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A
Ridiculous History is a production of iHeartradio. Welcome back to the show, fellow ridiculous historians. Thank you as always, so much for tuning in. Let's hear it for the man, the myth, the legendary super producer, Max the cutest, Kewpie Williams.
B
You guys remember Muppet Babies? Did you ever watch Muppet Babies?
A
I am aware of the social phenomena of Muppet Babies, but not to sound like Egon Spangler here. Noel. You're Noel Brown. I'm Ben Bollen. I missed that part of childhood.
B
I was the exact right age for it. For whatever reason, it may have been on originally or it may have been reruns on Nickelodeon, but it's all of your favorite Muppets. But they're babies and they are overseen or watched over by a faceless character just named Nanny. And you only ever see your legs.
A
Oh, old school. Cartoon style.
B
Yeah, it's pretty great. It's pretty great. The opening theme song lives rent free in my head much of the time. I'm not gonna.
A
Can you please?
B
I'll do a little bit of it. It's like when your room looks kinda weird and you wish that you weren't there. Just close your eyes and make believe and you. Anyway, and there were a lot of. I think it was owned by Steven Spielberg's company, maybe because it was. There were a lot of references to, like, you know, they live in this fantasy world and sometimes they're like Indiana Jones kind of adventures, stuff like that. We're not talking about Muppet babies today, though.
A
No, we're talking about Kewpie babies, with some help from our research associate, Ren. You might not know these by name, but these little dolls, these little collectibles have been around for over a century. This is an I heart podcast. Guaranteed human. Guys, I gotta tell you, I've been. I think, Noel, you might know a little bit about this. Max, you and I definitely talked about it. My girlfriend has this fascination with a thing called Labubu. And it's very much now, it's very much a conspiratorial thing, like Labubu. People recognize each other and they know each other. And Max is nodding here. You saw it too, huh?
B
I thought the Labubu wave had kind of crested a little bit. But maybe all the better for true Labubu enthusiasts, because there was a time when, at the height of its popularity, where you couldn't get one. And south park made an episode where people were, like, literally using them to do satanic rituals. And it was, you know, quite the Tickle Me Elmo phenomenon. For a minute. But they're really cut. They're a part of that whole world of little plastic and or furry toys from a place called Popmart. There's a ton of other types. Often they come in these blind boxes where, you know, it's a series. You don't know which one you're gonna get. And one that's super popular now and I think even a little hard to get in some places are a series called Sawney Angels. Oh. Which are little naked babies that very much resemble the iconic early 1900s Kewpie dolls.
A
And shout out to the troll dolls as well. We're not going to forget about those. Yeah, you're. You're bringing up the best comparison possible. The kewpie dolls originate in the early 1900s as a cartoon feature in a magazine. But then they become this mascot in a very interesting way. Like, to date, you know, we can. We can see kewpie dolls in mayonnaise. Right. In Japanese mayo.
B
Well, we did just do that episode and it's sort of a coincidence that we ended up doing these back to back. There was a little bit of parallel thinking going on. But we will have a little ref to the kewpie mayo and how they were inspired by this toy phenomenon. Can I do a really quick description, Ben? I don't typically quote Google AI results, but this one's just so silly that I have to do. The physical features of the kewpie dolls are described as nude, chubby, sexless baby bodies with small distinct wings on their back and a cowlick. Tuft of hair.
A
It's the tuft of hair. Well done. No matter how you have encountered these things, the kewpies or kewpie dolls are inherently adorable. They're inherently endearing and lovable. They are also, as we're gonna learn today, a symbol of counterculture and a top notch example of how kindness can inspire social change. We've gotta introduce the one and only Rose Cecil o'. Neil.
B
Yeah. When you look at the design of these kewpie dolls, it does have a bit of a cartoonish illustratorly, if that's a word at all. Quality. Sort of an uncanny valley. Like this idea of what maybe a little cartoon stylized baby. The proportions are a little off in a delightful way, much like the troll. And I would argue, I think it's not that far of a walk that the sexless bodies of the troll dolls are also inspired by the kewpie doll phenomenon created by Rose Cecil o', Neill, who was an illustrator. She was born in Pennsylvania in 1870. 4. Her family took a literal covered wagon to old Nebraska to make a life for themselves on the homestead. They raised a family outside of Omaha. O' Neill's father was a bookseller and an aspir. Along with their mother, who was a musician. They nurtured her early artistic leanings.
