A (5:42)
Not, yeah, it's apostasy. It's not the same thing. But people could be and were cut off in the Joseph Smith era of the church for flagrant violations of the Word of Wisdom. But whenever they're doing that, it is always, at least from all the cases I'm thinking of in my mind, nearly always. Let me say that because I don't want to be too. Blanket statement over drunkenness. That was, that was the line, right? To drink is one thing. If you're drunk, then that's a problem. And so while they had a more lax view on the Word of Wisdom than we do today, in some ways they actually had it harsher in one, in one very particular way, and that is you could face serious church discipline, which the only discipline they had was excommunication for being drunk. And now you could be readmitted too, right. Very quickly. You'd have a year waiting period. It's not, that's all more modern. But there was that in general, however, there was a, a, there was almost a regional or, or local reaction to the Word of Wisdom. Some people. Now, this is going to be hard for you to believe, but imagine a world in which some members of the church were more aggressive about certain doctrines than other members were. And the ones that they picked as their favorite doctrine was the one that was the only thing they ever talked about. You know, that, that, that certainly is going on where you have some locales of the church where they see any. They do want to see the Revelation as a kind of teetotaling document, a document where you don't ever take these substances at all. But by and large, and this is a generalization, so if you, if you're thinking of some exceptions. Yes, that's why I say, by and large, the way that it's viewed is one of explanation of neither by commandment nor by constraint, unless you are flagrantly and publicly violating in the sense of getting drunk. Right. Smoking a pipe was not going to be enough to have any kind of disciplinary counsel on the Word of Wisdom. Now, there were others who felt far more strongly about it. Brigham Young talks about multiple times that one of the people who was the most intense about the Word of Wisdom is Hyrum Smith. Hyrum Smith. And we even have a sermon from Hyrum Smith that was published in the Times and Seasons where he talks very rigorously about, about the word of wisdom that, you know, that this is a commandment that people need to be living. He feels very strongly about it. And Brigham Young would comment on it. You know, Hiram Smith could talk about the word of wisdom for three hours. He could. He could. Now, that's not really saying a whole lot, since they could go to church meetings that lasted 12, I guess, but. But Hiram could at least fill three hours of that talking about the word of Wisdom. He felt very strongly about it. But in general, it is not a defining characteristic of the church. Right. Church members still drink coffee and they drink tea. They still smoke. They don't do it in the school of the prophets, but they still smoke and they still. They still drink alcohol. But the idea is that it's. There's. As Joseph will say, so in 1844, Joseph Smith's going to say, there is no excuse for a man to drink and get drunk in this church. Right. That's kind of where he's at by the end of his life, is that drinking alcohol in small quantities is not in and of itself the sin. Getting drunk is a big sin. And that's where it's at at the time. After the, you know, after the murder of Joseph Smith and after the church moves to Utah, there are more and more efforts placed in re emphasizing the spiritual purity that comes by following the word of Wisdom. And, you know, here's an example of one of them. This is from a Brigham Young sermon, October 8, 1859. Again, this is an unpublished one, so it's going to be kind of rough as I read it, because this is just really the shorthand notes that the scribe is taking. My counsel of the elders of Israel is to let cursed whiskey and brandy alone. I want to tell you how you look to me. Although I've been a man of the world, I've been in the same world, same as you. There are scores of you that are not here, but are drunk right now. And it's my positive council and my command. If I had all the power that the world says I have to. To influence you, I would not have a drunkard, a thief, or a liar if I had the power of this people they say I have. I don't profess to have this power at all, but I'll use that language now. If I could, I would command you, elders of Israel, in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, to cease getting drunk. Tell your neighbors, how shall we increase? How shall we overcome? Don't you sip another drop of liquor from this time henceforth until you need it. Now, notice that even as Brigham's, that's pretty forceful language, right? But even as he's being forceful about it, what's he focusing on? Being drunk. And there's an allowance, right? You should not do this except in cases