Oracle Stock Roars 36%, Apple’s New Product Flop & Judge Blocks Lisa Cook Firing

Summary

Prof G Markets – Podcast Summary

Episode: Oracle Stock Roars 36%, Apple’s New Product Flop & Judge Blocks Lisa Cook Firing
Date: September 11, 2025
Hosts: Ed Elson, Scott Galloway
Guests: Gil Luria (DA Davidson), Sarah Binder (Brookings/George Washington University)

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Overview

This episode of Prof G Markets dives into three capital markets headlines:

• Oracle’s record-setting stock surge driven by an AI-fueled earnings report,
• The underwhelming product launch from Apple and its repercussions,
• A federal judge blocking President Trump's attempt to oust Fed Governor Lisa Cook.

The show is rich in market commentary, insight from expert guests, and the trademark blend of wit and candor from Ed Elson and Scott Galloway.

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Oracle’s Spectacular Rally (01:56 – 15:00)

Key Points

• Oracle posted its biggest one-day stock gain since 1992 (36%), driven by strong earnings and bullish guidance on cloud revenue.
• Revealed $455 billion in future contract revenue, including a reported $300 billion, multi-year compute deal with OpenAI.
• Larry Ellison became the world’s richest person (nearly $400 billion), with his net worth jumping by $100 billion in the first 40 minutes of trading.
• Oracle has been “the fourth horseman” in the cloud infrastructure market, uniquely positioned as the provider that AI startups trust because it isn’t building its own LLMs and thus doesn’t pose direct competition.

Analyst Perspective: Gil Luria (05:29 – 14:56)

• “They added more than $300 billion to their backlog, which is something I don’t know I’ve ever seen...Completely unprecedented and what got everybody excited today.” — Gil Luria (05:37)
• Credibility of OpenAI Deal Questioned:
  Luria compares the deal to “seeing Sasquatch;” it's exciting, but might be “just a mangy bear.” He notes OpenAI is a not-for-profit with negative gross margins, lacking the capital to guarantee such a massive obligation (06:59 - 08:15).
  • “...no purchase orders, no revenue, no delivery of services, none of that's happened. But there’s a contract...But it’s one thing to have a contract with Microsoft or Google...versus having a contract with a company that...is still organized as a not for profit...” — Luria (08:55)
• Market Reaction and Underlying AI Euphoria:
  The Oracle surge—and also Nvidia and competitors’—reflects investor excitement for AI more than careful analysis of the contracts (10:44). If capital for these contracts can’t materialize, things may simmer down.
• Sustainability of Oracle's Projections:
  Luria is skeptical that cloud revenue can grow 10x by 2030, pointing to industry limitations: insufficient chips, energy, capital, and the realism of building enough data centers (13:35).

Memorable Moments & Quotes

• “The fourth horseman of AI has arrived and it is Oracle, hot on the tail of the three largest cloud providers in the world and in the year of AI, that is all that really matters.” — Ed Elson (15:00)

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Apple’s Unimpressive Product Launch (19:15 – 29:31)

Key Points

• Apple’s product event introduced:
  • The iPhone 17, iPhone 17 Pro, a thinner iPhone Air, new Apple Watch, AirPods Pro 3
• Market Response:
  • Apple shares fell 1.5% after the event, and 3% the following day.
• Hosts’ Reactions:
  Both Scott Galloway and Ed Elson saw the launch as deeply underwhelming, continuing a recent trend of incremental updates rather than true innovation.

Notable Quotes & Analysis

• “I thought it was a hand job on an Advil. I think it was kind of fine, but it just wasn’t what we were hoping for...A super thin iPhone. Was anyone saying my iPhone is too thick?... The upgrades or improvements to the Apple Watch seemed just incredibly mediocre. I thought the. I would describe this entire product release as Meh.”
  — Scott Galloway (20:24)
• “We’ve seen basically the same device for, I would say, almost 10 years now...The only new thing they’ve come out with is the Vision Pro. And as far as we can tell, the Vision Pro has been dead on arrival...” — Ed Elson (21:56)

On Apple's AI Strategy

• “What’s the larger point here? AirPods that give you real time language. That’s just not what the most valuable and arguably innovative company in the world...should be doing...This represents...a transition that’s taken place since Jobs left.”
  — Scott Galloway (24:15)
• Galloway points out that Tim Cook’s Apple is an “operator” running on share buybacks instead of a “builder” like Jobs. Apple spends massive sums on share repurchases instead of bold R&D bets (24:15).
• “We heard almost nothing about AI in this product launch.” — Ed Elson (26:28)
• Galloway’s theory: Apple’s “AI strategy” is to remain the hardware gatekeeper and auction off default AI access (e.g., access to iOS users) to the highest-bidding company—just as they do with Google Search—but current antitrust scrutiny keeps them quiet about such deals (27:30).

