The Bridge: Cover Queens and The Boy Wonder

Summary

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Hit Parade: The Bridge — "Cover Queens and The Boy Wonder"

Podcast: Hit Parade | Music History and Music Trivia
Host: Chris Molanphy (with T.J. Raphael and guest Becky)
Release Date: March 15, 2019

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Episode Overview

This lively episode of Hit Parade: The Bridge explores the power and significance of cover songs—when they eclipse originals and reshape pop history. Host Chris Molanphy, joined by T.J. Raphael and later by listener Becky, breaks down legendary covers (including Tina Turner’s “Proud Mary”), pivots into timely Rock and Roll Hall of Fame news, and closes out with a spirited, trivia-packed segment focused on covers and Stevie Wonder. The tone is enthusiastic, educational, and rich in music-nerd camaraderie.

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Key Discussion Points and Insights

1. When Covers Eclipse the Originals (00:27 – 05:21)

Main Songs Discussed:

• Ike & Tina Turner’s “Proud Mary” (original: Creedence Clearwater Revival)
• Aretha Franklin’s “Respect” (original: Otis Redding)
• Devo’s “(I Can’t Get No) Satisfaction” (original: The Rolling Stones)
• Jimi Hendrix’s “All Along the Watchtower” (original: Bob Dylan)

Key Insights:

• Transformation as the Hallmark of a Great Cover: Chris points out that true greatness in a cover comes from transformation, not just duplication.
  • “Some of my favorite covers are the ones where the cover is truly transformational. And you’re right, then it kind of belongs to the other artist.” — Chris (01:58)
• Aretha’s "Respect": Many forget (or never knew) Aretha Franklin’s iconic hit was originally by Otis Redding.
  • “Her number one hit, Respect, is a song by Otis Redding. It was recorded first by Otis Redding.” — Chris (02:19)
  • “This story has been repeated so many times… But Otis reportedly said ‘that girl stole my song,’ and he said it admiringly.” — Chris (02:32)
• Covers as Cultural Shifts: Iconic covers (e.g., Hendrix’s version of "All Along the Watchtower") can reframe the work for future audiences.
  • “When you say ‘All Along the Watchtower,’ you don’t just think about Bob Dylan. You really think about both of them in a lot of ways.” — TJ Raphael (04:10)
• Dylan as a Cover Magnet: Bob Dylan’s songs have spawned numerous successful covers, themselves often transformed into hit standards.

2. Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Inductions and the Michael Jackson Controversy (05:22 – 08:48)

Inductees Announced:

• Def Leppard
• The Cure
• Stevie Nicks
• Radiohead
• Roxy Music
• The Zombies
• Janet Jackson

Key Insights:

• Predictions and Validation: Chris takes a tongue-in-cheek “victory lap” over Def Leppard’s induction, which he advocated for previously.

  • “Well, I'm not saying I did this single-handedly, but let's just say Def Leppard are getting inducted…” — Chris (05:50)

• Janet Jackson’s Induction Amidst Michael Jackson Controversy:

  • The episode is taped just after HBO’s documentary Leaving Neverland. Chris expresses hope that Janet’s moment won't be overshadowed by her brother’s scandal.
  • “As a Rock and Roll Hall of Fame voter myself, I voted for Janet Jackson proudly. I am excited for her. And I really hope that this moment... does not overshadow a moment that Janet has richly earned.” — Chris (06:46)

• Future Hall of Fame Hopes:

  • Chris muses about overdue inductees like Depeche Mode, The Smiths, and The Pixies.
  • “Perhaps this indicates that Depeche Mode would stand a chance if they were back on the ballot… The Pixies have still not been nominated…” — Chris (07:53)

3. Trivia Segment: Covers, Stevie Wonder, and Motown’s Political Legacy (09:07 – 17:56)

Guest: Becky (Slate Plus member, musician)

Structure:

• Becky answers three trivia questions (all correct!), then quizzes Chris.

