A (4:02)

From Nozer and Airship I'm Lindsey Graham and this is History D History is made Every day on this podcast, every day, we tell the true stories of the people and events that shaped our world. Today is February 18, 1943. The arrest of the White Rose Resistance. It's evening on April 20, 1934, nine years before the janitor Jacob Schmidt calls the Gestapo in the city of Ulm in southern Germany. The sound of a military band echoes across a local park as bugles play. A troupe of girls in dark uniforms march through the trees. Crowds line the path, standing in solemn silence as Nazi flags flutter overhead. The girls carry flaming torches. They're young, barely teenagers, and in the flickering light, their youthful faces shine with excitement. Near the back of the torchlit procession is a short and slender 12 year old. Her name is Sophie Scholl. This is a proud moment for Sophie. Like the other girls here, she's worked hard and passed her tests, and tonight's ceremony will see her become a full member of the Jung Medelbund, the German League of Young Maidens. Today has been chosen specifically for the ceremony. It's an auspicious date in German history. Adolf Hitler's birthday, a little over a year has passed since the Nazis seized power in Germany. Hitler took control of the government after democratically elected members of the Nazi party forced a new law through the German parliament called the Enabling act, which gave Hitler total power to transform Germany from a democratic republic into a fascist dictatorship. Hitler has since banned all political parties except his own. He sent his enemies to concentration camps, and he shut down the trade unions. But the Nazis know that to truly cement their power over Germany, they must capture the hearts and minds of its children. Libraries have been purged of any books deemed subversive. School curriculums have been changed, and even popular children's organizations have been hijacked and transformed into propaganda tools of the Nazi state. For girls like Sophie Scholl, joining the German League of Young Maidens has quickly become a rite of passage. And she glows with pride as she joins the girls around her, chanting, we want to be young maidens. We want to be strong and proud. An official from the local Nazi party is there with them, and one by one, the girls step before him and swear their oath of allegiance to Adolf Hitler. Sophie beams as she takes her turn. The official presents her with the league's regalia, a black neckerchief and a brown leather knot to tie it in. He tells her, be faithful, be pure, be German. Sophie is now a young maiden. She will rise fast in the organization. But as the years pass, and as Sophie sees more of Hitler's vision for Germany, she begins to have doubts. It's summer, 1936, in southern Germany. Two years have passed since Sophie became a member of the young maidens. She's 15 now, and she's joined her older brother Hans and their father on a summer hike through the gentle rolling hills and dark forests that surround their hometown of Ulm. Despite being three years younger than her brother and much shorter, Sophie prides herself on keeping up. She's always been a tomboy, much to her mother's chagrin. And nothing makes Sophie happier than climbing a tree or swimming across the river that runs behind their house. But today, as she walks beside her father and brother, she listens intently as their conversation turns to politics. This summer, the eyes of the world are on Germany. Berlin is hosting the Olympic Games, and Adolf Hitler is using the spectacle to broadcast the glories of his Nazi regime. Sophie's father has never been a supporter of Hitler. In fact, he's long been horrified by the political developments in his country. He never wanted Hans to join the Hitler Youth or Sophie to become a young maiden, but he also never felt he could impose his views on his children. He hoped in time that they would see the truth about the Nazis. And they have Both Hans and Sophie have become disillusioned. Their youthful enthusiasm for Hitler has been dulled by the relentless, stifling conformity the regime demands. Sophie once got into trouble for reading a book by a Jewish poet, and Hans has grown to hate the unthinking fanaticism that surrounds him every day. Their father is proud of his free thinking children. They talk all during the hike about Germany's past, the events that brought the country to this sad state, and what hopes there are for the future. Their home in Ulm is becoming a haven for those critical of the Nazi regime, a safe place where banned books can be read and forbidden ideas debated. But this passive resistance won't be enough for Hans and Sophie. As the Nazi regime grows ever more repressive and violent, the two siblings will launch a daring resistance movement that will enrage the ruling Nazi party and sow seeds of rebellion.

C (9:21)

Weight Loss it needs to be fast and sustainable Noom GLP1 starts at just $149 and ships to your door in seven days. Take it from Lauren, who lost 22 pounds on Noom.

B (9:31)

If I of the GLP1, it's not.

D (9:33)

Going to automatically make my weight.

C (9:35)

Yo yo back $149 GLP1s now that's Noom smart. Get started@noom.com Real Noom user compensated to provide their story. Individual results may vary. Not all customers will medically qualify for prescription medications. Compounded medications are not reviewed by the FDA for safety, efficacy, or quality.