A
Beautiful. And folks, if you heard me quietly giggling in the background there as Noel, you were doing that excellent introduction. It's because, dude, I could 100% tell that you were having fun saying sexless bodies.
B
It's a fun thing to say. I'm sorry. I'll probably say it again. I can't lean into the covered wagon. Part of it. Of it all. Because the next part is like something out of, literally, Jack and the Beanstalk.
A
Oh, it's so cool. It's folklore, right? So, okay, so Rose is 13 years old, and she wins a drawing contest in the Omaha World Herald. And by 19, she becomes an aspiring novelist. We've all been there.
B
It's an interesting place to be. Varying results. You're definitely. You're more than aspiring.
A
Ah, that's too kind, man. Thank you. So Rose's parents. This is why we're saying this kind of Jack and Beanstalk esque. Rose's parents are so supportive of their daughter that they sell their cow to send her to New York City. And this is where she gets a job as a cartoonist. By the time she's 23 years old, pretty young, she is the first female artist on staff at a magazine called Puck, which was a very big deal at the time.
B
Haven't heard of that one. Awesome name for a magazine. And I just can't get over they sold the family cow, Ben. They sold the cow because they believed in her that much. And they knew that a cow in the hand is not necessarily better than an artist in the bush. And that's what she became. And she made a cow for you guys. Oh, thanks, man. I would too, but it really does. I mean, it's such a. A show of support and utter belief in their child. And she made good on this arrangement in a big way.
A
Oh, yeah. Yeah. She became one of the highest paid illustrators in all of New York. And if we fast forward 1909, our hero Rose is 35 years old. This is where she debuts the first Kewpie cartoon in the December issue of something called Ladies Home Journal. That's Kewpie spelled K E W P I, E. Yeah.
B
And they were an instant hit, at least, you know, in the printed form. And when she was interviewed by the press about what inspired her to create this character? She claimed that she just dreamed them up in bed with fertile imagination that she has. Suddenly, she said, they were bouncing about over the COVID chirping the little newbor name. Kewpie Cutie. Cutie. I guess she made the name up from whole cloth. I don't know. An etymological connection for Kewpie Dream logic, I think. That's right. One perch, she said, in my hand like a bird. It wasn't warm like a human baby. It was oddly cool. So I knew. Wait a minute. They were elves.
A
Yeah. You say you're Cupies, short for Cupids? Rose asked, and they nodded their little heads. This is coming to us from, by the way, folks, the International Rose o' Neill Club Foundation. However, Rose makes a very important folkloric distinction. She says, unlike fairies or elves, the Kewpies are not tricksters. Instead, they are kind characters. They show up to help people who need help, or they show up to cheer up children. That's what they do.
B
A bit of a Care Bears kind of situation. Proto Care Bears for sure. A lot of those positive cartoons in the 80s. And according to O', Neill, this is another coming back to a quote. Cupies are always searching out ways to make the world better and funnier. They had real sense of humor.
A
I like that. I like that, too.
B
Cupids, of course, they do have little wings. That makes sense. There's that etymological connection I was looking for. Yeah.
A
We also know that this becomes a viral hit. Ladies Home Journal is not prepared for the popularity of the Kewpie cartoons. There are multiple instances of children and parents alike sending fan mail to Rose o', Neill, and they say, we love your Cupy cartoons. Please make more of these. Eventually, o' Neill says, why don't we take it off the page? Why don't we make an actual doll that kids can have and play with 100%?
B
So she commissions a German manufacturer to make the first prototypes of the Kewpie doll out of a material called porcelain bisque.
A
I'm not familiar with that one.
B
It's not a soup. I don't think it is some sort of, you know, plaster cast kind of situation. I imagine porcelain dolls, which were, you know, finer dolls. I guess at the time, they were just the material that was most commonly used. But now maybe when we think of porcelain dolls, we think of collectible and sought after, but that's probably just the vintageness of the whole deal. The original dolls came in nine distinct sizes, with the largest selling for five bucks. Or let's do it.
A
Let's do a beep inflation calculator. If we could. Max.
B
And a boop. And a boop boop.
A
So $5 in 1912 is the equivalent of $178 in 2026. These are pricey dolls.