Trivia Questions & Answers

1. First charted “Proud Mary” cover?

   • Answer: Solomon Burke (11:27)
   • “His [Burke’s] version only hit number 45, but it was the first cover to chart.” — Chris (11:44)

2. Stevie Wonder’s only 1960s Hot 100 #1 hit?

   • Answer: “Fingertips” (12:54)

3. Which 1970s Stevie Wonder album did NOT win the Grammy’s Album of the Year?

   • Answer: “Talking Book” (14:01)
   • “This 1972 album was surprisingly not nominated for album of the year. But all three of Stevie’s next studio albums were not only nominated, but won the prize back to back…” — Chris (14:12)

Bonus: Becky’s Question to Chris

• Motown’s Civil Rights Spoken Word Albums:
  • Motown recorded with Elaine Brown, Martin Luther King Jr., and Langston Hughes (D: all of the above) (15:40)
  • “Motown also had a spoken word label called Black Forum... works by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.; Langston Hughes; and former Black Panther Party chairwoman Elaine Brown, among others.” — Becky (16:01)

Notable Moments & Quotes:

• “That girl stole my song.” — Attributed to Otis Redding about Aretha Franklin’s “Respect” (02:32)
• “When you say ‘All Along the Watchtower,’ you don’t just think about Bob Dylan. You really think about both of them in a lot of ways.” — TJ Raphael (04:10)
• “This stands as the only Hit Parade: The Bridge where all of the questions were answered correctly.” — Chris (17:43)

4. Preview: Next Full-Length Episode—Stevie Wonder (18:26 – End)

Focus:

• The next main episode will dig into the front half of Stevie Wonder’s career, from his time as a Motown child star through his epochal 1970s success.
• Acknowledges Wonder’s uniqueness as an artist and his transition from prodigy to pioneering adult musician.
  • “He began as a child star, and then he also made a move toward independence that is almost unprecedented… just epic success in the 1970s…” — Chris (19:12, summarized)

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Timestamps for Important Segments

• Intro and discussion of “Proud Mary” covers – 00:27
• Aretha Franklin’s “Respect” and transformative covers – 02:06
• Devo’s “Satisfaction” cover and iconic re-inventions – 03:28
• Dylan covers and “All Along the Watchtower” – 04:21
• Rock and Roll Hall of Fame overview – 05:22
• Janet Jackson and Michael Jackson controversy – 06:08
• Hall of Fame future predictions – 07:44
• Listener trivia segment begins – 09:07
• Trivia: “Proud Mary” covers – 11:12
• Trivia: Stevie Wonder’s first #1 – 12:08
• Trivia: Stevie Wonder 1970s albums – 13:24
• Motown, civil rights, and Black Forum label – 15:40
• Upcoming Stevie Wonder episode preview – 18:26

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Notable Quotes

• “Some of my favorite covers are the ones where the cover is truly transformational. And you’re right, then it kind of belongs to the other artist.” — Chris (01:58)
• “That girl stole my song.” — Otis Redding on Aretha Franklin, relayed by Chris (02:32)
• “When you say ‘All Along the Watchtower,’... you really think about both of them in a lot of ways.” — TJ Raphael (04:10)
• “I am excited for her. And I really hope that this moment, when the culture is considering how it deals with the art of Michael Jackson in the wake of these revelations, I hope that that does not overshadow a moment that Janet has richly earned.” — Chris (06:46)
• “Motown also had a spoken word label called Black Forum, which was set up by [Berry] Gordy in 1970.” — Becky (16:01)
• “I love that song and I often share it on friends’ birthdays... it has basically unofficially become the black Happy Birthday song.” — Chris, on Stevie Wonder’s “Happy Birthday” (17:09)

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Summary

This episode is a musicologist’s delight, exploring how great covers can become pop culture’s new “originals,” running the gamut from Tina Turner to Devo to Jimi Hendrix. Chris and TJ’s passionate conversation leads into a timely take on Rock and Roll Hall of Fame politics before the audience trivia segment punctuates the show with factoids about “Proud Mary,” Stevie Wonder, and the surprising political output of Motown. The episode closes with a preview of a deep-dive Stevie Wonder retrospective.

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Perfect for listeners curious about chart history, transformative music moments, and the intersection of pop and culture, this episode stands out for both its trivia value and its conversational warmth.

Transcript

[A]

You're listening ad free on Amazon Music.

[B]

Hey, everybody, this is Chris Mullanfi, host.

[C]

Of Hit Parade, Slate's podcast of pop chart history.

[B]

Welcome to the Bridge Big wheel Keep.

[D]

On turning brown Keep on turning burning Rolling, rolling All right.

[B]

Rolling on the river that's Ike and Tina turn.

