President Trump warns Hamas to honour disarming promise

Summary

Global News Podcast – President Trump Warns Hamas to Honour Disarming Promise

BBC World Service | Hosted by Celia Hatton | Aired: December 30, 2025

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Episode Overview

This episode dives into several major international developments:

• President Trump’s warning to Hamas regarding disarmament in Gaza following talks with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
• The humanitarian situation in Gaza amidst ongoing winter storms and fragile ceasefire.
• Russia's accusation of a Ukrainian drone attack on President Putin’s residence, and the state of Russia-Ukraine peace talks.
• The Nord Stream pipeline sabotage investigation and its diplomatic ramifications.
• The ongoing threat to Mediterranean shark populations.
• The death and legacy of Bangladeshi political leader Khaleda Zia.
• Personal stories including a man's recreation of his father’s epic cycling journey from the UK to Australia.

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Key Discussion Points & Insights

1. Trump-Netanyahu Meeting: Disarmament Ultimatum for Hamas

[01:39–04:40]

• President Trump and Israeli PM Netanyahu met in Florida to discuss Gaza’s future. Trump issued a stern warning to Hamas: disarm quickly or face “serious consequences.”
• Trump named Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner as representatives to oversee the U.S. side of the disarmament process.
• Trump indicated Gaza’s reconstruction would “begin very soon” but gave no concrete timeline.
• Insights from North America correspondent Sean Dilley highlighted Trump’s warm praise for Netanyahu and the political maneuver to push forward the Gaza peace process.
• The Israel-Hamas ceasefire remains in a precarious first phase. Key sticking points:
  • Israel demands return of remains from the Oct 2023 incident before withdrawing forces.
  • Hamas refuses to disarm until Israel withdraws.
• Trump is attempting to break this deadlock with a disarmament ultimatum to Hamas.

Notable Quote:

“We talked about Hamas and we talked about disarmament, and they're going to be given a very short period of time to disarm and we'll see how that works out... but if they don't disarm as they agreed to do, they have to disarm within a fairly short period of time.”
— President Trump, [02:33]

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2. Life in Gaza: Ceasefire’s Humanitarian Fallout

[04:40–07:09]

• Local journalist Ghada Al Khor described dire conditions:
  • Winter storms have devastated already struggling communities; at least 17 deaths from collapsed bomb-damaged buildings.
  • Widespread infrastructure collapse, lack of electricity, water, and heat.
  • Ceasefire hasn’t changed life for ordinary civilians; movement is heavily restricted and dangerous.
  • Slight improvement in food access, but unaffordable for most due to lack of cash.
  • Aid is poorly distributed; widespread looting and lack of effective governance have worsened corruption and hardships.
• She suggested a technocratic government could temporarily improve lives until stable governance is established.

Notable Quotes:

“We are swimming in water as I'm sitting here... the sewage, the infrastructure is completely destroyed.”
— Ghada Al Khor, [05:09]

“Here in Gaza, we don't have any official government, we don't have any officials who can control or rule Gaza. So I think a technocrat government or committee that can come and control the situation... is a better idea for the Palestinians.”
— Ghada Al Khor, [06:49]

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3. Russia-Ukraine: Peace Negotiations Undermined by New Tensions

[07:09–08:50]

• Trump met Ukrainian President Zelensky, with Ukraine claiming the US had offered 15 years of security guarantees; Trump claims an agreement is “95% done”.
• However, Russia accuses Ukraine of launching a drone attack on President Putin’s residence—a claim Kyiv denies.
• Moscow is using these accusations to portray Ukraine as a terrorist state and possibly to strain U.S.-Ukraine relations.
• Russia has not produced evidence to support its claim; expert analysis suggests Kremlin’s aim is to drive a wedge between Kyiv and Washington.