B
As for the Big Boy. And the Smallest was only 10 cents, or about $3.50. About $350amount. The dolls were, as you can imagine, Ben, Elf on the Shelf level popular, hugely sought after. It was the hottest toy item around. And by the 1920s, she created another line, versions called the Cuddle Kewpies, also
A
with a K. Right. And fast Forward to the 1940s. The Kewpie dolls are mass produced using plastic materials. The Kewpie becomes this international phenomenon. I love your comparison to Elf on the Shelf. Think also of like Cabbage Patch Dolls. Right. Or of course, the Trolls or maybe Elmo. Every so often the Kewpie. Or Tickle Me Elmo.
B
Right. Or even a touch of the Beanie Babies.
A
Ah, there it is.
B
If you're feeling it. Yeah.
A
This global appeal. This brand grows beyond cartoons and physical dolls. Now you see the Kewpie image stamped on china for nurseries. You see it turned into hood ornaments for vehicles. And then weirdly on ashtrays.
B
Weirdly on ashtrays. And as Ren pointed out, I don't think we mentioned this, they have kind of a comeback in the form of tattoos. There's like a kind of style of tattoos that folks are getting. Shout out. She says to Hot Stuff Tattoo in Asheville, North Carolina. It's so interesting. Kewpie has almost become like Xerox or, you know, there's a name for that thing like. Or a Coke, you know, for a stand in for soda.
A
Eponymous tree.
B
There you go.
A
Yeah.
B
Kewpie now is just thought of as almost like just the stand in for a little. Little cute Bobble kind of toy.
A
Okay, I could get with that.
B
Yeah, not quite, but you know what I'm saying. It's almost like it's taken on a life of its own in terms of what people think of. It's not necessarily associated with o' Neill or a specific brand. It's just so universal now.
A
Yeah. And also, o' Neill does well with this. To be clear, she's not an inventor who got ripped off. Like the person who figured out the landlord's game and then had that stolen and transformed into Monopoly. Or now Rose becomes a millionaire due to her cupie innovation, her cupie empire. And this occurs at a time when most women could not achieve economic Independence. Check out our earlier episode on credit cards, by the way, for some really disturbing history about gender disparity in the U.S. dude, she had a mansion in Connecticut, a Kewpie mansion.
B
I wonder if it was stylized in any way. Have you ever been to Babyland General?
A
Yes. Here in Georgia.
B
Right. The home of the Cabbage Patch Kids. It's an interesting place to go. They have this whole area where you can see your Cabbage Patch doll be birthed from a hole in a giant sort of paper mache or plaster kind of looking tree. Yeah, it's an odd place, actually. Early birthday party location for my kid back in the day.
A
Oh, that's awesome, man. They also have a heck of a bluegrass festival, so if you get time. It is a palatial estate. The Cabbage Patch thing, like the yard is so big.
B
Well, and I think it's worth that comparison or it's an apt one because another thing that you'll see in that Babyland General is a lot of these Andy Warhol images. He was a huge fan of just like iconic Americana pop cultural phenomenons. And the Kewpie doll would have been a kind of proto version of that to what the Cabbage Patch Kids became. Maybe even more so, because we also have to remember, and Ren points this out, this is pre Mickey Mouse.
A
Yes. Yeah. So before the advent of the Big Mouse, Kewpies were probably the best known and most well loved cartoon characters in US pop culture. Through her Kewpie empire, Rose purchases Carabas Castle. That's the mansion we're talking about in Westport, Connecticut. And then she buys a via a villa in Capri. This is where she holds salons. Right. Intellectual hangouts. She invites other artists to kick it. Talk about art, talk about history, talk about literature. She also gets back to her earlier love, which is writing very bodice ripping gothic romance novels. Ooh la la.
B
Okay. And this is a little sad, but it's got kind of a silver lining. The Great Depression hits such a great Depression, as you point out often, Ben. And photography really starts to take over the pictures that are featured in magazines. So illustrators are having a harder time getting gigs. And I wouldn't necessarily think that she would have relied on that kind of employment since she had made such a mint with the Kewpie doll phenomenon. But apparently, after spending a chunk of that change on her properties, her mansion and her villa, she did in fact pass away in 1944 without a whole lot of money left to her name. But that's because she spent such a huge part of her fortune on Family and friends, right?
