
Hosted by Donald Carveth · EN

In his 1905 essay on psychotherapy Freud elaborates the distinction between painting (pouring on) and sculpture (chipping away). Classical defense and resistance analysis seeks to emancipate the true self.

While Freud, Klein and Kohut speak of internalizing good objects, Winnicott speaks of the "going-on-being" of the true self that should not be impinged upon or abandoned.

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Guilt evasion. Types of guilt. Conscious/unconscious, Persecutory/reparative, Justified/unjustified, Survivor or success guilt, Collective guilt, etc.

Just as Klein and Grinberg distinguished two kinds of guilt, J. Rejd Meloy distinguished two kinds of pstychopathy,, primary and secondary; amd Sidney J. Blatt distinguished introjective and anaclitic depression; so we need to distinguish persecutory and reparative shame.

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Dr Carveth begins by describing the difference between the narcissistically based superego from the object-oriented conscience. He sees the former as culturally derived and the latter as biologically given. We discuss how in the clinical situation persecutory guilt, i.e., superego, may often be emphasized to defend against the vulnerabilities associated with loving and being loved. We consider the use and overuse of the concept of trauma in contrast to intrapsychic conflict, and he distinguishes between empathy and sympathy. He shares his view that the edges of our political parties are imbued with the self-certainty born from the paranoid position. Ultimately, he concludes, "I'm not afraid that analysis will disappear – people who have problems with their soul will seek out soul doctors."

Dr. Carveth discusses the differences between guilt that reflects concern for the other and alternatively self-abuse that serves narcissistic purposes. The former relates to Klein's depressive/reparative stage, labeled 'conscience' by Carveth, and the latter derives from the paranoid/schizoid position, labeled 'superego'. We review varying technical approaches to each of these clinical presentations and note that the countertransference provides vital guidance in understanding the state of the analysand's mind. We close by considering how the capacity to bear guilt may be a measure of the maturation of a civilization.

Freud, Lacan, Mead and Christianity on narcissism.

Carveth/Lusensky: Is Psychoanalysis a Path to Salvation? A Freudian and a Jungian dialogue about psychoanalysis and Christianity