Memorable Banter

• “But Ed, when Daddy is rolling up to the bar after a couple Decapita and Cokes, his shoulders are multilingual communication vehicles...How do we recover from that?” — Scott Galloway (23:46)
• “I just totally lost my train of thought. Oh, my. Where am I? Mom? Re my soup. Manny, where am I? Oh, God... Oh, AI. There we go.” — Scott Galloway (27:08)

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Judge Blocks Firing of Fed Governor Lisa Cook (29:36 – 36:41)

Key Points

• Background:
  President Trump attempted to remove Lisa Cook (Fed governor) for alleged fraud committed before her tenure; a federal judge blocked the move, citing lack of sufficient “for cause” grounds.
• Key Legal Rulings:
  • "For cause" must be more than just presidential discretion or pre-appointment behavior.
  • Cook retains her right to due process before any removal.
  • The Fed’s independence is highlighted as a critical distinction; the ruling calls it “a bespoke arrangement to protect the Fed” (35:13).

Expert Analysis: Sarah Binder (31:08 – 36:41)

• “...for cause can't be whatever the president says it is. It can't just be, you know, something. It has to be something more than policy differences. But it can't be as low as what the government has basically hinted at.” — Sarah Binder (31:08)
• The ruling is an obstacle, not the final word. The administration can appeal—possibly all the way to the Supreme Court (33:43).
• Judge Cobb’s decision explicitly underlines the need for Fed independence and protection from political interference in monetary policy (35:13).
• “...regardless of what happens to other agency positions, for sure, this is one where the statute envisioned protection. Right? Congress wanted to protect these governors from the president just picking them off because he didn’t like them raising rates.” — Binder (35:13)

Summary and Outlook

• This case could set an important precedent about the protections of independent agencies, specifically the Fed.
• Prediction from the hosts: Unless clear criminal wrongdoing is proven, Lisa Cook stays.

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Timestamps for Major Segments

• Oracle Earnings & AI Cloud Backlog: 01:56 – 15:00
• Apple Product Event Breakdown: 19:15 – 29:31
• Fed Board & Lisa Cook Decision: 29:36 – 36:41

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Tone & Takeaways

The episode mixes sharp financial analysis with humor and candid skepticism.

• Oracle’s trajectory embodies the market’s AI euphoria—but beware the difference between contracts and cash.
• Apple’s event signals a transition from upstart innovator to mature capital operator, furthering the debate on innovation vs. financial engineering.
• The Lisa Cook judicial ruling highlights the importance of institutional independence, due process, and rule of law amid political turbulence.

For business watchers, tech market followers, or policy nerds, this episode delivers both actionable insight and sharp perspective on the week’s major market-moving events.

Transcript

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This month on Explain It To Me, we're talking about all things wellness. We spend nearly 2 trillion doll on things that are supposed to make us well. Collagen, smoothies and cold plunges, Pilates classes and fitness trackers. But what does it actually mean to be well? Why do we want that so badly? And is all this money really making us healthier and happier? That's this month on Explain It To Me presented by Pure leaf.

[Ed Elson]

Today's number 3.6 million. That's how many dollars the original Darth Vader lightsaber sold for at auction last week. That makes it the most expensive piece of Star wars memorabilia in the world. It also makes it the most expensive oath of celibacy of all time.

[Gil Luria]

Money markets matter.

[Scott Galloway]

If money is evil, then that building is hell.