A
Yeah. She was trying to help everybody, you know, and sometimes that can be an unrewarding thing, but she definitely changed the world. And you might be asking yourself here, folks, why are we calling this the feminist history of the Kewpie Dol? Here's part of why. When Rose o' Neill was born, some US states still had laws about something called coverture.
B
I didn't know this term, Ben, but I definitely know the concept. The idea that a woman's entire financial legal personhood was linked to either their father or more commonly, their husband. Cause it was also like a big no no to be an unwed woman in this time. And this essentially deprived them of any kind of individual liberty when it came to representing themselves, owning or inheriting property, having control of financial affairs and entering into legal contracts or filing lawsuits.
A
Yeah, this was never officially abolished at the federal level, but women could own property in all US states by 1900. Still, the journey toward equality continued. Women were at this time prohibited from voting, from running for office, getting a divorce, keeping their maiden name, going on a jury, even having their own passports. It was a very nasty time.
B
I mean, it reminds me of the kind of hellish situation we heard about with Britney Spears. The idea of being in a conservatorship where all of your affairs and, you know, individual rights and liberties are at the behest of someone kind of lording over you.
A
Yeah. It wasn't until 1920 that the US Congress would pass the 19th Amendment. The 19th Amendment allowed white women in the United States to vote in elections. However, this right didn't come about all of a sudden. There wasn't a huge burst of conscientiousness on the part of Uncle Sam. It's because of people like Rose o'. Neill.
B
Lot of arm twisting, lot of putting on the pressure required. And we certainly have talked about women's suffrage movement and various interesting and maybe a little off the beaten path aspects of it, like the hat pin, women, all that stuff. Do check out some of those episodes in the Ridiculous archive. So at the height of, let's call it the Kewpie craze, because that's what a research associate Ren calls it. Capitalized it. Love it. O' Neill leveraged the trademark and copyrights that she possessed to make an estimated $1.4 million or a boop and a boop boop
A
da da bump inflation calculator. You have taught us $1.4 million back then is equal to more than 35 million DOL. And that's thanks to Smithsonian magazine and
B
the inflation calculator, of course.
A
Yes.
B
So, you know, despite a lot of these societal limitations that were placed on women, you know, money talks. O' Neal had that. She certainly was able to overcome a lot of these things, essentially as a product of how rich she was.
A
Yeah. She got divorced twice at a time when a lot of people did not have the legal wherewithal to get divorced once. She overcame so many barriers, and when she reached these upper heights of the economic pyramid, she didn't forget about the rest of the people on the planet. She used her platform as this celebrity illustrator to advocate for suffrage for the female right to vote. O' Neill is not just a cartoonist. She is not just a gothic novelist. She is an activist. She is in the women's marches in New York City. She carries a banner to represent for female illustrators, for sure.
B
And she essentially donated her iconic Kewpie doll imagery to the cause. It was something that was so recognizable. And, you know, just that kind of familiarity can be such a powerful tool to spread an important message. One of the versions of which was Give Mother the Vote. We need it on an image or a poster featuring these Kewpie dolls marching in lockstep as though they were there at the women's march themselves, with the lead Kewpie holding a sign, a flag, reading, votes for our mothers. Our food, our health, our play, our homes, our schools, our work are ruled by men's votes. Isn't that a funny thing that Father cannot see why Mother ought to have a vote on how these things should be. Think it over.
A
Think it over.
B
Think it over.
A
Think it over. Yes, we cannot commend Rose enough. She also purchased a billboard to feature suffragette cupies in New York City. She made postcards, she made posters raising money for the National American Women's Suffrage Association. She once proclaimed, and this is coming to us, courtesy of the National Women's hall of Fame, the following. I have a thrilling hope that women are going to do something glorious in the arts. It is my passionate conviction. I am always indignant when women are denied creative power in art. That it has not been widely shown itself proves nothing. It is stupid to expect free things from a race of slaves. Okay, she's not saving anything for the swim back on that one.
B
No, she's leaving it all on the dance floor.
A
Because we know that she also would arrange for dolls in. You could call it propaganda, really. Arranged for Kewpie dolls in suffragette sashes to fall down on a bunch of suffragettes. So imagine you are protesting for a righteous cause. And you happen to love Labubu, and all of a sudden, partway through your march, Labubu rains down.