E (9:51)

The stench of sweaty uniforms in a football team's locker room can be unbearable. But Arm and Hammer Deep Clean Laundry Detergents fights the toughest odors to deliver a championship level clean Arm and Hammer Deep Clean Detergents are the brand's most powerful formulas yet that can penetrate deep between fibers to tackle tough dirt and odors. Just like an elite defense, its pH power technology sends in millions of ionic micro scrubbers to dominate the toughest stains and odors. And unlike those premium tickets with the trusted value of Arm and Hammer, you don't need deep pockets for a Deep clean. Available in liquid or convenient power packs, it works in all machines and temperatures, even cold water. When it comes to tough stains and orders, put Arm and Hammer Deep Clean in your starting lineup. Pick up Arm and Hammer Deep Clean today. Available in store or online at major retailers nationwide.

A (10:53)

It's autumn 1942, five months before the arrest of the White Rose Resistance. Sophie sits in a lecture hall at the University of Munich. She's 21 years old and is studying biology and philosophy. But as the professor drones on at the front of the class, Sophie's attention wanders. She notices a scrap of crumpled paper on the floor. Peering under the desk, she can just make out some writing crudely printed on it. She stretches down to pick it up and flattens the paper out on her desk. It's a pamphlet. Who among us has any conception of the shame that would befall us and our children when one day the veil has fallen from our eyes and the most horrible crimes, crimes that infinitely outdistance every human measure, reach the light of day? Sophie is shocked reading the words somebody else here feels the way she does about the Nazis. She glances around the lecture hall. The other students are staring glass eyed at the professor. So she flips open her bag and begins to slide the paper inside. But then she hesitates. The pamphlet is clearly treasonous. Sophie should report it. Not doing so is a crime. She wonders whether it's worth the risk to even take the pamphlet. Sophie's father is already in jail, convicted of calling Hitler the scourge of God. Her mother has grown sick with all the stress and worry, and Sophie doesn't want to make things harder. But as the lecture continues, she cannot stop thinking about the pamphlet and what it says. So when the professor finally finishes, Sophie walks out of the lecture hall. With the leaflet in her bag, Sophie heads for the apartment of her older brother, Hans. He's studying medicine at the university, but he isn't home when Sophie arrives, so she lets herself inside. As she waits, she noses through the books of poetry and philosophy piled up on her brother's desk. As she flips through a chapter of one of the books, she stops on a page filled with annotations and underlined phrases. They're very familiar to her. She grabs her bag and digs out the pamphlet she found in class. The phrases underlined in the book are the same ones used in the flyer. Just then, Sophie hears the turn of a key in the lock. She whirls around to see her brother Hans in the doorway. She holds up the pamphlet and then the book and demands to know what's going on. It's January 1943. A few months have passed since Sophie discovered that her brother Hans was running a resistance movement known as the White Rose. It's early morning in the southwest German city of Stuttgart. Snow crunches beneath Sophie's shoes as she hurries down the street with a briefcase. Ahead, across the road, she can see a mailbox. Its dark red paint makes a rare splash of color among the grimy snow and blacked out windows of the buildings that surround her. She checks to make sure the coast is clear and then she hurries across the road, headed for the mailbox. Sophie has been a member of the White Rose Resistance for several months. Her charismatic brother Hans started the group as a medical student. Hans was forced to serve in the German army where he saw combat first in France and then later in the East. The experiences horrified the young man and when his round of service was over and he returned to his medical studies, Hans and some like minded friends began writing anonymous anti Nazi leaflets. Secretly, they distributed them to other students and academics or left them in public places for ordinary people to find. Upon discovering her brother's activities, Sophie insisted on joining them and she has since become an important addition to the White Rose, working alongside Hans and his friends long into the night as they crank out more and more pamphlets. Hoping to conceal their base of operations in Munich, the students now travel to towns and cities across Germany. Sophie has come to Stuttgart with a thousand pamphlets stored away in her briefcase. Her heart pounding, she crouches on the snowy street by a mailbox and flicks open the case. Stuffed inside are hundreds of envelopes, each containing the White Rose's latest pamphlet. The envelopes are addressed to academics, universities and even bars all over Germany. And with a quick glance down the still deserted street, Sophie begins to stuff the envelopes into the mailbox. In a few moments she's done, and quickly she closes the briefcase and hurries away down the street. Sophie isn't caught today, but the activities of her resistance group have not gone unnoticed. The Gestapo, Nazi Germany's notorious secret police, have been investigating the treasonous leaflets for some time and soon they will threaten to bring down the entire White Rose resistance and close in on Sophie and her brother.