[Ed Elson]

Welcome to Property Markets. I'm Ed elson. It is Sept.11th. Let's check in on yesterday's market vitals. The S&P 500 and Nasdaq closed at record highs for the second day in a row following a tame reading from the Producer Price Index. The Dow declined as falling Apple shares weighed down the index. More on that later. Meanwhile, treasury yields dropped on that PPI reading. And finally, it was a massive day for AI companies. Oracle's spectacular rally drove up stocks like Coreweave, TSMC, Broadcom, AMD and of course, Nvidia. Okay, what's happening? Oracle posted its best one day gain since 1992, driven by robust earnings and upbeat revenue guidance for the current quarter, the cloud company revealed it will collect over $455 billion in future contract revenue from the latest quarter. Part of that revenue comes from a massive deal with OpenAI, which will purchase 3,300 billion dollars in computing power over five years. And in this fiscal year, cloud revenue is projected to increase 77% to $18 billion. Shares surged 36% on this news. It also made Larry Ellison the world's richest person, worth nearly $400 billion. Okay, if you've been listening to the show for a while, you know we have been bullish on Oracle for a long time now. I first laid out our bull argument for Oracle back in March of 2024.

[Market Analyst/Commentator]

One thing that makes me actually pretty bullish on Oracle here is if you look at the cloud infrastructure market, there are four players. Basically, it's aws, it's Microsoft Azure, it's Google Cloud, and then there's Oracle. And Oracle is the only one out of those four that isn't developing its own LLMs, and therefore that isn't competing with other AI companies. So supposedly, within the AI startup community, which is obviously growing, there's actually some real incentive to partner with Oracle because you want to partner with the guy who's not going to compete with you. They're all trying to eat Amazon, Microsoft and Google's lunch. They don't have to worry about that with Oracle. And so I think that's sort of the thesis, and it's beginning to be.

[Ed Elson]

Reflected in the numbers that was March 2024. Six months later. We said it again in September.

[Market Analyst/Commentator]

Oracle is kind of the fourth musketeer when it comes to cloud computing. The options are basically Amazon, Google, Microsoft, or Oracle.

[Ed Elson]

We discussed it again during the summer of this year, and now here we are. And indeed, we have an AI company that is paying hundreds of billions of dollars to Oracle to be the compute provider. Since that first podcast we put out In March of 2024, Oracle has tripled in price. And now as of today, Oracle is up 98% year to date. So, very exciting day to be an Oracle investor. Also a huge day, as I mentioned, for Larry Ellison, whose net worth increased more than $100 billion within 40 minutes after the markets opened yesterday. Okay, for more on Oracle's earnings, let's bring in Gil Luria, head of Technology research at DA Davidson. Gil, good to have you on the program.

[Scott Galloway]

Thanks for having me.

[Ed Elson]

So, monster quarter for Oracle. Let's just start with your headline reactions. What stood out to you?

[Gil Luria]

They added more than $300 billion to their backlog, which is something I don't know I've ever seen. I don't know that that's ever happened. So that the very, very positive reaction we see today has to do with that, with the fact that they said that by 2030, they're going to get $144 billion of revenue. That's 10 times what they're doing in that cloud business right now. So that was the great news. Completely unprecedented and what got everybody excited today.

[Ed Elson]

So that was what got me excited, too. I've been bullish on Oracle for a while. The way I've sort of we've been describing it and discussing on the program as it's kind of like the fourth horseman in AI. You've got Microsoft and Amazon and Google and Oracle basically nipping their heels. And then, yeah, we see this $455 billion in remaining performance obligations that booked revenue. But then we also get this report from the Wall Street Journal, which I'd like to get your reaction to, which is reported that Oracle and OpenAI have signed this compute purchasing agreement and it's worth $300 billion. In other words, it sounds like all of that new revenue coming in from the cloud business sounds like it's all OpenAI. Is that right?

[Scott Galloway]

Aha.

[Gil Luria]

So, yeah, sometimes when you see something for the first time and it looks fantastical, it's because it is fantastical. You know, I live in the Pacific Northwest. If I walked into the forest and thought I saw Sasquatch, my initial reaction would be to get super excited. But my next reaction would be, wait a second, is that just a mangy bear? And I would say that what we found out from the Wall Street Journal today means that maybe this is a little bit of just a mangy bear. OpenAI is a not for profit that hasn't raised enough capital yet to write this big of a check. It's a not for profit that's in the process of fundraising. It has negative gross margins. We're all very excited about their product, but that's a very far reach from them being able to commit to $300 billion through 2030, in addition to their commitments to Microsoft, to Core Weave, to Stargate, to Softbank, to Crusoe, to Lambda to Google. So that may be a little bit of a reality check on what the Oracle announcement from last night actually happens to be.