B
That sounds terrifying, Ben. A rain of Labubus? No, thank you.
A
It sounds like a weird curse, right? A rain of nabubu upon your house.
B
It is a bit of a plague, but a delightful plague, depending on, you know, how into Labubus you are.
A
So here we have it, man. The kewpie doll history is oddly forgotten nowadays, especially given the huge role it played in women's suffrage and the push for gender equality. We also have to shout out, of course, kewpie mayo once again. As we know, our boy Nakashima figured it out. Please check out our mayonnaise episode for that story. And I love the way, by the way, I love the way you described kewpie mayonnaise. I was re Listening to that.
B
Oh, geez. What did I say?
A
You said, okay, you. You spent some time talking about the container, right? It's two containers. It's a plastic bag, and then it's a thing that looks like a baby action figure, basically. And then you talked about the taste, and we started talking about, like, Duke's mayonnaise and other versions of mayonnaise. I just thought it was really well done. And I have to confess to you, my friend, it changed my mind. I think I'm gonna. I think I'm gonna hold off on the Kewpie man.
B
Okay, fair enough. Ben. I thought it'd be worth, before we wrap up, just doubling back on something really quickly. We've often talked about how powerful satirical cartoons can be and how some of the earliest examples of political cartoons, they just communicate so much with so little. And it's a way of just kind of laying in stark contrast, like, how things really are versus maybe how politicians or people in power may tell you things are. And while the original versions of the Kewpie dolls and the cartoons were not necessarily that, they did start to take on a little bit more of, like, a mocking, satirical quality, kind of making fun of elitist middle class reformers. This is from Smithsonian magazine as well. And further beyond just the women's rights aspect of it, supporting racial equality and also advocating. Advocating for the poor. So o' Neill really kind of put her money where her mouth was because this could certainly have been seen as a way of maybe torpedoing the brand. We know that, like, big brands do not like to get in the mix with politics. And she did something that I would say is historically pretty unique in being
A
willing to do that very Brave as well. I would say there. There's a brilliant propagandistic value in having a friendly baby appear to tell the truth, right? Just saying, oh, I'm a cute baby. I'm a Muppet, for instance. That's basically what a kewpie is, right? I'm a Muppet. And even I know that there are things that we can do to improve society. I thought that was a really smart way to get the message across. We also have to give a shout out to kewpie in tattoo culture. In the 1950s, the legendary tattoo artist Mike Rollo Malone started putting kewpie images in his flash design. And excuse me, that's the 1970s when Mike starts doing this. Now it's become solidified as part of tattoo culture. So if you have a friend who is a tattoo artist, they can probably hook you up with a kewpie.
B
I may have misstated early on in the episode when I mentioned the whole tattoo angle of it all, that it was sort of a newer phenomenon. It is maybe a little more compared to how there are, like, vintage styles of tattoos that sort of come and go in popularity, like sailor tattoos or certain kind of like old school art styles that, you know, seem to have little bursts of popularity. And it would seem, per Wren in that incredible tattoo shop in Asheville that she mentioned, that it's kind of having a bit of a comeback. I did want to maybe wrap with just one quote from a person that we haven't named that Smithsonian magazine leans on really heavily and their wonderful. The prolific illustrator behind Kewpies used her cartoon for women's rights. Susan Scott, who is the president of the board at the Bonnie Brook Historical Society, which is a nonprofit that mission is to educate the public about oneills life, had this to say about that. Kind of very brave, like you said, Ben move taking an iconic and lucrative piece of intellectual property into the political sphere. And she said this of kind of the perspective of the time. What was neat was that she was able to use this popular character for suffrage. And it got people's attention. Some people would go, how could she use the kewpie for suffrage? Why is she getting them involved in politics? And then other people just really didn't even notice. They thought, oh, isn't that cute?
A
Votes for women.
B
Oh, okay.
A
That's the brilliant propaganda we're talking about. You know, this is.
B
Is it propaganda if it's for a good cause? I'm not questioning you. I just think it's something like. It's an interesting line because we think of Propagand as maybe the government trying to pull the wool over people's eyes. But at its best, advertising can be seen as propaganda.
A
Edward Bernays.