you know, and here he provides some of the exceptions until you need it. But you say, well, you need it when we get it. I will be your physician in this thing as long as you're able to walk and tend to your business. And you say that you need ardent spirits to keep life within you. It is a folly. The constitution that a man has within him or a woman has should be nourished and cherished. And whenever you or I take anything into our system to stimulate the animal far and above that is in us, it is to intrude upon the constitution that's within us. And every time we make an intrusion upon this constitution, we shorten the life of it. I'm a physician enough to know this, that when you are tired, you need. And you think you need to take a little liquor, take a little meal, bread and butter, and go to bed and rest and not work too hard and labor so hard that you have to get half drunk to keep your spirits up. If you do that, you will be full of life and health and increase in your intelligence and joy and comfort. I further request. A little further. I've requested the high priest, the 70s, the elders, the high Council, and the bishops to deal with men that will make a practice of getting drunk. And if they don't stop it, cut them off from the church. Why? Because God has no fellowship with them. Angels have none with them. Holy women that have loved ones do not have fellowship with them. And. And whether I am well or not, I have no fellowship with them. So you can see that the real focus is on this kind of excess, this idea of drunkenness and Brigham providing counsel on the other side. And that is. Look, if you're working so hard that you have to be half plastered to be able to do it, then it's time for you to go take a nap. It's time for you, you know, which is, I think, counsel that all of us feel like, well, Brigham Young told me, I have to take a nap. I mean, all of us would love the counsel of taking a nap, but you kind of get that idea. And again, notice he's not saying that we're going to cut off anyone who violates the word of wisdom. What's he saying? If you have people in your. In the 70s, the elders, the high Council, bishops, if. If you have people that are habitually getting drunk, you're going to tell them you have to stop getting drunk. And if they refuse to stop getting drunk, well, then we're going to cut them off from the church. Brigham will, in another sermon, talk about how so many people are desperate to get back to Jackson county, how they want to get back. And in that conversation, he will say, you know, everyone's urging, and go back. But let me ask you a question. Are you. I'm paraphrasing here, obviously. Are you keeping the word of wisdom? Are you. Are you still drinking alcohol? Well, yes. Well, is your wife still drinking tea? Well, yes. Are your boys still drinking coffee and getting drunk? Well, yes. Well, you're not ready to go back to Zion yet. So Brigham also sees the word of Wisdom as, in a way, this kind of purifying thing, and I know we talked about this at the end of our last podcast, that in a lot of ways, the same way the children of Israel marked their doors, Latter Day Saints mark themselves by the fact that they follow it. Now, please don't misunderstand me. I am not saying that if you obey the word of wisdom, then that means you are a wonderfully righteous person and you are just the greatest person who ever lived. And someone who isn't obeying the word of wisdom is a horrible sinner. The reality is, only Latter Day Saints have been put under covenant to follow the word of wisdom. So not only is someone who's not a Latter Day Saint not a sinner because they're drinking coffee, it'd be really weird that we think they are because only we made that covenant. That would be like a Jewish person seeing me eat bacon and not just think, well, I. I don't do that because God commanded me not to, but think that I'm an evil person because I'm eating it, Right? It wouldn't. It's kind of a non sequitur. So I'm not saying that if you obey the word of Wisdom, that proves that you're a wonderfully righteous person. But let me flip it around the other way. I will say that if you've made a covenant to obey the word of wisdom and you're not doing that, then whatever else is going on in your life, there must be something that is separating you from the love of Christ because you made the covenant to not partake of those substances, and you are. So while I don't think it's an indicator of how wonderfully righteous you might be, it certainly can be an Indicator to us of whether or not we are. Are on the right path towards our becoming like our savior. I mean, the word of Wisdom is one of those things that you can be, you know, for lack of a better term, perfect dad. Right. If you ask me, you know, have I been kind today? Well, let me go pull all my children and see what they say. Right. It'll be hard for me to be very adamant about how kind I was, but I can be 