[Ed Elson]

Yeah, it's really interesting. It sounds like you don't believe that that $300 billion is realistic in terms of converting that from these remaining performance obligations into real revenue. But I guess what might be helpful is some Color on what is a remaining performance obligation. I mean if they're coming out and saying in their earnings, yes, we have $455 billion in revenue in the pipeline where it's up 359%, it's ready, it's there. Does that not mean that it's signed and sealed, that OpenAI, whether or not they can afford it, they're going to have to figure out some way to show up with the money and pay it to Oracle.

[Gil Luria]

It means that there's a contract, in this case a contract between Oracle and OpenAI. No purchase orders, no revenue, no delivery of services, none of that's happened. But there's a contract and the contract could be very good. But, but it's one thing to have a contract with Microsoft or Google or Amazon, which is what we thought we heard last night, to having who are the most credit worthy companies in the world versus having a contract with a company that again is negative gross margin is going to lose a lot more than it's going to have in revenue this year and is still organized as a not for profit, is still renegotiating terms with its key investor Microsoft, which has been dragging out for months until they're done renegotiating those terms with Microsoft. Microsoft, they are limited in their ability to raise capital which they're going to again need hundreds of billions of dollars of capital to pay all the obligations that they've made. So it's not quite the same as saying that you have a contract with Microsoft when you're saying you have a contract with OpenAI.

[Ed Elson]

So just looking at the stock's reaction, because this was what jumped out to me too and I've been trying to think, okay, how are they going to pay them the money? Maybe they'll just take on a load of debt to do it. Perhaps they'll just borrow and then they give the money over to Oracle. But looking at the market's reaction, we saw a tiny bit of a pullback, but not really. I mean Oracle's still up 36%. On the day it was up 40% and then pulled back a little bit. It sounds like the market believes maybe this isn't as incredible and fantastical as they originally thought, but it's still pretty great. Any thoughts on the market's reaction?

[Gil Luria]

I think the market reacted very strongly to believing in the AI trade more than ever. That's what you saw today. That's why Nvidia was up a lot. Even companies like CoreWeave, which is a direct competitor Oracle and didn't win the business. They were up 20% today. So it was absolute euphoria around AI. So I think by the time the Journal article came out, I don't think there was a lot of critical thinking thinking. As folks and investors start to digest the news and realize what's real and what's not real, I imagine the reaction will be a little more subdued. Having said that, we're not saying OpenAI can't live up to those obligations. The success of ChatGPT is also unprecedented, right? 700 million weekly active users two years after it was zero is quite impressive. And they're very likely to continue because as we know, we're now chatgpting things, we're not googling things. So it's very possible that OpenAI will able to restructure, raise capital, grow the business, live up to these obligations. It's just not a foregone conclusion. Which also means that the capital is not going to be as easy to get. We're taught to fund all this build out. We're mostly going to be relying on debt capital, on lenders being willing to lend to OpenAI and many others now, and the competition for those loans is going to get a lot more serious. If the the market for borrowing to build data centers was mostly Core weave. In the last year, core weaves raised $10 billion of debt to build data centers. That was most of that lending market in order to satisfy OpenAI's need and Crusoe's needs and Stargate's needs. And by the way, Meta wants to borrow to build data centers and X AI Elon company wants to borrow to satisfy all of that capital. We're going to need a lot more debt issued into this market, which again is not a foregone conclusion. It's possible. It's not a foregone conclusion. Yeah.

[Ed Elson]

This is so interesting. It all kind of. I'm so glad you brought up the credit worthiness of OpenAI. The idea that this gigantic, the fact that we now have the richest man in the world who is Larry Ellison, and when you really think about it, it all kind of hinges on the creditworthiness of OpenAI. Can they raise enough money in debt? Because that's the only way that they're going to be able to fund this thing. Having said that, Oracle is expecting cloud revenue to hit $144 billion in 2030, as you said. Do you think that's realistic? Do you think that that is something we can really expect? Do you believe that number? What do you think?