[C]

Proud Mary, the best known cover of Credence Clearwater Revival's classic song. We just played you the part where the song bridges from a slow vamp to a killer rave up one of the most famous tempo changes in rock history. And that, of course, is Ms. Tina Turner, bridging you from nice and easy to nice and rough. And as always, these mini episodes bridge our full length monthly episodes and give us a chance to catch up with.

[B]

Our listeners and enjoy some trivia this month. As always, I'm delighted to be joined.

[C]

By the colleague who helps me take it to the Bridge Slate podcast senior producer, T.J. raphael. Hey, T.J. hi, Chris.

[B]

How's it going?

[E]

Good. Thanks so much for having me on.

[B]

Always a pleasure.

[E]

I'm so glad that you just played that Tina Turner song because I. I mean, I'm a huge Proud Mary fan in general. You know, it got me thinking about how much Credence music has been covered by other artists. And then also the concept of when does a cover sort of outpace the original? You know, becomes so well known that we kind of forget the original. Or maybe it overshadows the original. I think the first time that I heard Proud Mary was the Ikentina version. I don't think it was actually the Credence version when I was a kid. So can you talk about, you know, some of your favorite covers or some artists that, you know, their song was covered, and now it kind of belongs in some ways to a different artist.

[C]

You know, some of my favorite covers are the ones where the COVID is truly transformational. And you're right, then it kind of belongs to the other artist. I believe you and I talked about.

[B]

One of these when we did our.

[C]

Tribute to Aretha Franklin last summer.

[B]

I often reach for it as my favorite cover of all time. It's kind of the most famous cover.

[C]

Of all time because so many people.

[B]

Barely realize it is a cover.

[C]

Her number one hit, Respect, is a.

[B]

Song by Otis Redding. It was recorded first by Otis Redding.

[D]

R E S B C T Find out what it means to me R E S B E C D Take.

[B]

F T C D and this story has been repeated so many times, it's frankly probably apocryphal. But Otis reportedly said that girl stole my song, and he said it admiringly. He knew that the song no longer belonged to him. There are covers I love because they are so transformational. For example, one that was not a hit, but of course the original is a massive hit, is the Rolling Stones, I Can't get no Satisfaction My favorite cover of that is the utterly strange cover by the Ohio rock band Devo, who absolutely turned it into their idiom. They digital rocked it up and, you know, kind of made it this herky jerky synthy thing. But it's such an amazing cover. It completely transforms the song and the tempo and almost everything about it. It's nearly unrecognizable. Yet, you know, there are stories that they had to get Mick Jagger's permission for it.

[C]

And Mick Jagger loved it.

[B]

So it was definitely approved by the original writer.

[D]

Hey, hey, hey. That's what I say well, one of.

[E]

My favorite cover songs, where I think the COVID has kind of in a way outshone the original, is all along the Watchtower.

[B]

Absolutely.

[E]

I love Bob Dylan. He is amazing. But the Jimi Hendrix version is just incredible. The guitar in there is amazing.

[F]

There must be some kind of way outta here Say the joker to the thief there's too much confusion it's sort.

[E]

Of become so synonymous as well with Jimi Hendrix. When you say all along the Watchtower, you don't just think about Bob Dylan. You really think about both of them in a lot of ways. And that's really one of my favorite covers.

[B]

You know, we could do an entire conversation about covers of Dylan and about songs that were utterly transformed. Because, of course, Dylan. Dylan has his own inimitable, sometimes loopy way of singing his own songs. And then they are turned into big pop hits. Everything from Mr. Tambourine man by the Birds to Blowin in the Wind by Peter, Paul and Mary, to more recently, a ballad that's been covered by everybody.

[C]

From Billy Joel to Garth Brooks to.

[B]

Adele, which is this ballad that doesn't even sound much like a Dylan song. But Dylan first wrote it and recorded it for his late 90s album Time out of Mind.

[C]

And it's since kind of become a standard.

[D]

I could hold you for a minute.

[E]

Million years.

[D]

To make you feel my.

[B]

Love.

[E]

So before we move to trivia, I really want to quickly talk about the Rock and Roll hall of Fame last year. Of course, you did an entire episode on one of our inductees, Bon Jovi, which got a lot of people talking.

[C]

We didn't.

