh Schofield in Paris)
• 05:14 – Optimism for Ukraine security deal
• 07:33 – Swiss mayor’s apology after nightclub fire
• 10:52 – Maria Corina Machado vows to return to Venezuela
• 14:16 – Venezuelans reflect on Maduro’s removal
• 16:03 – Fear and uncertainty in Caracas
• 20:12 – Nestlé baby formula recall
• 22:16 – Craig the super tusker’s legacy in Kenya
• 25:32 – Hyrox: new global fitness craze
• 28:40 – Shackleton heritage restoration in South Georgia

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Summary

A fast-moving, global episode—tying together the sharpest developments in geopolitics (Greenland, Ukraine, Venezuela), public safety (Swiss nightclub fire, Nestlé baby formula recall), conservation (Craig the elephant), lifestyle (Hyrox fitness), and historic legacy (Shackleton)—with extensive expert insight, memorable on-the-ground voices, and a consistent emphasis on both the complexity and human impact of the world’s biggest headlines.

Transcript

[Narrator/Announcer]

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[Valerie Sanderson]

This is the Global News podcast from the BBC World Service. I'm Valerie Sanderson and at 1600 hours GMT on Tuesday the 6th of January. These are our main stories. European leaders back Denmark after President Trump's threat to annex Greenland, an autonomous part of the NATO ally. It comes as talks are held in Paris on Ukraine's security. If a ceasefire is agreed with Russia, it's emerged no proper safety checks were carried out for five years. At a bar in Switzerland where 40 people died in a fire, Venezuela's exiled opposition leader says she'll return also in this podcast as the new year prompts people to get fit. Why does the fitness challenge Hyrox appeal?

[Annabelle Rackham]

It's very addictive and many people when they first try it, they absolutely get hooked. Straight away. They see how fun it is, how many people they can meet and how much they can get involved in it.

[Valerie Sanderson]

As Donald Trump doubles down on his territorial ambitions for Greenland, European leaders gave what sounded like a warning to the US President. In a joint statement, France, Germany, Britain and others declared firmly that the Danish territory is out of bounds, saying only the people of Denmark and Greenland themselves themselves can decide what happens to their land. Speaking ahead of a meeting in Paris to discuss post war plans for Ukraine, Poland's Prime Minister Donald Tusk said Denmark could count on European solidarity.

[Interviewee/Expert (various, e.g., Joan Yika, anonymous man, etc.)]

We are very keen for any potential.

[Dickie Hall]

Disputes to be resolved through friendly dialogue between NATO members. European solidarity and respect for the integrity of European states are fundamental issues. So of course Denmark can count on the solidarity, solidarity of all Europe. We must do everything to ensure that European American ties do not suffer in the coming days and months as a result of various announcements, decisions or misunderstandings.

[Valerie Sanderson]

Some EU leaders have faced criticism for not taking a tougher stance with President Trump over the US Military action in Venezuela and the seizure of Nicolas Maduro. But there's been steadfast support for Ukraine. Another draft statement was released which talks of binding commitments to support Kyiv in the case of a future army attack by Moscow. The hope is that President Trump's special envoy, Steve Witkoff, and his son in law, Jared Kushner, will support that view at the summit in Paris. Our correspondent Hugh Schofield in the French capital told me more.

[Hugh Schofield]

There was an awful lot of criticism of leaders like President Macron for being mealy mouthed, woolly in their reaction to Venezuela. You know, President Macron, for example, in his initial statement said nothing about international rights or sovereignty. You know, he played it a very, very cool hand and did not publicly attack America at all. That angered a lot of people in Europe, certainly in France, where other leaders, including the far right National Front, were much more forthright in criticizing America. And so there's, as a result, I think, pressure on people like Macron and others in Europe to say something and to stand by Denmark, of course, which is at the heart of all of this. But, you know, the point is that Macron and the others are playing a very delicate balancing act because they need to keep America on board at a very crucial time in the Ukraine talks. That's what's happening here now in Paris. The Elysees. The palace where I am now is where Steve Witkoff, Jared Kushner, Volodymyr Zelensky, Ben de Macron are right this moment possibly settling the, the future of a kind of structure for security guarantees for Ukraine in the event of a ceasefire. So at this key juncture, Macron has clearly decided he does not want to antagonize President Trump, because right now he's absolutely crucial to their plans for securing a deal in Ukraine.