[Gil Luria]

No, I don't think it's realistic. Which doesn't mean they can't grow the cloud business in a very significant way, especially this year, next year. It's one of those if you shoot for the stars, sometimes you land on the moon type of situations. But for Oracle to have a business go 10 times bigger while Microsoft is growing its Azure business 39% and Google Cloud 28% and AWS growing a much bigger business 17% and all these other upstart Neo Clouds like Core Web, to believe that all those data centers are going to get built over the next five years to generate all that revenue is very far fetched. Which isn't to say we're not going to grow AI, we're not going to grow compute, we're not going to grow data centers. All those things are happening will happen. The tools that AI is providing, those models are getting so powerful, so useful. We're bringing them into the workplace. It's not even IT departments that are giving us these tools. That's all going to happen. But to get from here to 10 times as much revenue and have that happen across the whole industry, there aren't enough chips, there isn't enough energy, there isn't enough capital to get to those types of numbers. But again, maybe they shoot for the stars and land on the moon.

[Ed Elson]

All right, thank you very much. We appreciate your time. Gil Luria, head of technology research at DA Davidson.

[Gil Luria]

Thank you, Ed.

[Ed Elson]

So let's review. $7 billion in cloud revenue last quarter. A big number, but still behind Google, which did 14 billion. Still behind AWS, which did 31 billion. The big three in cloud infrastructure are still Google, Microsoft and Amazon. Amazon is the number one with around 30% market share. However, we are now looking at nearly 80% cloud growth for Oracle in fiscal 2026. That is a big deal. We are also looking at a projected average growth of 70% over the next five years, which would mean that by the year 2030, according to those projections, Oracle's cloud business will be as big as Google's cloud business. Now, do we know that that will happen? Can we really believe in that 100%? No. As Gil said, this is a prediction, this is a projection. And so much of it hinges on that $300 billion contract with OpenAI. And we don't know for sure that OpenAI is going to make good on that contract. So we will see. But the net net of these earnings, the reason we are seeing this huge run up is the following. The fourth horseman of AI has arrived and it is Oracle hot on the tail of the three largest cloud providers in the world and in the year of AI, that is all that really matters. After the break, a look at the latest products from Apple if you're enjoying the show, give proftumarkets a follow.

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[Ed Elson]

We're back with property markets. Apple unveiled its new product lineup on Tuesday. We got a very thin iPhone, Air. We got the iPhone 17 and the iPhone 17 Pro, a new Apple Watch, and AirPods Pro 3. Apple called the event or dropping interesting new phrase. However, Wall street did not agree. Shares of Apple closed down 1.5% following the event and the next day they slid another 3%. Here to break down this product launch, we have Apple's most loyal customer ever. This individual has purchased more AirPods than the rest of America put together. He also says that if you don't own an iPhone, you can't get laid. And that actually is not a joke. That is actually what he believes. Here he is, the one and only Scott Galloway. Scott, how you doing?

[Scott Galloway]

I'm good. I didn't say can't, I just said less likely. I mean.

[Ed Elson]

But so yeah, let's talk about the product launch. Okay, We've got the iPhone 17, the iPhone 17 Pro. We've got the thin iPhone air. Were you excited by any of it? What did you think of all of these new products from Apple?

[Scott Galloway]

I thought it was a hand job on an Advil. I think it was kind of fine, but it just wasn't what we were hoping for. You know, it's just sort of look, okay, a super thin iPhone. Was anyone saying my iPhone is too thick? The iPhone, I think it seems very incremental, seems very boring. I believe that the only thing that seemed kind of interesting was this multi language automatic or AI driven, Siri driven. And AI and Siri are becoming oxymorons, but essentially real time language translation. Now, there's equivalent products already out there. You'll see on the execution. But what I have said about AirPods is that it's the most underrated tech product of the last 10 years. And that is essentially what AirPods are, which I'm wearing right now, is they're not a tech product. They're the most ubiquitous, profitable piece of jewelry ever sold. These are $300 earrings that 75% of America has purchased at whatever it is, 50 or 70 points of gross margin. So this is. AirPods are the most successful piece of jewelry in history. Their ability to transfer health information to your phone and Apple Health is basically saying kind of just borrowing utility from the Apple Watch. I think it makes the Apple Watch less utile. The upgrades or improvements to the Apple Watch seemed just incredibly mediocre. I thought the. I would describe this entire product release as Meh.