[E]

The Rock and Roll hall of Fame induction is back. It's coming up. Can you tell us a little bit about who's being honored. There's one that I think a lot of people are watching and talking about.

[B]

Yeah. First, let me run down the list and let me take a quick victory lap, because in that Bon Jovi episode last year, I closed by saying, hey, if we're gonna start doing hair metal.

[C]

Of the 80s, why have we not nominated Def Leppard yet? Well, I'm not saying I did this single handedly, but let's just say Def.

[B]

Leppard are getting inducted into the Rock and Roll hall of Fame this year. So I'm gonna take minor credit for that. In addition, the Cure, Stevie Nicks, Radiohead.

[C]

Roxy Music, the Zombies, and I'm leaving this name last for a reason.

[B]

Janet are being inducted into the Rock and Roll hall of Fame this year.

[C]

And in terms of what people are.

[B]

Talking about, you know, Janet Jackson, as a member of the Jackson family, is in the middle of, obviously, a tremendous convulsive controversy right now. Not involving herself, but involving her brother Michael. And we're taping this episode in the immediate wake of the HBO documentary Leaving Neverland, which discusses the allegations against Michael Jackson by James Safechuck and Wade Robeson. And it would be an understatement to say that this is the conversation dominating popular music right now.

[C]

And I suppose it's too soon to.

[B]

Say, but one wonders whether Janet, who has not made any specific statements regarding her brother, will be drawn into this controversy, given the perhaps unfortunate timing of this moment of glory in her career as a Rock and Roll hall of Fame voter. Myself, I voted for Janet Jackson proudly. I am excited for her. And I really hope that this moment, when the culture is considering how it deals with the art of Michael Jackson in the wake of these revelations, I hope that that does not overshadow a moment that Janet has richly earned. And I think we will need to wait and see how that plays out in the weeks to come.

[E]

So before we move on to trivia, last year you kind of predicted that Def Leppard would get in. Can we get a prediction for this year? You know, who in 2020 are we gonna be saying? Oh, God, Chris Melanphy. He got it right again.

[B]

Gosh, that's a tough call. So Radiohead finally got in. I'd been saying for a couple of years that they were a shoe in. I was frankly surprised.

[C]

It took two tries to get them in.

[B]

You know, the Cure just got in after being on the ballot a couple of times. And I often joke about what I call the Holy Trinity of British mope rock, Depeche Mode and the Smiths. All three of those bands have been on the Rock hall ballot. I would say the less problematic of the two, given that the Smiths are fronted by Morrissey, who's a bit of a controversial figure, would probably be Depeche Mode. So perhaps this indicates that Depeche Mode would stand a chance if they were back on the ballot. Or maybe other 80s 90s rock legends from the world of alternative music need to make their first appearance on the ballot. The Pixies have still not been nominated. I would be intrigued to see how they would do if they were on the ballot. So I don't know, we'll find out next fall when they put out the next list of the next short list of nominees. But this ballot definitely checks some boxes that have never been checked before. And it'll be cool to see if they can now move on to some acts that are overdue themselves.

[E]

Well, congratulations to all of our 2019 inductees. Here's a little Janet to take us out before some trivia.

[D]

So in so long so in love with you so in with you now.

[B]

Comes the time in our Hit Parade.

[C]

The Bridge episode where we do some.

[B]

Trivia and I am delighted to be.

[C]

Joined this month by Becky.

[B]

Hi, Becky.

[A]

Hi, Chris.

[B]

How's it going?

[G]

I'm good.

[A]

How are you?

[C]

Terrific. Thank you so much for joining us.

[B]

We really appreciate you doing this.

[A]

Oh, I'm thrilled.

[B]

I understand you're a musician yourself, is that right?

[A]

I am, yeah.

[C]

Super cool.

[A]

Yeah, I'm sort of like. Sort of like CCR. I do unfashionable 2 to 3 minute guitar driven rock songs.

[C]

Good for you.

[B]

You know what is slightly. I'm gonna digress for 10 seconds. What is slightly fashionable is that there's all these reports hitting the music biz now that because of streaming songs are getting short again.

[A]

Oh, yeah. Maybe that's a chance.

[B]

This is your opportunity. Seriously. The two to three minute song is where it's at right now. If you can feed the something catchy that gets its point across in 2 minutes 15 seconds, they might record it and you might have a hit. So yeah, go rock and roll. I also understand that you are a Slate plus member. Is that right, Becky?