100% on, did I smoke today? Answers no. Right. Did I drink alcohol today? Nope. Did I drink coffee or tea? No. And so in some ways, in a church in which so many things are left to this kind of personal introspection where, you know, am I doing what's right? That sometimes plagues so many of us, trying to want to be more. The Word of Wisdom provides us at least this kind of litmus test in the sense that keeping it doesn't mean that you're righteous. But if you're a member of the church who's covenanted to keep it and you're not, then that can at least be an indicator that. That there's some distance between you and God because you made the covenant to keep it. And for whatever reason, you're not. And so that you know that that's a good way of introspection. Let me move on to another commentary that, that Brigham Young will have about the Word of wisdom in 1867. So that first one was from 1858. I want to kind of give you this kind of progression in 1867. Brigham Young speaking about the Word of Wisdom, and he's going to actually highlight something that you've all heard your whole life. In fact, in the last podcast, you were probably screaming at the podcast, which could be embarrassing, depending on where you're at. You got to kind of keep that in down the down low. Email me on the side. But this idea about hot drinks. Now, I am guessing that every one of you knows somebody who has at some point tried to argue that iced coffee or iced tea is fine because the word of wisdom says the word hot drinks. You. You probably also know somebody on the other side of the ledger who thinks that if you drink hot chocolate, you're also violating the word of wisdom. This, the ambiguity that's in the revelation allows sometimes for people to say, well, it's iced coffee. It's not a hot drink. It doesn't say coffee. Just so you know that that kind of a discussion is not something that is is today. Here's Brigham Young in 1867. This is a sermon he gave in Tooele, which is the reason why you probably never heard it before. I mean, I can't imagine in 1867 how many people were living in Tooele. Like five people. Just Brigham Young and the people who went there for that. I'm just kidding. If you're from Tooele, I'm sure there were more people than that there. Look, I'm from a potato field in Idaho. There are, like four people there. And then I moved out, and they had to change the population sign. But some of the sisters. This is Brigham. Some of the sisters and some of the brethren will say, tea and coffee is not mentioned in the word of Wisdom, but hot drinks. So already in 1867, as Brigham Young's ramping up this, we need to keep the word of wisdom. You already have people saying, like, well, tea and coffee. It doesn't actually say tea and coffee. So apparently Mormons have always been Mormons. That's what I'm saying. And Brigham Young's response kind of gives you an idea of what he thinks about that. Tea and coffee is not mentioned in the word of Wisdom, but hot drinks. As if this doesn't refer directly. Perfectly, absolutely, definitely and truly to that which we drank hot. What does it allude to? What did we drink? Hot tea and coffee. When we made milk porridge, it was our food. We didn't wash it down red hot the way we drank down tea. It alludes to tea and coffee. Whatever we drank. I said to the Latter Day Saints at the annual conference of 6 April, that the spirit whispers to me, for this spirit, this people, to observe the word of wisdom, to let the tea and the coffee and the tobacco alone, whether they smoke or take snuff or chew, let it alone. Those that are in the habit of drinking liquor cease to drink liquor. That's pretty direct, right? Brigham Young is, and he's directly responding to people already in just the 30 years following the revelation, saying, well, I. I know people have said that it's tea and coffee, but it's not really tea and coffee because it doesn't say the word tea and coffee. And Brigham Young's make, first of all, saying, excuse me, what were we drinking? Tea and coffee. I mean, if I were to put that into a terminology today, right? I mean, I. Occasionally you'll have people say, well, I mean, it's iced tea, so it's. It's fine. Well, spoiler alert. They didn't have a lot of iced tea in the 19th century. They didn't have A whole lot of ice. Iced tea is something that's really going to come about as a thing once you actually have the ability to create ice. So. So you don't have a conversation about iced coffee. In fact, in the 19th century, how did you know that coffee was bad if it was allowed to get cold? Right. That's how you know coffee's bad. So the idea of iced coffee doesn't exist for them. Iced anything doesn't exist for them, and an iced anything won't exist for a while. I mean, yes, in the wintertime, it. Ice is over, but that's why you're making the coffee and the tea in the first place. And so, yeah, they aren't going to be able to respond to those questions