Gone Medieval: Episode Summary – "Roger Mortimer: The Usurper"

Podcast Information:

• Title: Gone Medieval
• Host/Author: History Hit
• Description: From long-lost Viking ships to kings buried in unexpected places; from murders and power politics, to myths, religion, the lives of ordinary people: Gone Medieval is History Hit’s podcast dedicated to the Middle Ages, in Europe and far beyond.
• Episode: Roger Mortimer: The Usurper
• Release Date: March 14, 2025

Introduction

In this gripping episode of Gone Medieval, host Matt Lewis delves deep into the tumultuous life of Roger Mortimer, a pivotal figure in English medieval history. Joined by Paul Drybrough, principal record specialist at the National Archives and president of the Mortimer History Society, the discussion unpacks Mortimer’s rise from a loyal servant of the crown to a usurper who played a critical role in the deposition of King Edward II.

Early Life and Background

Paul Drybrough provides an insightful overview of Roger Mortimer’s origins. Born around 1287 into the influential Mortimer family of Wigmore, Roger was raised in an environment steeped in the volatile politics of the Welsh Marches. The Mortimers, a Norman family established since the Norman Conquest, held significant lordships in Herefordshire and beyond, operating with a degree of autonomy from the English crown.

Quote:

“[Roger Mortimer] offers Isabella something she didn't have, perhaps in more ways than one.” – Matt Lewis [04:53]

Military and Administrative Career

Roger’s early career was marked by military prowess and administrative skill. Drybrough highlights Mortimer’s successful defense against Scottish invasions in Ireland and his strategic governance of the Marches of Wales. These roles not only solidified his family's authority but also honed his abilities to navigate complex political landscapes.

Quote:

“Roger has had to negotiate relationships with a variety of different people, including officials from the Crown, his local tenants, and rival lords.” – Paul Drybrough [15:18]

Marriage and Expansion of Influence

A turning point in Mortimer’s life was his marriage to Joan de Joinville, which significantly elevated his status and expanded his family's holdings. Joan brought substantial inheritances, including estates in Shropshire and half of the liberty of Meath in Ireland, transforming the Mortimers into a formidable transnational family.

Quote:

“Joan brings half of the de Lacey inheritance, which transforms the Mortimers from a provincial family into a transnational powerhouse.” – Paul Drybrough [12:32]

Relationship with Edward II and Gaveston

Initially, Mortimer maintained a loyal relationship with King Edward II and his close advisor, Piers Gaveston. Despite the tumultuous reign marked by Gaveston’s favoritism and the ensuing baronial conflicts, Mortimer remained a steadfast servant, earning rewards and consolidating his power.

Quote:

“Roger is conspicuously loyal, getting rewards at a time when Gaveston is also rising in prominence.” – Matt Lewis [07:59]

The Crisis and Civil War

By the early 1320s, tensions reached a boiling point. Hugh Despenser, father and son, became the primary antagonists, exploiting their influence over Edward II. Mortimer’s disdain for the Despensers set him on a collision course with the king’s favorites, ultimately leading to open rebellion.

Quote:

“Pride is so often followed by a fall. The story of how Roger Mortimer... is a fascinating one.” – Matt Lewis [05:23]

Imprisonment and the Tower Escape

In 1322, after leading a successful rebellion against the Despensers, Mortimer was captured and imprisoned in the Tower of London. However, his determination led to a daring escape on August 1, 1323. With the help of insiders, Mortimer orchestrated a meticulously planned breakout, fleeing to the continent.

Quote:

“He had a chap on the inside, a chap called Gerald Ulspa… effectively what happens is all the guards are having a feast, and they all have this drink... and Mortimer escapes.” – Paul Drybrough [33:17]

Alliance with Queen Isabella

Mortimer’s alliance with Queen Isabella of France became a cornerstone of his power. Whether as romantic partners or strategic allies remains a subject of historical debate, but their partnership was instrumental in the subsequent invasion of England. Together, they amassed a force and orchestrated a bloodless coup that led to the deposition of Edward II.

