Jay Dyer (29:07)
well, there's a lot of different things I'll just try to boil it down to. Like I said earlier, you know, when I got into studying the formation of the biblical canon, that really got me into looking into the Church Fathers and the ecumenical Councils and what was the attitude of the Christians immediately after the death of the apostles. Right. So this is called the post Apostolic Fathers. So I started reading Clement and Ignatius and Cyprian all These bishops of the early church. And then, of course, even as a Baptist, I remember, you know, well, we believe the Council of Nicaea because it taught, you know, the deity of Christ. And I went to actually read Nicaea and the church fathers who were there and, you know, Saint Athanasius and these. These guys. And I realized, okay, they believe a lot of stuff that I don't believe. And I read City of God, which was Augustine's gigantic apologetic. I read the whole thing when I was at Bible College. And I took. I wrote down a bunch of questions for the Baptist professors. I went. Took it. My questions that I said, can you guys tell me, like, why does he believe in the real presence? Why does he say he believes in absolute succession? And why does he talk about relics and why does he talk about all this stuff that just doesn't really make sense with Baptist theology? And I didn't really get good answers. And so that kind of led me gradually out of Baptist stuff into Covenant theology and then into, you know, I didn't even know about Orthodoxy back then. It was like 2004 or 5. I just knew about Catholicism and Protestant debates. And I think when you're Protestant, if you're a young person and you are looking into this stuff, especially in the 2000s, where there's a lot fewer resources online, you didn't really. I didn't know about Vatican II yet. I didn't know what it taught. I just thought, okay, I'm looking at what's the historic church? And it's either going to be something like, you know, Anglican, or it's going to be something like, you know, Lutheran maybe. And I gave all of those a lot of. A lot of chances. I read about six of Luther's commentaries and works. I read several Anglican texts, Peter Thune, people like that. And I just ultimately didn't find a lot of those arguments about the church from those church's perspectives very convincing. So that was always in the back of my head, even as a Protestant or even when I converted Catholicism, I was like, okay, this has got to be it. And then when you get into the Roman Catholic documents, as I've got like a bunch of Vatican II and all the ecumenical councils and the papal encyclicals over there, like, you just start to notice, okay, Rome has changed its theology. So what do I do with this? And for me, it was just because I had such a love for church history. I want to know then, okay, well, the true church, if it's not any of those, it's got to have the same teaching as the church in all those early centuries. So I'm looking for a church that didn't change its fundamental doctrines. What church still teaches what, for example, the canons of Nicaea say? I'm not talking about the Nicene Creed, some of the canons that accompany the creed, because the canons also give us an insight into the mind of the church fathers and the people who compose those creeds. And people might say, well, yeah, I don't really care about the church fathers, though. I'm just really interested in what the Bible says. Well, the problem with that is that as I was reading evangelical scholars like F.F. bruce on the Canon of Scripture or Lee MacDonald formation of the Biblical Canon, they were admitting this important role of tradition and even knowing what texts were apostolic. So certainly apostolic authorship is a key point when it comes to the canon. It's not the only thing, but it's a very important point. Well, if we don't know who Matthew, the author of Matthew, was, other than the church saying in different bishoprics and sees this is the text that Matthew wrote, and if we're having to rely on, for example, Irenaeus or Cyprian to reconstruct a lot of early manuscript evidence for the Bible itself, in other words, we're looking at, say, Irenaeus in his voluminous writings. He cites many, many, many New Testament passages and Old Testament passages, and those are other witnesses to the veracity of the New Testament text and the Old Testament text in the second century. So that's very early. And none of these people have Protestant views on anything. I don't believe in sola scriptura. They don't believe in sola gracia. They don't believe in memorialist view of the Eucharist. They don't believe in a symbolic view of baptism. I mean, they believe in all these things that I thought were, you know, really problematic teachings. And so, you know, why would I trust those people to put the Bible together when I think that they have heretical, you know, fundamentally wrong theology on the Gospel? And so it just really caused me to reevaluate everything. But then in the Roman Catholic world, you know, you have all these problems as well with innovations and changes. And so eventually, in about 2015, 16, I just came to the position that the only church that really maintains the essential fundamental core, not just theology, but also the praxis of the church, no changes in the liturgy, no revolutions like Vatican II did with Novus Ordo Mass and all that, is the Orthodox Church. And so the more I studied the more I spent time in the Orthodox world, the more I was convinced that, you know, for Christianity that's really all there is. That's the, that's the only authentic expression of Christianity. That's not to say that there's not problems in the Orthodox world. It has its own problems for sure. But I really felt like there was no more fundamental systemic level problems and contradictions like I had in the Protestant world and in the Roman Catholic world. So that was the long story as to why I ended up there.