[Ed Elson]

Yeah.

[Scott Galloway]

What are your thoughts?

[Ed Elson]

I'm in complete agreement with you, Meh on everything. We've seen basically the same device for, I would say, almost 10 years now. I mean, the iPhone really hasn't changed. If you look at all of the new specs on the new iPhone, they're basically like, this one is better and it's newer and it's better and it's better. That's all they're really saying. I mean, you can zoom in further on the camera than you could on the previous iPhones. Also, it comes in orange. So on those points, that is where I stand. And by the way, we've been saying that on the product launches for the past, I don't know, one or two years. This is part of my confusion as to why this company is still valued as a growth company. They haven't been doing anything that has actually really been growing their product lines. They haven't come out with any devices that are any. That are really any good. The only new thing they've come out with is the Vision Pro. And as far as we can tell, the Vision Pro has been dead on arrival and we're still waiting for them to actually report the numbers on that device. But anecdotally, from what we have heard from external reporting, it's not doing very well. Now, the one thing that they did do that I think was interesting and new in this product launch, as you say, is that AI translation on the AirPods. The fact that you can have your AirPods in walk over to someone who's speaking another language and it will translate in your ears in real time, and then you can actually respond to them, say what you want to say, and then hold your iPhone out in front of the person and it sort of translates it for them in real time. That, to me, is kind of a game changer. That's pretty legitimate. I'm wondering if you feel the same way.

[Scott Galloway]

Yeah, but Ed, when Daddy is rolling up to the bar after a couple Decapita and Cokes, his shoulders are multilingual communication vehicles. I got the same thing accomplished with this rhythm, look. You know what I'm saying here, ladies? You know What I'm saying anyway, look these. How do we recover from that?

[Ed Elson]

The let's go Meta world renowned professor of marketing Scott Galloway.

[Scott Galloway]

Everyone understands that lingua franca, my brother. Look, what's the larger point here? AirPods that give you real time language. That's just not what the most valuable and arguably innovative company in the world or if it's number two right now behind Nvidia should be doing. And this represents and there'll be some heckling from the chief seats a transition that's taken place since Jobs left the company and that was Jobs was considered a builder. He refused to do stock buybacks. He called him financial engineering. He wanted to amass an enormous cash hoard which gave him the flexibility to take big swings and make big bets on really interesting products. He was a builder. Book came in and about the same time there was pressure from activist hedge funds who wanted share buybacks. Initially Carl Icahn Cook, probably to his credit, said it's not worth fighting and he initiated a series of share buybacks that have amounted TO I think 7 or 800 billion in some Apple could have purchased Eli Lilly or Nova Nordisk with the money they have spent buying back shares. So you've gone from builder to operator. He will get a lot of second guessing that this is a mature company trading at a growth multiple. And in order to maintain that growth multiple, which is about 33 or 34, he should be not doing financial engineering and buying back shares which admittedly for a mature company or a good way to return money to shareholders, but taking some of that money and quite frankly maybe having an AI strategy or trying to come up with a new, you know, a new vehicle for distribution. But what this will 72 hours post this this kind of product thud will be a lot of, a lot of second guessing around. All right, has this company become mature before it needed to and should be they taking some of that cash or they've purchased 40% of their outstanding shares back in the last 10 years, which means in 25 years, which isn't, you know, is long but not long, they would effectively be taking themselves private. So this is, this is a thud. The market doesn't like it. And it'll bring up a bigger question around the balance between financial engineering, returning capital to shareholders and take bigger swings when your company is valued as a growth company.

[Ed Elson]

Yeah, exactly. Product innovation and to your point on AI, what is so interesting is we heard almost nothing about AI in this product launch. I mean you'd expect that the world's most innovative company would be innovating in the most ascending technology in the world right now, which is AI. We basically heard nothing. And what we heard was we have this real time translation and that's kind of part of the AI story. But other than that, not really anything on Apple intelligence. And so it appears that the company is still behind the ball when it comes to AI. But Scott, we won't take any more of your time.

