Nazis in New York: A Defining Moment in American History

History Daily delves into the dark chapters of American history, and in the episode titled "Nazis in New York," host Lindsay Graham explores the infamous Nazi rally held at Madison Square Garden on February 20, 1939. This event not only highlighted the sinister presence of fascist ideology in the United States but also showcased the bravery of individuals who stood against hate and intolerance.

Setting the Stage: The Rise of the German American Bund

The episode begins by transporting listeners to the evening of February 20, 1939, at Madison Square Garden in New York City. Amidst a crowd of 22,000 attendees, the German American Bund, led by Fritz Kuhn, orchestrates a rally under the guise of reconnecting German-Americans with their heritage. However, the Bund was a front for spreading Nazi ideology, complete with Nazi armbands, stormtroopers, and swastikas adorning a massive George Washington painting on stage.

Lindsay Graham sets the scene:

"It's the evening of February 20, 1939, at Madison Square Garden in New York City... a 30-foot painting of George Washington... two giant swastikas." (00:00)

Key Figures: Fritz Kuhn and Dorothy Thompson

Fritz Kuhn, the Bund's leader, is portrayed as an ardent Nazi sympathizer who fervently promotes fascist beliefs. His charismatic yet hateful rhetoric aims to recruit and spread Nazi influence in America. However, not everyone at the rally shares his ideology.

Dorothy Thompson, a 41-year-old American journalist expelled from Nazi Germany, emerges as a pivotal figure. Having been silenced by Hitler's regime, Thompson uses her platform in the United States to condemn fascism and warn against its rise in America.

The Confrontation: Isadore Greenbaum's Stand Against Hate

Amidst the fervent supporters stands Isadore Greenbaum, a 26-year-old Jewish American plumber who infiltrates the rally to witness the insidious spread of Nazi ideology firsthand. His silent anger reaches a boiling point as he listens to Fritz Kuhn's hate-filled speeches.

At one point, Lindsey Graham recounts:

"With each mocking and hate-filled statement, Isadore becomes more and more angry." (00:00)

Unable to contain his fury, Isadore takes a daring step:

"So Isidor pushes his way through the crowd and charges onto the stage right at Fritz Kuhn himself." (17:35)

Instead of attacking Kuhn, Isadore seizes the microphone cable, silencing the Nazi propaganda:

"He grabs the microphone cable and yanks it hard, silencing the fascist tirade." (17:35)

Dorothy Thompson's Role and the Broader Opposition

Throughout the episode, Dorothy Thompson is highlighted as a relentless advocate against fascism. Despite threats and expulsion from Germany, she continues to use her voice to expose extremist groups in America, including the Ku Klux Klan and the German American Bund.

Lindsay Graham emphasizes Thompson's commitment:

"Dorothy says goodbye to tearful friends and coworkers... pledges that Hitler and his henchmen won't stop her." (04:36)

Thompson's efforts to warn Americans about the dangers of fascism are met with resistance and indifference, but her perseverance lays the groundwork for future opposition.

Aftermath: The Decline of the German American Bund

The rally at Madison Square Garden, intended to bolster Nazi influence, instead galvanizes anti-fascist sentiment across New York City. Thousands protest outside the arena, demonstrating that the majority of Americans reject the Bund's hateful message. This public outcry leads to a decline in the Bund's membership and credibility.

Fritz Kuhn faces consequences as his organization comes under federal investigation:

"A federal investigation into its activities is launched and discovers that Fritz Kuhn has been embezzling thousands of dollars." (17:35)

Ultimately, Kuhn's actions lead to his incarceration in Sing Sing prison and eventual deportation back to a devastated Germany after World War II.

Isadore Greenbaum's Legacy of Courage

Isadore's brave act of interrupting the Nazi rally earns him a reputation as a hero. Though he is fined for disorderly conduct, his actions inspire others to stand against fascism. His commitment culminates in his joining the Navy during World War II, symbolizing the countless Americans who fought against tyranny both on the battlefield and in society.

Lindsay Graham concludes:

"It was just one of countless millions who bravely stood up to fascism in the 20th century... as it was when America's Nazis rallied at Madison Square Garden on February 20, 1939." (17:35)

Conclusion: A Lesson in Courage and Resilience

"Nazis in New York" serves as a poignant reminder of the threats posed by extremist ideologies and the importance of standing up against hate. Through the stories of individuals like Isadore Greenbaum and Dorothy Thompson, History Daily underscores the enduring value of courage and resilience in the face of oppression.

Notable Quotes:

• Lindsey Graham:
  "It's the evening of February 20, 1939, at Madison Square Garden in New York City." (00:00)

• Dorothy Thompson:
  "She pledges that Hitler and his henchmen won't stop her. She will continue speaking out against fascism." (04:36)

• Lindsey Graham:
  "It was just one of countless millions who bravely stood up to fascism in the 20th century." (17:35)

This episode not only recounts a significant historical event but also highlights the importance of individual acts of defiance in shaping a nation's moral compass. Through meticulous research and compelling storytelling, History Daily brings to light the moments and people that have defined our world.