[Valerie Sanderson]

And that is what, as you said, these talks today in Paris are all about. What can realistically be achieved, do you think?

[Hugh Schofield]

Well, I mean, for the first time, there is a measured degree of optimism notwithstanding the cataclysmic events which have taken place in, in Venezuela and the threat to Greenland. But, you know, now there is the possibility by the end of today, and certainly this is what the French and British are hoping for, that the Americans come on board publicly with a guarantee for a security structure for Ukraine in the event of a ceasefire. This plan, this guaranteed, would involve support for the, for the Ukrainian armed forces with, with American backing for that support to the Ukrainian armed forces. It would involve a multinational force, not including the Americans, though that's not ruled out on the ground in parts of Ukraine, helping with Ukrainian air and sea power, British, French, Turks may be involved in that. It'll involve as well some kind of juridically binding guarantee to act in some undefined way. If there is a breach by Russia of this putative ceasefire, we won't have anything written down and explaining point by point, what will happen, who will be where, and so on. That's not going to happen. They cite reasons of military secrecy and so on for that. Maybe it's more that the language is in itself fuzzy and needs to be fuzzy because they haven't actually agreed on all the fine points. But nonetheless, what they hope is at the end of the day, for the first time, there will be American commitment and signature on this plan.

[Valerie Sanderson]

Hugh Schofield in Paris. And for more on this story, you can go on YouTube, search for BBC News, click on the logo, then choose Podcasts and Global News Podcast. There's a new story available every weekday next to Switzerland, where officials have admitted that the bar in which a catastrophic fire took place on New Year's Day had no regular fire safety checks for years. 40, mostly young people were killed when the fire ripped through Le Constellation bar in Crans, Montana. The authorities say 83 people remain in hospital, some of them with horrific burns. At a news conference at the Alpine ski resort, the mayor of Crans, Montana, Nicolas Ferraud, said he was profoundly sorry that adequate checks had not been carried out.

[Narrator/Announcer]

As you can see, periodic inspections were not conducted between 2020 and 2025. The municipal council became aware of this fact when it consulted the documents submitted to the public prosecutor's office this weekend. We bitterly regret this.

[Valerie Sanderson]

A correspondent in Switzerland, Imogen Fuchs, told me more about that news conference.

[Imogen Fuchs]

The entire town council of Cramontana was there, including the safety officers. But it was only really the mayor who spoke to us journalists. As you said, no inspection since 2019, no explanation of why that had happened. They're supposed to be carried out in places like bars and restaurants every year. There should be a regular inspection. There was no note of the sound insulation foam. It hadn't been viewed to be a risk, I think, even when the bar was last inspected. But what is really, I think, is going to be very shocking for Swiss people is that town Council appeared not to know why there had been this gap in inspections. But it's their responsibility. Town councils have big powers in Switzerland. The people vote for them and they like this devolved system. So the Swiss journalists at this press conference were quite, well, I wouldn't say hostile, but they repeatedly asked the mayor whether he'd considered resigning. He said no, he wanted to take part in the investigation. He bitterly regretted the fact that the inspections hadn't taken place and that the law would have to take its course.

[Valerie Sanderson]

So what measures are being introduced immediately?

[Imogen Fuchs]

So immediately they are banning these sparklers and indoor fireworks, which are quite common in Switzerland at New Year. They will be banned immediately, but there will still be questions about what was, in fact, widespread social media pictures well before this fire from 2024, even, I believe, of people on each other's shoulders waving sparklers very close to the ceiling. I think they, you know, you would think a town council would notice some of this in a very popular bar where hundreds of people, you know, danced and had fun regularly. So there are questions. People are really, really asking questions. It's not a surprise that one of Switzerland's major newspapers is just within hours of that press conference, come out with a picture of the mayor and a headline just saying, complete disaster. Obviously, it's not for us to judge the investigation and what prosecutions there might be, but I think there are many, many questions about whether local authorities are really taking their powers as seriously as they need to.

