B (3:50)

Equipment is going to be made by AI?

A (3:53)

Yes, essentially.

C (3:55)

Can I say I'm skeptical about that? I mean this is a company that has used technology. I mean you're literally just etching on millimeters of sand. They have been using technology forever. I do believe that AI can improve it, but I just don't think they're.

A (4:11)

Supposed to improve their production time and processes.

C (4:13)

Right. But I mean this, this is a highly, highly complex machine. Like I don't think any of these open AI orders or something, anything does anything for asml and I don't think it has to. All of those chips will be built on machines that have been around forever. The next big thing for them is all of the geopolitical, all of the insourcing, all of big fabs that are going to be built in Arizona or wherever and more and more countries looking to domesticate versus having everything in Taiwan. Those are the next generation of orders. Look, this is a company that still expects to do between 44 and 60 billion euros in sales by 2030 from 32 billion today at a gross margin, hopefully at 60%. This for me has been the ultimate buy and hold in my portfolio. It never looks cheap, but it is the only game in town in an important part of the market and it just continues to chug along.

B (5:13)

Lou, do you think this is the kind of company that can just be a stalwart in a portfolio? Because you mentioned some of the growth numbers. I mean, even at a best case scenario based on their own guidance, you're going to be growing in double digits but it's not going to be the kind of explosive growth numbers that we get out of some, even some of the hyperscalers. So is it just, you know, what if you get a dip? If you get a good price? This is a nice one to have in the portfolio. But the expectations for returns should maybe be a little bit lower than they were 10 years ago when this was up and coming technology.

C (5:43)

It's yeah, it's a mature business. I mean I will say this, that it's really hard to day trade a company that's core product. They may sell a dozen of them a quarter. Right. You know, because again, I mean, you know, the difference between 9 sales and 10 sales can be a dramatically different looking P and L sheet for the quarter. You have to look long term at this business. And yeah, for me this is just, I believe, I mean chips are cyclical but I believe in the long term prospects for us needing more chips. I believe in their head start to be the company that makes the machines for that. It's just a question of the pace and demand and that'll vary from quarter to quarter. But yeah, I've owned it forever and I've added a couple times when the market is freaked out over short term things and that's worked out pretty well for me.

B (6:33)

Coming up, we're going to talk about how the Fed is moving markets. You're listening to Motley Fool Money.

D (6:39)

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B (7:08)

Welcome back to Motley Fool Money. This week Jerome Powell gave some kind of bullish news, at least in the market's eyes, indicating that interest rates are likely to go lower later this year. At least the short term interest rates that the Fed controls. Lou, what did we hear and how should we actually think about this? Because the market seems to read into absolutely everything he says.

C (7:29)

Yeah, as, as, as we do and probably to our own detriment because I think we overanalyze all of his words. But what he said was is he remains worried about unemployment and with good reason. I mean we're getting a lot of headlines. That would imply though that if the Fed is worried about unemployment, part of the dual mandate and the solution, unemployment has always been lower rates. So I do think the market is saying, yes, yes, we're likely to get another rate cut from here and maybe multiple rate cuts. Whether or not it's a good thing and whether or not the market should be rejoicing it, time will tell, right? I mean, there's an expression, Travis, that we're always fighting the last war, right? That we're always focused on how things went last time. And the last time the Fed cut rates during COVID it was a great time for Wall street. Markets shot back up really quick and everybody got rich. I think that was more of a Covid phenomena and the vaccine coming in than it was the result of lower rates. But we're tied to that. I worry that this time is going to be a lot more similar to the 2008 or the dot com crash, which took years, if not decades to recover from. It's be careful what we wish for. But right now the market is very excited about low rates, higher prices.

B (8:44)

Rachel, we do have this dynamic here. If you go back to Covid, they did lower rates, but then we also had inflation and that inflation led to higher rates. So how should we be thinking about this? Because it does seem like the Fed is stuck kind of between a rock and a hard place.

A (8:59)

They really are. And this is something I've talked about before. But, you know, the antidote to high inflation and the antidote to low or high unemployment are two very different solutions that the Fed usually has to deploy. So I mean, the fact that the Fed is thinking about cutting rates further, that can be a signal of economic weakness. Right? You know, in this instance, Powell noted that, quote, rising downside risk risks to employment. He also noted the challenging situation at hand. I think there's this idea though, that they are recognizing economic weakness. It also suggests that the Fed is maybe reacting to, rather than getting ahead of a potential downturn. And the thing that I think that's important to understand here is rate cuts. They are intended to stimulate spending and investment, but they can't fix deeper structural problems. And if the economic weakness was to be severe enough, rate cuts alone may not prevent a recessionary environment. But I do think we're still a long way off from that worst case scenario. But if you have a rate cut because we're seeing signals of economic weakness, it is certainly a mixed bag. I think that immediate market enthusiasm we're seeing, it stems from, obviously you've got a boost to asset valuations and corporate borrowing that can ensue. But the real benefit of the cut depends on whether it successfully stabilizes the economy and improves long term growth prospects without creating new risks. And that's still something that I think remains an uncertain factor and remains to be seen.

C (10:21)

You know, in my lifetime we've gone from kind of ridiculing the Fed to almost a cult of the Fed that, you know, the masters of the universe. And I feel like that pendulum is going to swing back in the year to come. There's only limited tools that they have. They don't have a magic bullet. They don't have all these like deep state powers to control the economy. I think we're going to could find that out the hard way. What it looks like right now is that this world where we have stagnant growth, higher inflation and weak employment are all there together. We have a word for that. It's stagflation. There is no magic bullet for that at the Fed could look pretty powerless if that comes to be. I hope it doesn't come to be, but I do think investors are looking back to Covid and looking back to almost like the myth that created around Alan Greenspan. And it's like the Fed will solve this and I don't know if the Fed has it in its powers to solve it this time.

B (11:17)

Speaking of the things that are out of the Fed's control, one of the things that was reported this week is that Amazon is looking to cut their HR workforce by about 15%. Now this is one of the companies that has been steadily growing their workforce. It is either close, if not the biggest employer in the US has hundreds of thousands of employees all over the world. But they're saying that artificial intelligence is going to make them more efficient, more effective. So Rachel, is this one of those things where, and look, we're seeing this in the, the unemployment data for younger workers. It's harder to get a job coming out of college or out of high school than it has been in a long time because those entry level jobs are partially at least being replaced by AI. So is this one of those things where the Fed can't control what's going on in artificial intelligence they have those blunt instruments, but maybe that doesn't impact employment the way that it did 10, 20, 30 years ago.

A (12:13)

I do think in a rapidly changing labor economy, some of those tools are less effective than we've seen in times past. And I think that's very much the case in the AI revolution. Right? I mean the Fed's Tools are blunt instruments, right? They're designed to influence the overall economy, but they're not to solve structural labor issues like technological unemployment, for example. The Fed can't raise or lower interest rates to bring back a specific type of job. And it's interesting, I mean, there was actually study by the Federal reserve Bank of St. Louis that had found a pretty striking correlation between high AI exposure in an occupation and rising unemployment rates, particularly in tech heavy sectors. So this is a real phenomenon. And we've had comments right from, from Fed Chair Powell and others noting that that exact impact of AI is uncertain and they're kind of in a wait and see mode. But I don't think there's a clear course of action they have against the specific challenge of AI. And I do think that might affect how we view the Fed's role within the broader employment space in the coming decade.

C (13:11)

And beyond the whole AI thing, I don't think the Fed can get out ahead of it. I think we need to monitor it. It's really hard to say long term whether or not this is a net job creator or a net job destroyer. I think we don't know where the future goes for now. Amazon getting rid of back office, which kind of streamlined process and that seems to be where AI is going right now, just making processes simpler. I think it's worth noting, but I don't, I mean there of all the things that the Fed needs to worry about right now, I don't think the Amazon announcement and even AI is should be front of mind. There's just so much in the now right now.

B (13:50)

Definitely a lot for them to think about. Something we'll be talking about obviously for the rest of the year. Next up, we are going to give our tips for reading earnings reports this season. You're listening to Motley Fool Money. Welcome back to Motley Fool Money. It is earnings season started really this week. Tuesday we started to get many more earnings reports. But things really kick up over the next couple of weeks. So I wanted to get an idea. How do you read an earnings report? What do you, what's your process when the announcement comes out? Rachel, let's start with you.

A (14:19)

I think the important thing to, you know, bear in mind when you're going into earnings season, understand that earnings are about expectations. When you're looking at how the stock is responding post earnings or the market's reaction is driven by how a company's results and also how its forward guidance compared to Wall Street's expectations. So a company can post fantastic growth but see its stock fall if investors think that future outlook is less optimistic than previously thought. And sometimes we see the opposite, right? A stock rises on mediocre results, even if the whisper numbers, so to speak, were worse. And I think that's something to really understand when you're differentiating the financial performance of a company from how the stock reacts post earnings. But also understand, you know, the quality of the earnings matters more than the headline. I think it's really important after any report for a stock you own, a stock you follow, stay disciplined, wait for the dust to settle and then really use that information. Information to evaluate how and if your long term investment thesis is still intact. These earnings reports are really valuable for us as retail investors, but it's also really important to look at them within the broader spectrum of our investment journey.

C (15:24)

Look, the numbers are backwards looking, the commentary is forward looking. There's value in the numbers. But if you're doing it what I think is the right way kind of long term, they're milestones, they're not really supposed to change. What I think it's more of a chance. Has anything gone wrong. For me, the commentary, the vision for the future or what people are seeing is more interesting, especially right now. Guys, I'll admit I'm really confused by the current environment. I don't know what to think. And so I really now more than ever just to hear what CEOs are predicting about the holiday season, about what's to come. That to me is where the value is in earnings season in general and especially this time around. I don't know what to think. So I would love to hear what other smart people are thinking right now.

B (16:09)

Yeah, I'll just add a couple things here. I almost, I try to never look at what the market's reaction is to an earnings report because I want to build my own reaction based on my thesis in that company. So you know, do I think that revenue growth was solid or that margin expansion was what I was looking for? I do try to, like you said, Lou, listen to every single conference call for the companies that I own. And one of the things that I always take away from those is you can hear the true leaders and the true visionaries in those conference calls. They will tell you what they're going to do for the next five, 10, 20 years. And the people who are, you know, answering with buzzwords and trying to obfuscate what they're saying, those are not the, those are not the 10x100x opportunities that, you know, we're all looking for in the market. So a lot of information can be can be gleaned from spending a little bit of time listening to the leaders of the of the companies that we own. As always, people on the program may have interest in the stocks they talk about, and the Motley fool may have formal recommendations for or against. So don't buy or sell stocks based solely on what you hear. All personal finance content follows Motley Fool's editorial standards and is not approved by advertisers. Advertisements are sponsored content and provided for informational purposes only. To see our full advertising disclosure, please check out our show notes for Lou Whiteman, Rachel Warren, Dan Boyd, behind the glass and the entire Motley fool team. I'm Travis Hoyam. Thanks for listening to Motley Fool Money. We'll see you here tomorrow.