How does Sen. John Hoeven defined sucess? Before he recorded this interview with us at the Blue Rider Bar in downtown Minot, he'd been touring projects in the city, including what he described as a nearly culminated, decades-long effort to turn a former landfill and Superfund site into something useful for the community.

"We're up here today talking about how we basically, this summer now, are going to get approval after 30 years for that landfill and we're going to turn it into a recreation site and it's going to start this summer,"He said. "But that was 30 years in the making and it didn't just happen on its own."

"To me, that's that's what this business is all about," he continued.

He sees the "Crack the Code 2.0" effort similarly. The original "crack the code" initiative began back when he was governor, and it was aimed at fostering horizontal drilling and fracking technology to unlock North Dakota's oil reserves. That preciptated the Bakken oil boom. The 2.0 initiative is about enhanced oil recovery, to unlock the 80 to 85% of oil in a typical well in North Dakota that's left behind.

This is vital, because currently North Dakota's oil fields are in their decline phase. "We've already declined 400,000 barrels a day," Hoeven said. "And we can't punch enough holes anymore to stay at that level. We're going to continue to decline unless we use enhanced oil recovery techniques."

But that's going to require carbon, and carbon pipelines, and right now those things are deeply unpopular with many landowners who need to sign on to make them possible. The opposition been so fierce, that a long-planned carbon pipeline from Summit Carbon Solutions that was to bring carbon to North Dakota is now going to Wyoming.

"You got to win the hearts and minds, guys," Hoeven said of the Summit project, "and that's what didn't happen there."

Speaking of which, Hoeven, a former governor, also weighed in on the accusations against current Gov. Kelly Armstrong which suggest he's doing something illegal by supporting his preferred legislative candidates. Hoeven says Armstrong is "doing what he's entitled to do."

Sen. Hoeven also discussed the ongoing war in Iran, his efforts to stablize the agriculture economy amid trade wars and soaring input costs, and his reaction to President Donald Trump essentially ending Texas Sen. John Cornyn's career in Congress by endorsing his opponent Ken Paxton (Hoeven had been backing Cornyn).

Also on this episode, co-host Chad Oban and I talk about next week's June primary.

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