D (15:39)

Ready to electrify your drive? Hyundai's cutting edge EV lineup is about to change Everything you thought you knew about electric vehicles Prepare to be captivated by a range that's as bold as it is brilliant. From the lightning fast Ioniq 5 and Ioniq 6 charging from 10 to 80% in a mere 18 minutes to the tech packed cabins boasting highway driving assist and blind spot collision warning, Hyundai EVs are redefining the electric experience. And with America's best warranty, including a 10 year 100,000mile limited electric battery warranty, you'll drive with unmatched confidence. Hyundai's EVs aren't just the future, they're the now you've been waiting for learn more about Hyundai's EVs@HyundaiUSA.com call 562-314-4603 for complete details. America's Best Warranty Claim based on total package of warranty programs. See Dealer for limited warranty details. See your Hyundai dealer for further details and limitations.

B (16:41)

It's time to transform your healthcare experience with Amazon. One Medical Pay per visit. Perhaps you're dealing with hair loss or looking to clear your skin. OneMedical PPV offers upfront affordable health care available 24. 7 easily access treatments for common concerns like ED hair loss and prescription solutions for beauty and skin care. With one Medical ppv, you can quickly connect with a provider right from home. No insurance necessary, just one flat fee per visit. Plus you'll receive transparent pricing and fast free medication delivery through Amazon pharmacy. Head to www.Amazon.com omppv to learn more. That's Amazon.com omppv a provider determines eligibility prices may var.

A (17:36)

It'S the morning of February 18, 1943. Sophie and Hans Scholl stride through the deserted corridors of the University of Munich's main building. In their hands are thick wads of paper, the White Rose's latest leaflet. They move quickly from door to door, leaving piles where they think students will spot them and pick them up. From the lecture halls that line the corridor, they can hear students packing up their things. In just a few moments, the halls will be flooded with students, but Sophie still has a stack of leaflets left in her hands. She doesn't want to risk being caught with them so impulsively. She flings them over the balcony into the atrium. She watches a moment as the leaflets flutter in the air before her brother pulls her away. They hurry toward the stairs, hoping to disappear into the crowd before making their escape. But at the top of the steps they bump into the janitor, Jacob Schmidt, who holds one of the flyers in his hand. Soon, Sophie and Hans are taken away by the Gestapo for interrogation. The Saul siblings decide to confess, hoping to protect the other members of the White Rose. But the Gestapo find a draft of their next leaflet and match it to the handwriting of one of their friends, a young man named Christoph Probst. Christoph joins Sophie and Hans at their trial four days later. The so called People's Court permits no lawyers or evidence for the defense. Sophie, Hans and Christoph know the outcome of the trial already. They will be found guilty of treason and sentenced to death. After the trial, they are taken to a prison in Munich for execution. The three prisoners are allowed to share a cigarette together before their deaths. Sophie's last words are believed to be it's such a fine sunny day and I have to go. But what does my death matter if through us thousands of people are awakened and stirred to action? Soon afterwards, the three students are beheaded. Despite Sophie's hopes, the White Rose failed to ignite a rebellion against Nazi rule. But Sophie Scholl, her brother Hans, and all the other members of the White Rose will not be forgotten. Their bravery and sacrifice stand as a testament that even in humanity's darkest moments, the flowers of freedom, kindness and conscience can still grow. Nothing can erase their bravery, not their horrific execution, not their unjust trial, and not their arrest that occurred on February 18, 1943. Next on History Daily February 19, 197 CE Septimius Severus, his victory at the Battle of Luck Dunham finally establishes him as the sole ruler of the Roman Empire. From Nouser and Airship this is History Daily Hosted, edited and executive produced by me, Lindsey Graham Audio editing by Molly Bach Sound design by Derek Behrens Music by Lindsey Graham this episode is written and research by William Simpson. Executive producers are Steven Walters for Airship and Pascal Hughes for Noiser.

F (20:54)

Work takes up most of your time. That's why you should use stamps.com to save time with your mailing and shipping. Stamps.com will simplify your postage needs and add valuable time back into your workday so you have flexibility to focus on more important things. Stamps.com can handle your mailing and shipping needs with rates up to 88% off. UPS and USPS send invoices, checks, certified mail, packages, and anything else you need to keep your business running with stamps.com if you sell online, connecting with every major marketplace and shopping cart is easy. Plus, you can schedule package pickups through their dashboard and automatically see your cheapest and fastest shipping options from different carriers. With Stamps. Com's Rate Advisor, add more flexibility to your workday. With Stamps. Com, go to Stamps. Com program to sign up for a special offer. No contract. Cancel anytime. That's Stamps. Com program.