Notable Quote:

“Moscow is using this moment to try to get Ukraine into a lot of trouble with Donald Trump, portraying Ukraine as a terrorist state... clearly trying to drive a wedge once and for all between Washington and Kyiv.”
— Steve Rosenberg, [08:23]

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4. Nord Stream Pipeline Sabotage: Legal and Diplomatic Fallout

[08:50–13:41]

• Germany prepares for a major trial against a Ukrainian ex-military officer, Vladimir Zhuravyov, accused of blowing up Nord Stream pipeline in 2022.
• Evidence increasingly points toward Ukrainian involvement, though Kyiv denies it.
• Extradition controversies:
  • Polish judge refused to extradite Zhuravyov, citing Russia’s invasion made the pipeline a “legitimate target.”
  • Another suspect, Serhii Kuznetsov, was extradited from Italy; his legal defense argues the military context and command involvement.
• Ukrainian government remains largely silent, balancing risks to their soldiers against jeopardizing German support.

Notable Quotes:

“If he did it, why don't they say it? If he’s innocent, why don't they say?”
— Reporter summarizing defense lawyer’s point, [12:40]

“Abandoning a soldier looks bad. But riskier still is losing Germany as an ally when its support is critical for the entire Ukrainian military.”
— Sarah Rainsford, [13:26]

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5. Khaleda Zia: The Life and Legacy of a Divisive Bangladeshi Leader

[16:28–18:31]

• Former Bangladeshi PM Khaleda Zia dies at 80.
• Polarized Bangladeshi politics for decades with rival Sheikh Hasina, contributing to political deadlock and violence.
• Known for her fight against military rule, frequent imprisonments, and two terms as Prime Minister.
• Later dogged by corruption allegations and electoral boycotts.

Notable Quote:

“Many will remember her as one of two women who held the country's politics hostage. With decades of feuding...”
— Jill McGivering, [18:23]

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6. U.S. Strikes in Venezuela: Escalating Anti-Drug Operations

[18:31–23:17]

• Trump claims the U.S. has struck a Venezuelan land target associated with drug smuggling, marking a sharp escalation from previous maritime operations.
• Details remain vague, with no official confirmation from Venezuela or the Pentagon on the extent and method of the strike.
• U.S. rationale blends anti-narcotic efforts with explicit desire to oust Nicolas Maduro, the embattled Venezuelan president whom Washington accuses of narco-trafficking.
• The implication is clear: regime change and access to Venezuela’s oil wealth, though the Trump administration publicly denies the latter as a motive.

Notable Quotes:

“We hit all the boats and now we hit the area. It's the implementation area... that is no longer around.”
— President Trump, [18:51]

“The ultimate goal [is] removing Nicolas Maduro from power... Venezuela's vast oil wealth would be a huge boom for the United States if they had a much more, as it were, friendly, compliant, even government in Caracas…”
— Will Grant, [21:30]

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7. Conservation: Mediterranean Sharks in Peril

[23:17–24:33]

• Researchers report at least 40 protected great white sharks have been caught and killed in the Mediterranean since January, despite international protections.
• Many captures are documented in North African fishing ports; social media footage also shows forbidden sales and landings of endangered shark species.
• Researchers emphasize urgent need for stronger enforcement to prevent species extinction in one of the world’s most heavily fished bodies of water.

Notable Quote:

“At least 40 great white sharks from the Mediterranean have been caught and killed since January... much more needs to be done to protect a rapidly dwindling shark population.”
— Victoria Gill, [23:37]

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8. Personal Story: Following a Father’s Epic Cycling Path

[24:33–28:46]

• Jamie Hargreaves, 23, retraces his father’s 1984 bicycle journey from Derby, UK to Sydney, Australia, adapting his route due to modern geopolitical realities.
• Jamie highlights the kindness of strangers along the way, defying widespread pessimism about the world.
• He recounts detours through Georgia, Russia, Central Asia, and Himalayan mountain circuits, surpassing even his father’s original feats.