[Valerie Sanderson]

Imogen. Folks. The international figurehead of Venezuela's opposition has described the capture of President Maduro as a huge step forward for humanity. Speaking to Fox News in her first televised interview since the dramatic events of Saturday, the exiled politician Annabell peace laureate Maria Corina Machado pledged to return to Venezuela.

[Imogen Fuchs]

I'm planning to go back to Venezuela as soon as possible. Every day I make a decision where I am more useful for a cost. That's why I stayed in hiding for over 16 months, and that's why I decided to go out, because I believed that at this moment I'm more useful to our costs, being able to speak out from where I am right now. But I'm planning to go as soon as possible back home.

[Valerie Sanderson]

But over the weekend, President Trump dismissed the idea of working with Ms. Machado. He said she didn't have the support within the country. Ms. Machado has warned that Nicolas Maduro's deputy, Delsey Rodriguez, who has been formally sworn in as the country's acting president, can't be trusted. Venezuela's new interim leader faces huge challenges as she walks the tightrope between keeping her socialist base in the country happy while also avoiding conflict with Washington. Our Latin America correspondent Will Grant reports.

[Interviewee/Expert (various, e.g., Joan Yika, anonymous man, etc.)]

Del C. Rodriguez Gomez Tet at almost.

[Narrator/Announcer]

The exact moment Nicolas Maduro appeared in court in New York, his former vice president, Del Cid Rodriguez was sworn in as his replacement. With that, she became Venezuela's first woman president and only the third person to lead the country this century barring a short lived coup in 2002. Yet she showed no signs of celebration. Instead, flanked by grim faced military men, she denounced Maduro's removal from Venezuelan soil by elite US Troops as a kidnapping. We have two heroes being held hostage in the United States of America, she said of Mr. Maduro and his wife, Celia Flores.

[Interviewee/Expert (various, e.g., Joan Yika, anonymous man, etc.)]

Simon Bolivar.

[Narrator/Announcer]

Earlier, to a packed chamber, the first deputy to speak was Nicolas Maduro Guerra, the son of the deposed former president, and he launched into a passionate defense of his father. If we normalize the kidnapping of a head of state, no country is safe, he said. Today it's Venezuela. Tomorrow it could be any nation that refuses to submit. This is a direct threat to global political stability, he added. Meanwhile, the Colombian government has ramped up its troop numbers on its side of the border, fearing regional instability. The Simon Bolivar bridge between the two neighbours is abuzz with traders, motorbike taxis ferrying people back and forth and foot traffic, and people here are getting on with the business of daily life. But this border region is largely controlled by left wing guerrilla groups allied with the socialist government in Venezuela, and many fear it could be affected by either an uptick in violence or an exodus of Venezuelans fleeing worsening circumstances and even more authoritarianism. We spoke to Venezuelans as they crossed the bridge into Colombia, and most expressed quiet satisfaction at the removal of Nicolas Maduro, even if it came via US Military power. We're in shock, said Nalhi, a Venezuelan who splits her time between the two nations. I don't see the intervention by the US As a negative thing, she added. I'm optimistic. Her friend Marisela was even more pleased. It's spectacular news Maduro is gone, she said. The very best news. But we've been waiting 25 years for this. What we've been through in Venezuela is unbelievable. Maricela added that she considered Del Cid Rodriguez to be a temporary fix and that eventually the Trump administration would install opposition leader Maria Corina Machado as president. That's what many might have thought when they heard Nicolas Maduro had been forcibly removed from power by Washington, president Machado announced within days. Donald Trump seems to have sidelined the woman who beat him to the Nobel Peace Prize, much to his apparent frustration. Instead, those dancing in the streets in Caracas were the socialists celebrating acting President Rodriguez taking power and demonstrating against US Imperialism. However, that support may soon ebb away if she's as willing to do Washington's bidding as President Trump claims.

[Valerie Sanderson]

Will Grant reporting. Despite the seizure of former President Nicolas Maduro in Venezuela, his opponents have not been seen in big numbers celebrating on the streets. One reason the collectivos armed pro government paramilitaries continue to operate with impunity. The government don't want America's actions at the weekend to become the catalyst for a full blown revolution. Nor perhaps do the Americans who prize stability, especially if Venezuela's oil industry is to be revived. This man who asked not to be named previously participated in protests against President Maduro. But despite being pleased to see the back of him, he hasn't been celebrating publicly.