Quote:

“I think it's a combination of both [Mortimer and Isabella]… but certainly, their closeness after 1327... suggests a relationship.” – Paul Drybrough [35:56]

Deposition of Edward II and Regency

In September 1326, Mortimer and Isabella launched their invasion, quickly overpowering loyalist forces and capturing Edward II. The deposition was unprecedented, marking the first time a king was removed through parliamentary intervention. Mortimer effectively became the regent, wielding immense power alongside Isabella.

Quote:

“They are replacing royal officials, targeting dispenser deposits... It's a state in which it's going to accept a new regime.” – Paul Drybrough [45:07]

Reign and Downfall

Despite initial successes, Mortimer’s tenure as regent was short-lived. His overreach and the accumulation of power alienated many, leading to his eventual betrayal by Edward III. In October 1330, Mortimer was arrested during a council meeting and subsequently executed for his role in deposing Edward II.

Quote:

“They were arrested almost immediately... Mortimer and one of his sons... sent to the Tower of London.” – Paul Drybrough [57:53]

Legacy of Roger Mortimer

Mortimer’s legacy is twofold. On one hand, he was instrumental in reshaping the English monarchy and setting precedents for royal accountability. On the other, his rise and fall epitomize the dangers of absolute power and the complexities of medieval politics. The Mortimer family continued to influence English history, with Mortimer’s descendants playing significant roles in subsequent generations.

Quote:

“They are the first use of the law and parliament to depose a king. That was, you know, you can't imagine just how difficult and traumatic that must have been for everybody.” – Paul Drybrough [60:15]

Conclusion

Roger Mortimer's life is a testament to the intricate dance of loyalty, power, and ambition in medieval England. From his steadfast service to his audacious rebellion, Mortimer navigated the perilous waters of court politics with both brilliance and hubris. His partnership with Isabella and their ultimate downfall serve as a cautionary tale of the delicate balance between authority and tyranny.

Final Quote:

“High ideas sound good. Few men can keep them when they come into contact with power.” – Matt Lewis [61:07]

Further Exploration

For listeners eager to delve deeper into Roger Mortimer’s life and the broader Mortimer family history, visiting the Mortimer History Society’s website at mortimerhistorysociety.org is highly recommended. The episode sets the stage for the next installment, which will explore the early reign of King Edward III and the lasting impact of Mortimer’s actions on the English monarchy.

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Notable Quotes with Timestamps

1. Matt Lewis [04:53]:

   “Roger Mortimer offers Isabella something she didn't have, perhaps in more ways than one.”

2. Paul Drybrough [12:32]:

   “Joan brings half of the de Lacey inheritance, which transforms the Mortimers from a provincial family into a transnational powerhouse.”

3. Matt Lewis [05:23]:

   “Pride is so often followed by a fall. The story of how Roger Mortimer... is a fascinating one.”

4. Paul Drybrough [15:18]:

   “Roger has had to negotiate relationships with a variety of different people, including officials from the Crown, his local tenants, and rival lords.”

5. Paul Drybrough [33:17]:

   “He had a chap on the inside, a chap called Gerald Ulspa… effectively what happens is all the guards are having a feast, and they all have this drink... and Mortimer escapes.”

6. Paul Drybrough [35:56]:

   “I think it's a combination of both [Mortimer and Isabella]… but certainly, their closeness after 1327... suggests a relationship.”

7. Paul Drybrough [45:07]:

   “They are replacing royal officials, targeting dispenser deposits... It's a state in which it's going to accept a new regime.”

8. Paul Drybrough [57:53]:

   “They were arrested almost immediately... Mortimer and one of his sons... sent to the Tower of London.”

9. Paul Drybrough [60:15]:

   “They are the first use of the law and parliament to depose a king. That was, you know, you can't imagine just how difficult and traumatic that must have been for everybody.”

10. Matt Lewis [61:07]:

    “High ideas sound good. Few men can keep them when they come into contact with power.”

Join the Conversation Engage with the Gone Medieval community by sharing your thoughts on Roger Mortimer’s legacy. Follow the Mortimer History Society and subscribe to the podcast to continue exploring the intricacies of medieval power dynamics.

This summary encapsulates the key discussions, insights, and conclusions from the episode "Roger Mortimer: The Usurper," providing a comprehensive overview for both longtime listeners and newcomers alike.