Notable Quotes:

“99% of the people you meet are incredibly friendly all over the world... the world is a much more friendly and kind place than we see it to be, because obviously everything that you hear on the media... you're kind of only really hearing the bad side.”
— Jamie Hargreaves, [26:57]

“My dad was the first person to take a bike up to Everest Base Camp, so I had to one up him.”
— Jamie Hargreaves, [28:36]

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Memorable Moments & Quotes with Timestamps

• “President Trump issues a warning to Hamas, telling the militant group it needs to disarm quickly or face serious consequences.”
  — Celia Hatton, [00:56]
• “We are swimming in water as I'm sitting here and in front of my eyes I see people who are living inside the tents and around them, the sewage, the infrastructure is completely destroyed.”
  — Ghada Al Khor, [05:09]
• “Moscow is using this moment to try to get Ukraine into a lot of trouble with Donald Trump, portraying Ukraine as a terrorist state.”
  — Steve Rosenberg, [08:23]
• “The world is a much more friendly and kind place than we see it to be...”
  — Jamie Hargreaves, [26:57]
• “At least 40 great white sharks from the Mediterranean have been caught and killed since January... much more needs to be done to protect a rapidly dwindling shark population.”
  — Victoria Gill, [23:37]

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Key Timestamps for Main Segments

• [01:39] — Host begins coverage: Trump-Netanyahu meeting
• [02:33] — Trump’s direct disarmament threat to Hamas
• [05:09] — Ghada Al Khor describes Gaza’s humanitarian crisis
• [07:54] — Russia-Ukraine drone incident discussed
• [08:50] — Nord Stream pipeline legal and diplomatic saga
• [16:28] — Khaleda Zia’s obituary and legacy
• [18:51] — Reports of U.S. strike on Venezuelan land
• [23:37] — Mediterranean shark conservation crisis
• [25:15] — Jamie Hargreaves on his cycling odyssey and global kindness

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Conclusion

The episode brings listeners up to date on major global political crises, humanitarian challenges, and environmental concerns—supplemented by personal stories that highlight human resilience and generosity. The tone is urgent, informative, and at times, reflective, as it connects geopolitical events with on-the-ground realities and vivid personal experiences.

Transcript

[Advertiser/Commercial Voice]

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[Celia Hatton]

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[Jamie Hargreaves]

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[Celia Hatton]

This is the global News podcast from the BBC World Service. I'm Celia Hatton and in the early hours of cheers Tuesday, December 30th these are our main stories after talks with Israel's leader, President Trump issues a warning to Hamas, telling the militant group it needs to disarm quickly or face serious consequences. Russia accuses Ukraine of launching a drone attack on one of President Vladimir Putin's residences. Also in this podcast, Me and my.

[Jamie Hargreaves]

Brother were both raised on my dad's stories when we were younger. He always told us of his adventures when he was cycling across the world and how kind the world actually is and how amazing it is.

[Celia Hatton]

We hear from a cyclist who set out to repeat his father's epic bike journey from Britain to Australia. We begin this podcast in Florida in the United States, where a smiling Israeli prime minister has met Donald Trump at the US President's Mar? A Lago residence ahead of their talks. The meeting had been billed as a chance for Mr. Trump to press Benjamin Netanyahu to do more to move towards towards a lasting peace in Gaza. A shaky ceasefire has been in place in the region for just over 80 days. There have been indications the Trump administration has been frustrated by Israel's apparent reluctance to put an international governing body into place in Gaza. But when meeting reporters after their talks, the president said that unlike Hamas, Israel was complying with the Gaza ceasefire deal.

[Advertiser/Commercial Voice]

We talked about Hamas and we talked about disarmament, and they're going to be given a very short period of time to disarm and we'll see how that works out. Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner will be in charge of that from our side, but if they don't Disarm as they agreed to do, they have to disarm within a fairly short period of time.

[Celia Hatton]

Mr. Trump also said that the reconstruction of Gaza would begin very soon. Without giving any timeline, our North America correspondent Sean Dilley has been following developments from Washington.