[Interviewee/Expert (various, e.g., Joan Yika, anonymous man, etc.)]

There's a mix of emotions, there's an emotion of absurdity, there is an emotion of hope. I mean, people, we have lived under the same regime for 27 years. It has been a hard dictatorship for around 10 or 15 years now. We have tried everything. Elections, nonviolent protests, march. And we are stuck. So people, a lot of people logically see this as an alternative polemic as it may be. That procession needs to go on the inside because on the outside in the street it is quiet, it is nervousness. There is still the same secret police, the same political police, the same Gestapo, which is the. And the sevim. Those guys are still the same guys in the street. So you can't really go out to protest. I delete my phone every time I go out of my house.

[Narrator/Announcer]

So although Mr. Maduro has gone, you.

[Dickie Hall]

Don'T think feel able to go out onto the street to Caracas and celebrate his departure?

[Interviewee/Expert (various, e.g., Joan Yika, anonymous man, etc.)]

No, no, I don't feel it's safe to do so because I know Mr. Maduro's regime and what's left of it here.

[Dickie Hall]

How optimistic are you feeling about the future now?

[Interviewee/Expert (various, e.g., Joan Yika, anonymous man, etc.)]

Right now it's a mixed bag. We are not sure what's going to happen. I think there is a chance that a transition happens via Trump's military threats where to have free elections. But it's going to be very tricky. The majority of Venezuelans just want democracy, a normal life, to have food, to have medicines. They just want the regime change. That massive route of popular support is what's going to make this go well. Under the exception that Chavismo goes absolutely crazy and violent, which they have a tendency to do, which is the big.

[Valerie Sanderson]

Threat here, an anonymous man speaking to Sean Lay from the Venezuelan capital of Caracas. Still to come in this podcast, Craig.

[Interviewee/Expert (various, e.g., Joan Yika, anonymous man, etc.)]

The Elephant was a majestic king of the landscape.

[Valerie Sanderson]

Kenya mourns the legendary super tusker, an elephant called Craig, which has died at the age of 54.

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[Interviewee/Expert (various, e.g., Joan Yika, anonymous man, etc.)]

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[Valerie Sanderson]

The giant food company Nestle has issued a global recall of some baby formula products over concerns they contain a toxin which can cause food poisoning. Nestle said specific batches of its SMA Infant Formula and Follow On Formula were not safe to be fed to babies. Ella Bicknell has this report with the.

[Annabelle Rackham]

Power to make you smile in an instant. SMA Follow On Milk the global market for infant formula is valued at more than $90 billion and Nestle is one of its major players. Its warning goes out across several European countries, many of which sells Nestle's baby formula under different names. SMA in the UK and Ireland and Biber and Alfera in Germany and Austria. The recall follows tests that detected a quality issue in an ingredient supplied to Nestle, which may potentially contain cereulide. The toxin is heat resistant and cannot be destroyed by boiling water. It can cause digestive symptoms, including nausea, vomiting and abdominal cramps. This time, Nestle has recalled 11 products in total, has listed batch codes on its website and asked retailers to display recall notices in their shops. Consumers who have purchased affected products have been told not to feed them to their babies and to contact Nestle for a refund. In an online statement, the company said the move was made out of an abundance of caution and that the safety and well being of babies is an absolute priority.

[Valerie Sanderson]

Ella Bicknell In Kenya, tributes have been paid to a beloved elephant, which became a symbol of the country's increasingly successful efforts to protect the animals from ivory poachers. The elephant named Craig died on Saturday at the age of 54. The Maasai community lived closely with Craig and described him as a gentle giant and a living symbol of Africa's natural heritage. Known as a super tusker, he was among the last elephants with tusks weighing more than 45kg each. And so I spoke to Joan Yika, chief warden at Amboseli Conservancy, and asked him why this elephant was so special.

[Interviewee/Expert (various, e.g., Joan Yika, anonymous man, etc.)]

Craig the elephant was a majestic, iconic king of the landscape, so to speak. So he comes from a lineage of elephants with big tuskers.

[Valerie Sanderson]

And just tell me about his relationship with the local community, especially the Maasai.

[Interviewee/Expert (various, e.g., Joan Yika, anonymous man, etc.)]

