💵 1️⃣ The Core Rule

Under

Internal Revenue Code §2501(a)(2):

• Non-resident aliens (NRAs) are subject to U.S. gift tax only on:

👉 Intangible property is excluded

🏦 2️⃣ Bank Deposits = Intangible Property

For U.S. gift tax purposes:

• Bank deposits are classified as intangible property

👉 This applies even when:

• The account is held in a U.S. bank

If an NRA transfers funds via:

• A U.S. bank account, or

• A foreign bank account

👉 The transfer is generally:

• Not subject to U.S. gift tax

Earlier we saw:

• Physical cash = tangible property

• Bank deposits = intangible property (a claim against the bank)

👉 So:

• Handing over cash in the U.S. → potentially taxable

• Wiring money through a bank → generally not taxable

The IRS may challenge the treatment if:

• The transaction is structured to disguise a transfer of tangible assets

• There is evidence of:

👉 Example risks:

• Converting cash to deposits purely to avoid tax

• Temporary routing through accounts without real economic purpose

This distinction creates a major planning opportunity:

• Structuring transfers as bank deposits can eliminate U.S. gift tax exposure

But it also requires:

• Proper documentation

• Genuine substance

• Careful execution

For NRAs:

• Bank transfers are generally not taxable for U.S. gift tax purposes

• Because deposits are treated as intangible property

• This applies even if the account is in the United States

In practice:

The difference between taxable and non-taxable isn’t the money—it’s whether you’re transferring cash… or a claim to cash.