[Reporter/Correspondent]

It was a very warm welcome for Benjamin Netanyahu at Mar a Lago, the President's Florida residence. Donald Trump describing him as a wartime prime minister and even a hero. And in return, Benjamin Netanyahu said that Israel had never had a closer friend in the White House. In the afternoon, Benjamin Netanyahu said that Donald Trump was a man who bucked convention so Israel would too like to buck convention. They awarded him the Israel prize and he's the first non Israeli to receive that for his support of Israel. The two leaders discussed a variety of issues from Iran. Donald Trump said if the country rebuilds its nuclear program, that threat would be eradicated. Donald Trump pledging that he would sort it so that the leaders of Syria and Israel get along. But the hottest topic, no doubt was that of Gaza stuck in its first phase of a three phase U S backed plan which involves 20 points. If it achieves its aims by the end of 2027, the Palestinian Authority would take control of Gaza. But the reason it stuck is that part of that plan is that Israel is supposed to remove its forces. It says it won't do that until it sees the return of the remains of rangeavali from October 7th in 2023. And Hamas saying, well, they're not going to disarm until Israel removes its forces. Donald Trump stepping in, hoping to end that stalemate, but telling Hamas that they will have a very short deadline to disarm and if they did not, he said they would be held to pay for them.

[Celia Hatton]

Sean Dilley well, that's the latest from the politicians who are determining Gaza's future. But what's it like on the ground? Civilians inside Gaza are facing a new threat. Wintry storms have been battering the strip. At least 17 people are reported to have been killed while sheltering in bomb damaged buildings that have collapsed in high winds and heavy rain. Rebecca Kesbi spoke with Ghada Al Khor, a local journalist based in Gaza City.

[Ghada Al Khor]

We are swimming in water as I'm sitting here and in front of my eyes I see people who are living inside the tents and around them, the sewage, the infrastructure is completely destroyed. People are facing some problem. Access to any kind of service or electricity or water or oven gas.

[Interviewer/Reporter]

It's now the 80th day since the phase one of the ceasefire, what, if anything, has changed for ordinary people?

[Ghada Al Khor]

Actually, since the signature of the ceasefire, nothing has changed on the ground for the people, it's not allowed for them to go back to their neighborhoods behind the yellow line. If they are coming close to this area, they can be shot or dead at any time.

[Interviewer/Reporter]

But is the situation with food aid at least better than it was back in September?

[Ghada Al Khor]

It's better. We can say slight improvement on the food situation, but you have to pay too much money to buy this kind of food. And people, they don't have cash, they don't have access to banks, I guess.

[Interviewer/Reporter]

Clothing, warm blankets, that sort of thing is an issue too.

[Ghada Al Khor]

Exactly. Even these things, it's very hard to find it. You have to buy it because of the looting. And even the humanitarian aid organization, they don't have like a systematic process for this distribution. And we think if there is a good government that can come and control the situation for the Gazan, that can improve their Life. Since the October 7, we witness lots of corruption and looting incidents in Gaza. And you know, there is no official government. So anyone can go and steal anything or loot anything from any human truck and no one can control it. This is like a catastrophic situation for the normal people, the civilians who are seeking for a fair distribution system. Here in Gaza, we don't have any official government, we don't have any officials who can control or rule Gaza. So I think a technocrat government or committee that can come and control the situation. I think it's a better idea for the Palestinians.

[Celia Hatton]

Local journalist Gada Al Kord in Gaza. The latest on the Russia, Ukraine peace negotiations now. After Donald Trump met the Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky on Sunday, the mood was cautiously optimistic. Mr. Zelensky said the US had offered Ukraine's security guarantees for 15 years. And Mr. Trump said an agreement on this point was close to 95% done. But on Monday, a new stumbling block emerged. Russia accused Ukraine of launching a drone attack on one of President Vladimir Putin's residences, a claim which Kyiv has denied. It's accusing the Kremlin of trying to derail peace talks. Steve Rosenberg, our Russia editor in Moscow, told us more.