[A]

I am, yeah. Proud Slate plus member.

[B]

Excellent. So that's important because while this bridge episode is available to all Hit Parade.

[C]

Subscribers, we only open our trivia rounds to Slate plus members. So if you are a member and.

[B]

Would like to be a trivia contestant.

[C]

Visit slate.com hitparadesignup that's slate.com hitparadesignUp so.

[B]

As you may recall from previous episodes of Hit Parade, the Bridge, we're going to do three trivia questions right now. The first one will call back to.

[C]

Last month's full length episode and the next two will be a preview of our next full length episode. And then when we're done, you will.

[B]

Get to turn the tables on me. Are you ready for the trivia, Becky?

[A]

I'm ready.

[B]

Fantastic.

[C]

Question one. In last month's episode, we heard a lot of Proud Mary Credence's original version came out first. But who scored the first cover version on the charts? A, Anthony Armstrong Jones, B Solomon Burke, C Elvis Presley or D, Ike and Tina Turner.

[A]

Well, I remember you saying that Solomon Burke had a cover version and I think you said it charted. I remember Elvis had one as well. And of course I continued Turner, but.

[G]

I'm gonna go with Solomon Burke.

[C]

And you would be correct. That is right, B, Solomon Burke.

[F]

Big wheels keep on turning.

[B]

Y'. All.

[F]

Just rolling, rolling, rolling.

[C]

On the real, his version only hit number 45, but it was the first cover to chart. Anthony Armstrong Jones from the world of country took it to number 22 on the country charts just two months later.

[B]

Ike and Tina, of course, had the.

[C]

Biggest version, but not until 1971 when.

[B]

It reached number four.

[C]

Fantastic.

[B]

Nice job, Becky.

[G]

Thanks.

[C]

All right, let's do two questions now.

[B]

That will be a preview of the next episode.

[C]

Here we go. Question 2. In his legendary career, Stevie Wonder has scored 10 number one hits on the Hot 100, including four in the 1980s and five in the 1970s. But what was his only number one Hot 100 hit in the 1960s? A, fingertips, B My Cherie Amour, C, I Was Made to Love her, or D, Uptight.

[A]

Oh, gosh, You know, I remember he started off as little Stevie Wonder, so I'm guessing one of those was released under that name. I'm gonna go with Fingertips.

[C]

And you are correct again. The correct answer is A, Fingertips. It went to number one in 1963 when he was known as little Stevie Wonder. It was his last number one hit for nearly a decade. Excellent. You are running the table here, Becky. Great job.

[A]

Hopefully I can keep it up.

[C]

Hopefully you can keep it up. All right, here's question three. Let's see how you do. In the 1970s, Stevie Wonder generated the longest streak of Grammy success when he scored three back to back to back album of the year winners. Which of these seventies albums by Wonder did not win that prize? A Inner Visions. B, Songs in the Key of Life. C, Talking Book. Or D, Fulfillingness. First finale.

[B]

Hmm.

[A]

A lot of really good albums. I'm gonna go with Talking Book.

[B]

You have run the table. That is correct. Talking Book.

[A]

Excellent.

[D]

There is Superstitious.

[B]

This 1972 album was surprisingly not nominated.

[C]

For album of the year. But all three of Stevie's next studio.

[B]

Albums were not only nominated, but won the prize back to back on the.

[C]

Grammys of 1974, 75 and 77. Well done. My goodness, you crushed it.

[A]

Well, thank you.

[B]

So congratulations for running the table. And now, of course, comes the point where you get to turn the tables on me and I get to, you know, ruin this beautiful streak that we have going of perfect trivia answers. Are you ready to ask me a question?

[G]

I'm ready.

[B]

All right, Give it to me.

[G]

OK. Stevie Wonder was only 11 years old when he signed to Motown and was able to score a number one hit with the label at age 13. While Wonder is known for his music, he also has deep political roots. Motown itself also has political roots that may be lesser known to many. Which of the following civil rights activists did Motown record a spoken word album with? A, Elaine Brown, B, Martin Luther King, Jr. C, Langston Hughes, or D, all of the above?

[B]

I am pretty sure they recorded an album with Dr. King, and so my temptation is to run right for that one. But on the other hand, I suppose it's possible that they could have recorded the other two. I will go with D, all of the above.

