decimate - Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day

Summary

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day: "Decimate"

Release Date: April 27, 2025
Host: Peter Sokolowski

Introduction to "Decimate"

In the April 27th episode of Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day podcast, host Peter Sokolowski delves into the multifaceted verb "decimate." Released on April 27, 2025, this episode aims to enhance listeners' vocabulary by exploring the origins, meanings, and contemporary usage of the word.

Definitions and Meanings

At [00:38], Sokolowski introduces "decimate" by outlining its dual definitions:

"Decimate is a verb. It can mean both to destroy a large number of plants or animals or people, or to severely damage or destroy a large part of something."

He emphasizes that the term can pertain to both biological destruction and the severe impairment of non-living entities or abstract concepts.

Practical Usage Example

To illustrate the word in context, Sokolowski provides a vivid example:

"Here's the word used in a sentence from the freelance Star of the deer: 'There is an abundance of those animals this year. Got into my beans and within a few nights they had all but decimated my crop. Tracks showed that at least half a dozen whitetails were invading the garden every night.'"
[00:38]

This example highlights "decimate" in its sense of causing extensive damage, demonstrating its applicability in everyday situations.

Historical Origins and Evolution

Sokolowski explores the historical roots of "decimate," tracing it back to ancient Rome:

"Once upon a time in ancient Rome, it had a very singular meaning to select by lot and kill every 10th man of a military unit."
[00:38]

He explains that in its original context, "decimate" was a specific military punishment aimed at maintaining discipline within legions by executing one-tenth of a group.

Expansion of Meaning Over Time

Addressing linguistic evolution, Sokolowski compares "decimate" to other Latin-derived English words that have broadened in meaning:

"Many words in English descended from Latin have changed and or expanded their meanings in their travels. For example, we no longer think of sinister as meaning on the left side, and delicious can describe things both tasty and delightful."
[00:38]

He highlights how "decimate" similarly transitioned from its narrow original definition to a more general usage over the centuries.

Contemporary Usage and Common Misuse

Sokolowski acknowledges the controversy surrounding the modern use of "decimate":

"The word decimate is one that often raises hackles, at least those belonging to a small but committed group of logophiles who feel that it is commonly misused."
[00:38]

These language enthusiasts argue that "decimate" is frequently employed incorrectly when "destroy" or "devastate" would be more appropriate, pushing back against the dilution of its original meaning.

Conclusion and Resources

Wrapping up the episode, Sokolowski encourages listeners to further engage with language resources:

"With your Word of the Day, I'm Peter Sokolowski. Visit merriamwebster.com today for definitions, wordplay and trending word lookups."
[00:38]

He invites the audience to explore Merriam-Webster's offerings for continued learning and enrichment of their vocabulary.

Final Thoughts

Peter Sokolowski's exploration of "decimate" provides listeners with a comprehensive understanding of its meanings, historical background, and the debates surrounding its usage. This episode serves as a valuable resource for those looking to refine their language skills and appreciate the dynamic nature of English vocabulary.

Transcript

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Foreign it's the Word of the day podcast for April 27th.

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A (0:38)

Expires in six months Today's word is Decimate Spelled D E C I M A T E Decimate is a verb. It can mean both to destroy a large number of plants or animals or people, or to severely damage or destroy a large part of something. Here's the word used in a sentence from the freelance Star of the deer and there is an abundance of those animals this year. Got into my beans and within a few nights they had all but decimated my crop. Tracks showed that at least half a dozen whitetails were invading the garden every night. The word decimate is one that often raises hackles, at least those belonging to a small but committed group of logophiles who feel that it is commonly misused. The issue that they have with the decline and fall of the word decimate is that once upon a time in ancient Rome, it had a very singular meaning to select by lot and kill every 10th man of a military unit. However, many words in English descended from Latin have changed and or expanded their meanings in their travels. For example, we no longer think of sinister as meaning on the left side, and delicious can describe things both tasty and delightful. Was the to kill every 10th man, meaning the original use of decimate in English? Yes, but not by much. It took only a few decades for the word decimate to acquire its broader familiar meaning of to severely damage or destroy, which has been employed steadily since the 17th century. With your Word of the Day, I'm Peter Sokolowski. Visit merriamwebster.com today for definitions, wordplay and trending word lookups.