[Steve Rosenberg]

The official line coming out of Moscow is this attack really happened. That's what Vladimir Putin told Donald Trump on the phone earlier today. That is what Russian television told its viewers. This story playing very big in the main evening news bulletin here in Russia. However, no images were shown on TV of any aftermath of the attack or any debris. The Russians haven't presented any evidence so far to back up the claim. And of course, we heard that categorical denial from Kyiv that this had happened. I think there's one thing that we can say with certainty, and that is that Moscow is using this moment to try to get Ukraine into a lot of trouble. With Donald Trump portraying Ukraine as a terrorist state. That's the language the Kremlin is using and I think clearly trying to drive a wedge once and for all between Washington and Kyiv. Whether that's going to be successful, we'll have to wait and see.

[Celia Hatton]

Steve Rosenberg in Moscow. Well, next year should see the start of a high profile trial in Germany, which has big implications for its relations with Ukraine. Prosecutors are expected to bring charges against a Ukrainian former military officer who's accused of blowing up the Nord Stream pipeline in 2022. At the time, it was a major route for Russian gas to Germany. But the prosecutor's pursuit of justice is controversial. When a second suspect was detained in Poland on a German arrest warrant, the Polish judge refused to extradite him, arguing that Russia's war on Ukraine had made the pipeline a legitimate target. Neither of the suspects nor any officials in Kyiv have admitted to involvement in the deep sea sabotage. Our Eastern Europe correspondent, Sarah Rainsford has been following the case throughout the year.

[Sarah Rainsford]

This autumn, TV crews crashed into a Warsaw courthouse to capture the moment when a Ukrainian man was led past in handcuffs for an extradition hearing. I shouted a question, but he kept his head lowered and walked on in silence. Vladimir Zhuravyov was accused of attacking the Nord Stream pipelines from Russia. Before the invasion of Ukraine. Germany got almost half of all its gas through Nord stream. But in September 2022, it was blown up in Europe's biggest act of sabotage in decades. For a while, Russia itself was the prime suspect. Vladimir Putin had been threatening to cut off the energy flow to Europe, trying to force governments to stop supporting Kyiv. But the evidence soon began to point towards Ukraine. Three years on, German prosecutors tracked Vladimir Zhuravlov to Warsaw and they issued an arrest warrant. His wife Juliana told me what happened next. It was morning, we all were at home. Police came and was six person, I.

[Ghada Al Khor]

Think started to talk with husband and.

[Sarah Rainsford]

They say that they need to take him.

[Ghada Al Khor]

It really was a shock.

[Sarah Rainsford]

The family had left Kyiv before Russia began its all out invasion. Vladimir began selling air conditioning units. But investigators believe he had another life. They say in September 2022, he was part of a group of Ukrainians who used fake passports to hire a boat, sail out into the Baltic Sea and plant explosives on the Pipeline far beneath the surface. That day in court in Warsaw, the Polish judge made a passionate speech about Russia's genocidal war, as he called it, and Ukrainians right to defend themselves. Even if Vladimir had blown up Nord Stream, he said the pipeline was helping to fund Russia's war economy and so a legitimate target. In a ruling that was very popular in Poland, he refused to extradite Vladimir. But the German prosecutors persisted and they had a second suspect. This summer, Serhii Kuznetsov was arrested on holiday in Italy, fighting his extradition. His lawyer also argued that a Russian pipeline was fair target. Critically, he pointed out that Serhi had been serving in the Ukrainian military at the time of the blast. So how could he abandon the frontline and mount a major attack abroad without his commanders, even his government, knowing about it? I spoke to Serhi's Italian lawyer here in Rome. Has he said whether he did this or didn't?

[Reporter/Correspondent]

What I can tell you is that he told me, I cannot tell you.

[Celia Hatton]

If I did it or if I.

[Reporter/Correspondent]

Did not because I'm a military officer.

[Celia Hatton]

But what I did, I did it under orders.