B
100% Edward Bernays. Check out one of the early episodes. I think maybe the verse of Stuff They Don't Want yout to Know as an audio podcast. But yeah, it's interesting. It depends on what side of the issue you fall. Whether something is just spreading a good message or whether it's propaganda.
A
A PSA can be propaganda. You know, dare to keep a kid off drugs. That was propaganda. And by the way, thanks for the shirt, everybody.
B
Oh, I've got a good one too, Ben. It finally fits.
A
We've also got a deep dive on propaganda. And before we wrap here, I am going to say it on air. History of tattoos. We should do it.
B
Oh, my gosh. Yeah, the earliest. You know, it's funny, Ben, I'm 42 years old and I only have just started getting tattoos in the last couple of years as a way of. Of helping my kid learn how to tattoo. I was just like, yeah, whatever, gimme a stick and poke, let's do it. But the early days of tattoos and the tribal aspects of it are fascinating and some of the methods that are used and how closely tied to various indigenous cultures tattooing is. So do highly recommend to us, me, you, and Max that we do this episode in the very near future.
A
We absolutely will. And we can't thank you enough for joining us for that episode on tattoos as well as this episode on the feminist history of Kewpie dolls. Ooh, ooh, ooh.
B
Last thing. I just wanna say sexless bodies one more time.
A
Do you think we're gonna do that?
B
Well, only because one of the last bits of trivia that Ren included was that Kewpie dolls are referenced in a song by the incredible Minnesota rock band the replacements in 1984 called androgynous. And that is because of the Kewpie Dolls lack of genitalia. The song's lyrics are often cited as being ahead of their time as they address more non traditional gender norms with tolerance and acceptance.
A
Okay, do you want to say sexless Body one more time?
B
I think I've had my film.
A
You're good. All right, folks. Well, that is actually our show now. Thank you again for joining us. We can't wait to hear your thoughts as we explore the history of tattoos. Big. Big thanks to our research associate, Ren. Big thanks to our super producer, the cutest man and the biz, Max Williams. Also downright cherubic Very much so. A kind angel as well. Big thanks to Alex Williams, who composed this track. And Noel, I gotta ask you, do you think Jonathan Strickland, AKA the Quizzer, collects cupidolls?
B
I don't know, but he kind of looks like one. I mean, I mean, we'll bring it a little dippity do on the top, though. It's as smooth as eggs.
A
We'll have to bring it up when we have him back on the show. Perhaps sooner than we think. We never really know.
B
You don't. He just sometimes materializes. And spoiler alert, I think he may be materializing in the very near future. Although I know we've teased that in the past and it has not come to be. But knock on wood or cross yourself, you know, dealer's choice. I think we might be seeing him pretty soon and I just wanted a last thing. Mike Kid actually has a fun little collection of kewpie dolls. Certainly old school vintage ones like the. Certainly the Basque or the porcelain bisque. Porcelain ones would be worth a pretty penny, but there are lots of more modernized versions of them. I mean, again, the Sawney Angels. And a lot of these, you know, kawaii little blind box toys.
A
Twinkle something.
B
Oh man, they owe a debt of gratitude. Gratitude to o' Neal and her nude, chubby, sexless baby bodies.
A
I knew you were gonna do it. Big thanks to. Big thanks to, of course, AJ Bahamas Jacobs, Dr. Rachel Big Spinach Lance, the rude dudes of ridiculous crime. If you dig us, you'll love them. Christopher Hacio Des Eves, Jeff Coat here in spirit and no thank you.
B
And also with you, my friend. We'll see you next time, folks. For more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows. This is an iHeart podcast.
A
Guaranteed Human.
Hosts: Ben Bowlin & Noel Brown
Episode Date: February 24, 2026
Podcast: iHeartPodcasts
This episode dives deep into the unexpectedly rich and radical history of the Kewpie doll, tracing its origins from a whimsical cartoon character to a symbol of feminist activism. Hosts Ben and Noel explore how Rose Cecil O’Neill, Kewpie’s creator, used the iconic cherubic doll for social change, particularly in support of women’s suffrage, and discuss its continuing influence in pop and tattoo culture.
Rose O’Neill’s Suffrage Slogan ([22:03])
On Challenging Norms ([22:58])
On Combining Pop and Politics ([28:00])
Classic Ben & Noel Banter
For further exploration: