NPR News Now – August 26, 2025, 12PM EDT

Host: Lakshmi Singh
Episode Theme:
A concise roundup of the hour’s biggest national and global news: President Trump’s firing of a Federal Reserve governor, legal battles around immigration and bail reform, troubling global water access, and new scientific insights on chocolate.

Key News Stories and Insights

1. President Trump's Attempt to Fire Federal Reserve Governor Lisa Cook

[00:18 – 01:14]

• Main Story:
  • President Trump announced the firing of Federal Reserve Governor Lisa Cook, citing allegations of mortgage fraud.
  • The alleged infraction: Falsification on a mortgage application four years prior.
  • Context: This move comes during Trump’s push to pressure the Federal Reserve to lower interest rates.
  • Legal and Political Tensions:
    • The Federal Reserve is designed to be independent from political influence.
    • Lisa Cook responded, stating that by law Trump has “no authority to fire her” and she intends to remain on the board.
    • Her attorney vowed legal action, calling the attempted firing an act of “bully[ing]” without legal basis.
• Notable Quote:
  • “Trump has no authority to fire her and she vowed to continue to serve on the Fed's governing board.”
    — Lakshmi Singh (00:49)
  • “[The president’s] reflex to bully lacks any legal authority, and he promised to take whatever actions are needed to prevent what he called an illegal firing.”
    — Scott Horsley (01:05)

2. Immigration Legal Battle: The Case of Kilmar Abrego Garcia

[01:14 – 02:03]

• Main Story:
  • Kilmar Abrego Garcia, a Maryland man, was wrongfully deported earlier in the year and detained in El Salvador, then returned to the U.S. for trial on human smuggling charges (he pleads not guilty).
  • Recently, he was detained again after an immigration check-in, but a federal court stepped in to block further deportation efforts.
• Political and Constitutional Implications:
  • Maryland Congressman Glenn Ivey called for a halt to Abrego Garcia's deportation, invoking his constitutional right to a trial.
• Notable Quote:
  • “They charged him with these crimes. They said they could prove it beyond a reasonable doubt. It's time to do it.”
    — Rep. Glenn Ivey, via Scott Horsley (01:56)

3. Bail Reform Under Scrutiny: D.C.’s Cashless Bail Policy

[02:03 – 03:02]

• Main Story:
  • Abrego Garcia’s case is spotlighting a wider “standoff” between the Trump administration and judiciary over due process, especially in jurisdictions with cashless bail.
  • D.C. moved away from cash bail decades ago to curb racial and economic inequality; now, the Trump administration is considering re-examining federal funding to such jurisdictions.
• Insights on the Reformed System:
  • Judges have greater discretion: currently, only a small minority of released individuals are accused of violent crimes.
  • High compliance: about 90% of released defendants show up for court dates, and only about 3% are rearrested pre-trial.
• Notable Quotes:
  • “They were concerned about people being released too early because if you did have the money to pay, you could get out. Whereas now judges have a lot more discretion here to hold people.”
    — Alex Combe (02:32)
  • “Just 4% of all people released before trial last year were actually accused of violent crimes...Roughly 90% of D.C. defendants still show up for their court dates, and very few, we're talking something like 3% in most years are rearrested while awaiting trial.”
    — Alex Combe (02:39–02:51)

4. Global Water Crisis: WHO Report

[03:02 – 04:20]

• Main Story:
  • A new UN/WHO report finds that the world is off track for universal safe water access by 2030.
  • 1 in 4 people lack reliable access to safe water; over 100 million still drink untreated surface water.
  • Over 350 million practice open defecation.
  • People in low-income countries are at double the risk compared to higher-income countries.
  • Calls for increased investment, or the 2030 goal will remain unmet.
• Notable Quotes:
  • “Since 2000, over 2 billion people gained access to safe drinking water. Even more can now use sanitation services, but billions still don't have access.”
    — Jonathan Lambert (03:42)
  • “Without acceleration in investment in these areas, universal access to safe water and sanitation appears out of reach.”
    — Jonathan Lambert (04:13)

5. Chocolate Science: Fermentation & Flavor

[04:20 – 04:56]

• Main Story:
  • New research sheds light on how fermentation creates chocolate’s characteristic flavors.
  • After harvesting, cocoa beans ferment; this introduces unique microbes that generate flavor compounds.
  • A University of Nottingham team successfully re-created this process with a lab-controlled synthetic microbial community (published in Nature Microbiology).
• Notable Quotes:
  • “Chocolate, like coffee or wine, has different flavor profiles, but why? It has to do with fermentation.”
    — Emily Kwong (04:25)
  • “David Gopalchen at the University of Nottingham said that during fermentation, microbial communities emerge, giving rise to all kinds of flavor compounds.”
    — Emily Kwong (04:39)

Notable Moments & Quotes (With Timestamps)

• Federal Reserve Tensions:

  • “This is the latest escalation in President Trump's effort to exert more control over the Federal Reserve.”
    — Scott Horsley (00:32)

• Immigration and Due Process:

  • “It's time to do it.” [on bringing the case to trial]
    — Rep. Glenn Ivey (01:56)

• Judicial Reform Outcomes:

  • “Roughly 90% of D.C. defendants still show up for their court dates, and very few...are rearrested while awaiting trial.”
    — Alex Combe (02:49)

• Global Water Crisis:

  • “People living in low income countries are more than twice as likely as people in other countries to lack basic drinking water and sanitation services.”
    — Jonathan Lambert (04:09)

• Chocolate Fermentation Science:

  • “In a lab, his team performed fermentation directly on beans with a synthetic microbial community, and it worked.”
    — Emily Kwong (04:51)

Additional News Brief (Stocks)

• The Dow is up 5 points at 45,288. (03:02)

End of content-focused summary.