The relationship between Craig and the Maasais was more spiritual and quite interesting because Craig stayed outside the park most of the time and he only ventures into the park during mating seasons. So he was very comfortable with Hadas, with a pastoralist with the community had he was a conflict free individual. So I just want to say that he was quite friendly to the people.

[Valerie Sanderson]

What would you say made him so? Because we often hear of human wildlife conflict. It's not unheard of to hear conflict between people who have been injured by elephants. What made Craig so special? Was it Training.

[Interviewee/Expert (various, e.g., Joan Yika, anonymous man, etc.)]

Craig was not training. You know, these are wild animals. Craig, he was never in captivity his entire life. He was born wild and he stayed that way till his last day. But he was there. You just find individuals who are friendly, who are polite. Craig, you could see in many pictures he was come very close to, to people, to tourists. So he was used to people, he was just a friendly individual.

[Valerie Sanderson]

And then they carried these huge tasks. I think it's been estimated that they were weighing 45 kilos per individual. How did they manage to survive for so long, especially Craig, without being poached?

[Interviewee/Expert (various, e.g., Joan Yika, anonymous man, etc.)]

We have a network of community rangers who are always by his sides, but also because he never ventured and very few occasions he just ventured cross to Tanzania. But he was a lucky individual. He never broke his task.

[Valerie Sanderson]

And with these long huge tusks that were almost always resting on the ground.

[Dickie Hall]

Did that came at really iconic?

[Valerie Sanderson]

Really iconic, yes. And did that perhaps become a problem for Craig, you know, having to lift them and move around, did it slow him down?

[Interviewee/Expert (various, e.g., Joan Yika, anonymous man, etc.)]

I think there is always this dictum in our Maasai culture that people say that an elephant will never be tired of his task. His big task was not really giving him problem in terms of the weight because it was part of him and.

[Valerie Sanderson]

The fact that he wasn't poached in spite of having these long, heavy tasks. What does it tell us about the anti poaching efforts and habitat protection in the area where Craig lived?

[Interviewee/Expert (various, e.g., Joan Yika, anonymous man, etc.)]

Remember Mboseli, as we have less than 40, so to speak, KWS rangers, but we have more than 600 community rangers or game scouts. So the security situation in Amboseli has been boosted by the role of communities getting involved and employed in the, in the security surveillance of these majestic animals. I can say authoritatively that we have zero cases of poaching in Amboseli because of community rangers.

[Valerie Sanderson]

Joan Ika speaking to Anne Soy. When it comes to making New Year's resolutions, getting fit is a favourite and running is a popular choice. Some might sign up for a marathon. Now a competition called Hyrox is gaining ground. Formed In Germany in 2017, it's one of the biggest amateur and professional fitness events around. But it requires huge commitment and importantly, money, with competitors spending hundreds of pounds on outfits and even more on travel, as Annabelle Rackman has been finding out.

[Annabelle Rackham]

For many of us, a fitness challenge involves notching up the treadmill a bit during a run or lifting slightly heavier weights. But for people taking part in high rocks, that challenge is quite a bit more difficult. It involves a race that combines Running and strength exercises. And after being set up five years ago, more than 1.3 million people are set to take part in a race this year in locations across the world, including the United States, Australia, India and Germany. I'm here in a gym in London that is full of athletes who are getting ready to compete in the coming days. Hi, my name is Alana Faulkner and I'm a Hyrox athlete. What I love about Hyrox is it's such a great community. Like I think it brings together so many people that are enthusiastic about fitness. It's a really like high intensity exercise. Traveling is very expensive, kit is very expensive. Is this all of your money, aside from work that you're putting into Hyrox? All my holidays revolved around Hyrox and yeah, incorporating holidays into events. Shoes, I burn through shoes. Ridiculous amounts, unfortunately. I also love, and I think a lot of females will agree with me on this. When you do a female stuff, do you like a matching outfit? So you've got to get that. Half of us are starting there. Inhale as you come down, exhale as you drive up.

[Imogen Fuchs]

Catch it at the bottom.