[Jamie Hargreaves]

Those were his words exactly.

[Reporter/Correspondent]

Ukrainian government knows exactly where he was every day of September 2022. If he's innocent, why don't they say? If he did it, why don't they say it?

[Celia Hatton]

That's his question.

[Sarah Rainsford]

Instead, the Italian judge did extradite Serhi, and his own government stayed silent. The most frank comment I got came from the human rights ombudsman, Dmytro Lubinets. He told me the Polish judge had had the right idea, considering the context of Russia's invasion. But on record, no one will go further than that, because abandoning a soldier looks bad. But riskier still is losing Germany as an ally when its support is critical for the entire Ukrainian military, for all its soldiers. The controversial trial of Serhii Kuznetsov should begin in Germany next year. What he chooses to reveal then will define how this drama unfolds.

[Celia Hatton]

Sarah Rainsford still to come in this podcast, what's the fate of protected sharks in the Mediterranean?

[Victoria Gill]

The project monitoring fishing ports on the coast of North Africa suggests that at least 40 great white sharks from that sea have been caught and killed since January.

[Celia Hatton]

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[Jill McGivering]

Khalida Zia had a dramatic political life. Her long, bitter feud with arch rival Sheikh Hasina polarized Bangladeshi politics for decades and undermined any chance of much needed consensus. She said she was just a shy housewife when her husband, Ziuoraman, a hero of the country's struggle for independence, became president in the 1970s. When he was assassinated, she entered politics herself as the head of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party. She became a powerful figure in the fight against military rule and was jailed many times. When elections were finally held in 1991, she became prime minister and served a second term in office the following decade. But her lifelong inability to work with Sheikh Hasina the other dominant figure in the country's political landscape, often caused deadlock, even violence. The crisis in 2006 was a classic example. In the run up to national elections, Sheikha Sina, then in opposition, called a series of strikes and protests because she felt the election rules favoured her opponent, Khalida Ziya. Khalida Ziya responded by urging her supporters to use violence and fight back.

[Victoria Gill]

From now on, we will speak exactly.

[Celia Hatton]

The same language as they speak and reply in kind.

[Jill McGivering]

Don't threaten us with sticks and oars.

[Victoria Gill]

I am instructing my workers and people.

[Jill McGivering]

Of this country to respond with whatever they use. The chaos escalated and a state of emergency was imposed. Even as the rest of the world expressed concern. Many Bangladeshis, exhausted by the antics of the two warring women, were relieved. Khalida Zia was accused of corruption and sent to prison. She was only allowed out on bail to contest the next set of elections. When democracy was finally restored, she lost them and staged an angry boycott of the new Parliament. Many will remember her as one of two women who held the country's politics hostage. With decades of feuding, the legacy of.

[Celia Hatton]

The Bangladeshi politician and former Prime Minister Khaleeda Zia, who's died at the age of 80. Let's turn our focus to Venezuela. Speaking to reporters in Florida several hours ago, President Trump said the US had carried out a strike on a target allegedly linked to Venezuelan drug smuggling.

[Advertiser/Commercial Voice]

There was a major explosion in the dock area where they load the boats up with drugs. They load the boats up with drugs. So we hit all the boats and now we hit the area. It's the implementation area. That's where they implement and that is no longer around.

[Celia Hatton]

It's believed this may be the first US attack on Venezuelan soil since President Trump began his military buildup in the Caribbean Sea earlier this year. US forces have so far struck at around 30 boats, killing more than 100 people in what Washington says is a crackdown on drug trafficking. In the last few hours, the Pentagon said another boat had been hit. I asked our Latin America correspondent, Will Grant, about the significance of a US strike on Venezuelan land.

[Advertiser/Commercial Voice]

All we have to go on is what President Trump has said to the press in two separate occasions. But there isn't a whole lot there. He wouldn't take a question on whether or not this had been the US military action, if it had been CIA action, or indeed where it actually took place.