[D]

You're right.

[A]

It's D, all of the above.

[B]

That's amazing.

[F]

I've chosen to preach about the war in Vietnam today because I agree with Dante that the hottest places in hell are reserved for those who, in a period of moral crisis, maintain their neutrality.

[G]

The record label, founded by Barry Gordy, made stars of the light of Diana Ross, Marvin Gaye, Stevie Wonder, and countless others. But Motown also had a spoken word label called Black Forum, which was set up by Gordy in 1970. It released compilations of speeches, poetry, and oral history. Among them were works by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Langston Hughes, and former Black Panther Party chairwoman Elaine Brown, among others. Two years after he was assassinated, the label released a speech by Dr. King called why I Oppose the War in Vietnam on the Black Forum label. Stevie Wonder also has ties to the late civil rights hero. He was a huge force behind the movement to create a national holiday recognizing the birthday of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. On his 1980 album, Hotter Than July, Stevie Wonder included the song Happy Birthday. His Ode to Martin Luther King, Jr. And his call to make MLK Day official.

[D]

Happy birthday to you Happy birthday to you Happy birthday Happy birthday Happy birthday to you Happy birthday to you Happy birthday.

[B]

I love that song and I often share it on friends birthdays, I believe. Our former Slate colleague Aisha Harris did a wonderful article about how it has basically unofficially become the black Happy Birthday song. You know, a song that was originally political but has now taken on resonance as, you know, just a celebratory song at birthday celebrations. So, wow, that was a fantastic question. I actually learned a thing or two while amazingly getting it right and not blowing our perfect streak today. So I think this stands as the.

[C]

Only Hit Parade the bridge where all of the questions were answered correctly.

[B]

So good for us.

[A]

Yeah, I'm part of. Glad to be part of Hit Parade history.

[B]

You certainly are, Becky.

[C]

Thank you so, so much for taking.

[B]

Part and for joining us this month. And I do hope you enjoy our Stevie Wonder episode.

[A]

I'm sure I will.

[G]

Thank you.

[E]

Oh, my God, you broke your streak.

[C]

Yay.

[B]

Thank God. Thank heaven. Finally. Man, it was getting embarrassing for a few months there.

[E]

It was a long time. But, I mean, this is a good question to come back to, so, you know, it's a strong one. It's a powerful one.

[C]

I like the history in it, and.

[B]

I like the reminder that Motown really took its mantle as sort of, in Barry Gordy's words, the sound of young America and the sound of black America quite seriously. The facts in that question were really on point.

[E]

So can you tell us a little bit about the next episode? Now that we know that it's going to be about Stevie Wonder? Is there gonna be some Motown connection in there? Can you give us a little bit of preview before we head into next month?

[B]

Right.

[C]

Well, Stevie Wonder really is a singular artist in every way, including in the Motown stable.

[B]

And I want to talk about kind.

[C]

Of the front half of Stevie's career.

[B]

Where do you begin with Stevie Wonder?

[C]

Right.

[B]

It's an epic career. It's still ongoing. Thank heaven. You know, he's still with us, not recording as frequent, but still touring.

[C]

And what I wanna talk about is the unusual way Stevie Wonder's career began and how many of us, notwithstanding the.

[B]

Fact that Becky, our guest, just got that second trivia question correct.

[C]

You don't hear Fingertips, his first number.

[B]

One hit on the radio very much anymore. And I wanna remind people what an.

[C]

Interesting, singular career Stevie had in the 1960s. He began as a child star, and then he also made a move toward independence that is almost unprecedented. It's singular within the history of Motown. It's unusual in of child to man.

[B]

Careers and then the just epic success he had in the 1970s, not just commercially but critically sort of redefining the sound of pop, funk, R and B rock, you know, it really is amazing, honestly. We could do four or five episodes about the career of Stevie Wonder, which is why I want to kind of.

[C]

Hone it in on about a decade.

[B]

To call it a dozen years of his career. And that's what we'll be talking about in this next episode.

[E]

Well, I can't wait to listen so I'm really looking forward to it and thank you so much again for having me on the bridge.

[B]

Chris thank you for being here, tj. I appreciate it.

[E]

I'm TJ Raphael, the senior producer of the Slate Podcast network.

[B]

And I'm Chris Melanfy.

[C]

Keep on marching on the one.

[D]

Sam.