[Annabelle Rackham]

My name is Evgenia, I'm the founder and CEO of one London leading high performance functional fitness gym. What are the costs involved in creating your own Hyrox gym specifically? So ultimately you can do Hyrux anywhere, that's the beauty of it. But in order to make a bespoke hierarch space that's fit for training many athletes at the same time and being able to run Hyrax classes, you need.

[Imogen Fuchs]

Somewhere between 50 to 100,000 pounds to.

[Annabelle Rackham]

Really well equip space to provide high performance facility. This is something that is increasing in popularity. How do you attract people to this space? Because on the outside it looks brutal, it like looks difficult, but everyone that is training seems to absolutely love it. The beauty of high performance training, Hyrox, it's very addictive and many people when they first try it, they absolutely get hooked straight away. People do Hyrox races and they sign up again and again and again. And what we find is we just show people through community class, through a lot of community activation. We do a lot of things where we just get people to try once and then they see how fun it is, how many people they can meet and how much they can get involved in it.

[Valerie Sanderson]

Annabelle Rackham. In the South Atlantic, a team is trying to preserve a place tied to one of the great explorers of the 20th century, Sir Ernest Shackleton. Here he is speaking more than a century Ago. The recording is on a wax cylinder.

[Interviewee/Expert (various, e.g., Joan Yika, anonymous man, etc.)]

We landed at Cape Roy in the Antarctica under the great volcano Mount Erebus at the beginning of February. On 3 March, a party ascended that mountain encountering severe blizzard and for the first time in human history, the Great Mountain Erebus, 13,350ft high, was ascended by men.

[Valerie Sanderson]

A team from the Saving Shackleton Heritage Project is on the remote island of South Georgia, working to shore up the manager's villa at the old Stromness Whaling station. This is where Shackleton arrived back in 1916 after a brutal trek across the island with two crew members. He was dirty and exhausted and one of the first things he heard was, who the hell are you? Well, the explorer used the station as a base while organising the rescue of the rest of his men who were stranded after their ship, the Endurance, became trapped in ice. Shonle spoke to Dickie hall from Intrepid Solutions, who's managing the restoration and is heading back to the site on board the vessel Meridian.

[Dickie Hall]

This building is a real link, not only just to Shackleton, but to a very key moment in Shackleton's life. He is undoubtedly famous for his disastrous journey to the Pole, the sinking of his ship, but he's famous for the way he rose to the occasion and he mustered his men, he inspired them and ultimately saved his men. Not a single loss of life on his entire team, despite 18 months of arduous conditions in which few others would have survived. And this building is a direct link to that very key moment in Shackleton's history and his life. It is the point that he got back to civilization. That is the first building that he got to that marked for him success in saving his men. Because he knew when he was back there he had a real fighting chance of getting help from outside to go and rescue his men from Elephant Island. I just wondered, when you were in.

[Hugh Schofield]

The villa, have you found any signs.

[Dickie Hall]

At all of that connection? Is there any of that past still visible? I don't suppose by any chance anyone scratched their initials on the inside of the wall? We have been keeping a very close lookout for any historical evidence because we're delving into the very fabric of the building as it was constructed in 1913. We are pulling out timbers which need replacing and some of those have pencil drawings on them or signatures from some of the people who built the structure back in 1913 and maybe who've dated it over the years when the whaling station was running. I suppose it's fair to say, isn't it, that Shackleton is still one of the reasons that many of the 18,000 or so people who visit the island every year come to South Georgia because of that connection, because of the legacy of his exploration. Absolutely. He is very much the face of the exploration from South Georgia. If you ask anybody about why they're coming down here on the cruise ships, many of them will refer to Shackleton. He is buried here. He died not far from South Georgia on one of his later expeditions. And every single one of his expeditions really was linked to and through South Georgia. The intention of this work is to stabilize the building and save it for future generations to take it to the world.

[Valerie Sanderson]

Dickie hall speaking to Sean Lay. And that's it from us for now. But there'll be a new edition of the Global News Podcast later. If you to want to comment on this podcast or the topics covered in it, send us an email. The address is globalpodcastbc.co.uk. you can also find us on XBCWorldService. Use the hashtag globalnewspot. This edition was mixed by Darcy O'. Brie. The producers were Ariane Kochi and Kyla Conti. The editor is Karen Martin. I'm Valerie Sanderson. Until next time. Bye. Bye.