[Scott Galloway]

Just one more point, Ed.

[Ed Elson]

Yep.

[Scott Galloway]

That if you think about. I just totally lost my train of thought. Oh, my. Where am I? Mom? Re my soup. Manny, where am I? Oh, God.

[Ed Elson]

Too many beers.

[Scott Galloway]

Oh, AI. There we go.

[Market Analyst/Commentator]

Look.

[Scott Galloway]

So this is what I think happened. Tim Cook knows he needed to talk about AI. Apple has to have an AI strategy, and this is their strategy and why they didn't bring it up. Their strategy is the same as their search strategy, and that is they want to focus on their hardware products and then lend out their interface and custody of the billion most aspirational consumers in the world and license it and make the. Just as they made Apple iOS kind of the or Chrome the preferred browser of Apple phones. And they took a $25 billion royalty payment from Alphabet, of which 24.9 billion drops to the bottom line. I believe Tim Cook's strategy around AI was we don't want to get into this capital arms race. We're just going to let everyone else raise a shit ton of money and then we're going to go to Anthropic pay for access and we're going to go to OpenAI and say highest bidder gets to be the default AI amongst the billion wealthiest consumers in the world, or basically anyone that matters. And my guess is he cannot bring that up in the middle of a doj, in the midst of an environment where Google was just found guilty of monopoly power. And the remedy was they can't do direct dealings around a royalty payment for exclusive access to Chrome. This would just raise so many legal antennae if he said no. We're announcing a deal with Anthropic and they're giving us, giving us $10 billion to be the exclusive AI LLM for iOS. So my guess is this, this case that came down against Google, kind of, if you will, cleared the announcement a little bit around AI.

[Ed Elson]

Interesting. All right, we appreciate your time, Scott.

[Scott Galloway]

Where am I? That's what happens when you get to my age, Ad you literally don't know. I don't even buy green bananas anymore.

[Ed Elson]

All right, you're working too hard.

[Scott Galloway]

Yeah, I am working too hard.

[Ed Elson]

Okay. Appreciate Your time, Scott. Good night.

[Scott Galloway]

Thanks. AD.

[Ed Elson]

Trump just hit a roadblock in his attempt to fire the Fed Governor Lisa Cook. A federal judge in D.C. ruled he cannot remove her from the Federal Reserve Board. This decision comes just weeks after Trump said he fired Lisa Cook, the first time in U.S. history a president has tried to remove a fed governor. Judge Cobb wrote that Trump showed, quote, nothing related to Cook's conduct or job performance that would justify firing her. Translation Cook stays for the time being. And yes, she will be voting at the Fed meeting next week where Wall street expects that the first rate cut will come since December. Again, we did predict this a couple weeks ago. We discussed how the president can fire a governor of the Federal Reserve, but only if it is for cause. Our view is that the judge would determine that this does not qualify as for cause. Here's what we said. This dismissal, this firing is far from over. I mean, it's going to go to the courts now.

[Market Analyst/Commentator]

It might even go to the Supreme Court. It's a very big deal. And it will be up to the courts. It will be up to the justice system to decide whether an allegation of fraud meets the definition of cause. That's where we are in terms of the legal proceedings. My prediction, no, no court's going to say that just a claim meets the definition of firing for cause.

[Ed Elson]

Indeed, the judge has said no. But let's get some more analysis on this ruling. Our producer Claire Miller spoke with Sarah Binder, senior fellow in governance studies at Brookings and also professor of political science at George Washington University.

[Sarah Binder]

The key question here in this ruling that comes from the judge is what does for cause mean in this context and how was it determined? And what rights does Lisa Cook, as the governor, accused of malfeasance, what rights does she have essentially in face of these charges, which have not been obviously not been convicted or indicted? So what does this mean? Well, the judge sort of parsed through the history of both the Federal Reserve act and both other cases around the time when that provision was put into law in the 1930s. And she probed the government, the DOJ lawyers, they were in court in a hearing. What do they mean? What does Cook's lawyer think it means? And she comes down and essentially says really two things, that for cause can't be whatever the president says it is. It can't just be, you know, something. It has to be something more than policy differences. But it can't be as low as what the government has basically hinted at. And she says her reading the statute and the history it can't be for behavior before you were confirmed to office. So she argues, really, first, government hasn't met the threshold here of what counts as cause. And she said there's a procedural part, too, which is Cook is asking for basically, notice of the charges in detail and also a hearing to defend herself. And so the judge says Fifth Amendment due process, clause of protection. That hasn't been established here. And for those reasons, she comes down to say there is for cause protection, and it's not demonstrated that there is cause yet.