[Celia Hatton]

Okay, so if we take Donald Trump's assertion at face value that this strike has taken place, how significant is it then that these strikes are now being carried out on Venezuelan land?

[Advertiser/Commercial Voice]

Well, those will be the very first questions we'd need to have answered. If it is indeed an attack on Venezuelan territory, it clearly represents another significant development, another significant escalation in this ongoing conflict. We don't yet know that. We have to beware of going too far. There's been no response from the Venezuelan government confirming or denying anything either way so far. But to your original question, whether or not it would be a significant development, without doubt. I mean, so far we've seen attacks on suppose narco boats, speedboats or go fast boats that run through the Caribbean carrying drugs. We haven't seen the evidence that all of the boats that were hit were indeed carrying drugs. So that that has been the target primarily so far. So the significance of the action, the military action, then moving to land would be, you know, an important and worrisome development.

[Celia Hatton]

Well, any more information on why the US Is so focused on Venezuela at the moment? We've heard quite a lot of reasons coming from the Trump administration. But is their reasoning any more?

[Advertiser/Commercial Voice]

Throughout it really, it's been the same broad reasoning that if we look at, for example, the last strike on an alleged narco boat, you know, U.S. southern Command said that they were engaged in narco trafficking operations and by extension that this is squeezing and pressuring the administration, the government of Nicolas Maduro in Caracas. Now he is accused by Washington of essentially running a drug trafficking organization from the seat of power in Venezuela, something that he, his government, all his ministers completely deny. But ultimately, you know, this is in part, and I don't think there's any bones being made about this by the Trump administration, about the ultimate goal of removing Nicolas Maduro from power, of removing a man who claimed a victory in an election that was not seen as either free or fair by the international community. So it has long been a goal, particularly of Marco Rubio, to see Nicolas Maduro removed from power. Of course, Venezuela's vast oil wealth would be a huge boom for the United States if they had a much more, as it were, friendly, compliant, even government in Caracas explicitly. It's not about taking the oil. As far as the public explanation of it by Washington, Washington goes. That is not the perception that the Venezuelan government have. They say it is exactly about taking Venezuela's oil reserves, about controlling them, and that this is an effort to achieve a long standing goal of removing the socialist government from power.

[Celia Hatton]

Will grant researchers monitoring shark populations in the Mediterranean Sea, say some of the shark species are in danger of disappearing. There's evidence some of the most threatened sharks are still being caught and sold in North African fish markets. Our science correspondent Victoria Gill has the details.

[Victoria Gill]

The great white shark is one of more than 20 shark species in the Mediterranean that's protected under international law, meaning it's illegal to fish for them or to sell them. But a conservation research team led by scientists from the American University Virginia Tech and the British conservation charity Blue Marine says that at least 40 great white sharks from the Mediterranean have been caught and killed since January. That estimate comes from a project monitoring fishing ports on the coast of North Africa. And the BBC has discovered and checked footage posted on social media this year of an adult great white being landed at a fishing port in Algeria and what appears to be a large, short finned mako shark, another protected species, being prepared for sale at a market in Tunisia. It's not clear whether the animals have been accidentally caught in fishing nets or if they were targeted, but the researchers say much more needs to be done to protect a rapidly dwindling shark population in the Mediterranean, one of the most most heavily fished seas on the planet.

[Celia Hatton]

Our science correspondent Victoria Gill. And last lots of people follow in their parents footsteps when choosing a career or even a hobby. But how about this for an extreme example? 23 year old Jamie Hargreaves from the English city of Derby has retraced his father's epic cycling trip from Derby in the UK to Darby street in Sydney, Australia. His dad Phil took the trip in 1984 and with a few detours due to the modern political landscape, Jamie has just safely completed almost the exact same route. Jamie spoke with Rebecca Kesby and explained why he did it.

[Jamie Hargreaves]

Why did I do it? Well, I mean, me and my brother were both raised on my dad's stories when we were younger and he always told us of his adventures when, when he was cycling across the world and how kind the world actually is and how amazing it. So I always wanted to have similar experiences. I mean, the most obvious way to do that was also to cycle across the world. I mean cycling when you're traveling on bike, it's a lot better than just sort of traveling as you would normally because you get to fully immerse yourself everywhere that you are.

[Interviewer/Reporter]

You had to make a couple of detours. You couldn't go through Iran, which I think your dad did back in 84, but then that took you through a very interesting route through Afghanistan and some of the other Central Asian republics as well.

[Jamie Hargreaves]

Yeah, yeah. So we, we had to cut off from dad's path because obviously as Brits we're no longer allowed to go through Iran. So I had to go up instead through Georgia. And then the, the idea was originally to fly across from Georgia to Kazakhstan, but then I found out that we could actually go through Russia. So we got the, the 10 day transit visa for Russia and we ended up cycling through Russia for 10 days, then entered Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, which incredible places.

[Interviewer/Reporter]

So, Jamie, I mean, a lot of people take a rather grim view of the world at the moment and think that, you know, there's a lot of pessimism about the way that things are or, you know, the various wars and the state of the, of the world as it is. Did you learn anything on your trek that kind of gives us a more optimistic view of the nature of the.

[Celia Hatton]

World at the moment?

[Jamie Hargreaves]

Yeah. So cycling across the world, obviously I got to meet all kinds of strangers and 99 of the people you meet are incredibly friendly all over the world. I thought maybe going across the world I was going to be met with some hostility all over. I thought I'd be sort of challenged a lot with that. But in actual fact, I found that everywhere you go there are incredibly hospitable people, very friendly people, very kind people, and they will, they'll stop by the side of the road and give you water, food. The world is a much more friendly and kind place than we see it to be because obviously everything that you hear on the media, on the news, you're kind of only really hearing the bad side. But in actual fact, the world's a much kinder place than you deem it to be.

[Interviewer/Reporter]

And just finally, before we let you go, what has your dad had to say about your travels?

[Jamie Hargreaves]

He actually took a lot less time than I did. But that's for various different reasons because we had different journeys and I had numerous different side quests which I went on. Like in Pakistan, I ended up going on motorbikes around the north a month because it was going to be a lot easier than, than having to stop for all the escorts because they give you military escorts in the lowlands near the mountains. So, yeah, I did. I did numerous different sort of cycles which took a lot of time in, in the poll because we, we ended up spending three months hiking the bikes up the mountains in the Himalayas. We did Annapurna Circuit, Annapurna Base Camp and Neverest Base Camp, all with the bikes.

[Interviewer/Reporter]

Amazing.

[Jamie Hargreaves]

And like, that was part of my dad's rec. My dad was the first person to take a bike up to Everest Base Camp, so I had to one up him. So there's a bit of competition for you I had to one up him.

[Celia Hatton]

That was the cyclist Jamie Hargreaves. And check out the BBC website if you want to see photos from his epic trip and his Dad's back in 1984. Some incredible images there. And that's all from us for now. But there will be a new edition of the Global News Podcast later. If you want to comment on this podcast or the topics covered in it, you can send us an email. The address is globalpodcastbc.co.uk you can also find us on X@BBC World Service. Use the hashtag globalnewspod. This edition was mixed by Daniel Fox and the producers were Carla Conti and Steven Jensen. The editor is Karen Martin. I'm Celia Hatton. Until next time, goodbye. Toyota Thon. Toyota Thon. Toyota Thon is on. Oh, what fun it is to drive a new Toyota today. Hey, Jan from Toyota here reminding you Toyotathon is on. Make your holiday wishes come true with a new Camry, RAV4 Tacoma and more. All right, let's sing it together this time. Toyotathon. Toyota.

[Advertiser/Commercial Voice]

Dealer inventory may vary. Toyota Thon ends January 5th.

[Jamie Hargreaves]

See your participating dealer for details.

[Celia Hatton]

Toyota, let's go places.