[Joel Paston]

And just for context for the listeners, the allegation that Trump is levying at her is that she committed the fraud in 2021, but she didn't assume her role at the Fed until 2022. Correct. So in other words, she didn't do this while she was in office. So it doesn't fall under for cause.

[Sarah Binder]

That is the judge's interpretation here.

[Joel Paston]

Okay, so all of the reporting on this decision describes it as a roadblock for Trump, but not the end of the discussion. So my question is, what more is there to talk about? Did the judge not just decide that this firing was illegal?

[Sarah Binder]

Our court system at the federal level, it's a hierarchy. So it gives the losers here, the defendant, the government here, the opportunity to appeal. And in this case, it goes to the D.C. the appellate court that sits above the D.C. circuit. And then, of course, were the president and the government to lose again, there could be a second appellate review. But ultimately, the Trump, were he to lose, the appellate court again, would appeal to the Supreme Court. And at the end of the day, what the Supreme Court says is going to be the final say here. So this, I would think of this as a road bump. I don't know, really, Is it a blockade here for the administration?

[Joel Paston]

Is your prediction that this makes it to the Supreme Court?

[Sarah Binder]

This will undoubtedly make its way there, assuming that the administration loses again at the appellate court. But even my guess is Cook would eventually appeal to the Supreme Court to get a final say.

[Joel Paston]

I want to get your take on this line from the decision from Judge Cobb. She wrote, quote, the public interest in Federal Reserve independence weighs in favor of Cook's reinstatement. So really, this decision is not just as simple as this. Firing wasn't for cause. Case closed. Actually, Judge Cobb is kind of weighing in on this larger issue of Fed independence. So I'd like to get your take on that line.

[Sarah Binder]

So she's doing that for a reason, which is. Think of it this way. We've had many other cases during 2025 where Trump has summarily dismissed agency members and commissioners even though their statute also said you have forecast protection. But the Supreme Court has let those firings go ahead while the courts, these cases play out in the lower courts. But the Supreme Court did say in one roughly similar case, they said, don't think this applies to the Federal Reserve because the Federal Reserve is this unique institutional body. So what the judge is doing here is using that she quotes directly from the Supreme Court what some people call a bespoke arrangement to protect the Fed. And she's saying, look, the Fed is special. We do expect it to be insulated from political pressures and insulated from just summarily dismissing a governor cuz you don't like their votes on monetary policy. And so that's what she's doing here. She's not making a rule for all independent agencies. She's making one specific and saying regardless of what happens to other agency positions, for sure, this is one where the statute envisioned protection. Right? Congress wanted to protect these governors from the president just picking them off because he didn't like them raising rates.

[Ed Elson]

For instance, that was Professor Sarah Binder from George Washington University. As you just heard, this will now likely go to the Supreme Court. The next question is, of course, how will the Supreme Court respond? They do often rule in line with this administration. However, the case here, it simply looks too weak. I mean, until Lisa Cook is proven to have engaged in fraud, until a court rules, yes, she did commit a crime, she was unable to serve properly as governor. Until all of that happens, you don't have much of a case here. And so our prediction, unless a criminal offense is proven, Lisa Cook stays. Okay, that's it for today. This episode was produced by Claire Miller, edited by Joel Paston and engineered by Benjamin Spencer. Our associate producer is Alison Weiss. Our research team is Dan Shalon, Isabella Kinsel, Kristen o' Donoghue and Mia Silverio. And our technical director is Drew Burrows. Thank you for listening to Prof. G Market from Prof. Gmedia. I'm Ed Elson. If you liked what you heard, give us a follow and join us tomorrow for our conversation with Justin Wolfers, Limu.

[Scott Galloway]

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[Ed Elson]

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