we have today, for instance, you know, while they certainly have opioids in the, in the early 19th century, I mean, you know, there's. You don't have to have a conversation about vaping in 1867. So the reality is that the word of Wisdom is a. Is a. An interpretive revelation that's continually being interpreted as prophets receive revelation. This is going to still progress. Here's Brigham Young two years later in 1869 in Nephi. So apparently he's only talking in places where no one lives. Maybe that's why we don't have as much information about the word of Wisdom. President Young said, I require all under 100 years of age to stop using tobacco, drinking whiskey. That's. You got to imagine there's a guy who's like 101 in the, in the audience. He's like, doesn't matter to me if they do not stop. So this is, this is the key point. If they do not, we will soon make it a test of fellowship in the church. You should keep the word of wisdom. I have laid the benefit of this course before the saints many times. Babylon is going to fall in the millennium. All will be filled with the knowledge of God, and then all people will keep the word of wisdom, and they will take delight in it. Shame on the person who will not overcome all their evil appetites for the sake of the kingdom of God. Let all the saints save what they give for tobacco and whiskey and tea and coffee, and instead give that money for the immigration of the poor. There is nothing worth possessing in heaven, earth, or hell except what the gospel brings. So you can. You can already see Brigham Young is. Is explaining that he's already received this impression that while it's clearly not a test of fellowship yet. Right. Right now, the whole reason he's talking about in 1869 is it is not yet a requirement to be in full faith and fellowship as a member of the church. But he does say that it will become one. That this is this, this idea that we're progressing towards it. It's almost as if, and I don't want to put, you know, words inside of God's mouth. It's always a dangerous thing to do. But it's almost as if God gives this Latter Day Saints this period of weaning themselves off of these destructive and addictive chemicals. Right again. Are there things worse for you than drinking coffee? Yeah. I mean, I've even heard someone say something like, well, it's like way worse for you to like, drink motor oil. But it doesn't say that. I'm like, who's drinking motor oil? It seems like you're going a long way to find something else. I mean, you could probably just say Coke, know, or Pepsi. I mean, what. But, but the reality is there are some addictive aspects of these substances. But regardless if there's substances that are more addictive, the point is to follow what it is. The prophets have said that this is God's law to us, we covenant to follow that law at our baptism. And to us, it is an abstinence document. As things progress, there is greater focus placed upon this over and over and over until by the turn of the century, there's a real movement to no longer allow people to serve in high positions in the church if they are regularly violating the word of Wisdom. Still, though, exceptions are made. I mean, when. When Joseph F. Smith is the president of the church, he is going to make it pretty clear that, you know, members have to obey the word of Wisdom. At the same time, I don't want to keep an old woman out of the temple who's been drinking tea for 50 years of her life. You know, that if that's the only thing keeping her out, then I, you know, still want her to go. You know, I could go through a whole load of. Of the history surrounding it, but for our purposes, you might be wondering, well, when did it become a commandment? What you're hoping is that hopefully is the part where he says it's not actually a commandment. No, I told you, I had to listen to the whole podcast. It still is a commandment. In 1933, the church's handbook of instructions is going to be very clear. Now, this is all, of course, aided by the fact that alcohol is made illegal in the United States by, you know, the 18th Amendment to the Constitution. And so all throughout the 1920s and early 1930s, there's both a legal impetus to no longer drink, but also this, you know, century long effort moving towards the Latter Day Saints drinking less alcohol. And President Heber J. Grant is adamant about Latter Day Saints not violating the Word of Wisdom. So that church handbook that will come out when he's the president of the church will say, members desiring temple recommends should observe the law of tithing. The applicant should also observe all other principles of the gospel. That's pretty vague, but they better do that. Should keep the Word of Wisdom, should not use profanity. It's a good thing they dropped that. Should not join nor be a member of any secret oath bound organization and should sustain without reservation the general and local authorities of the church. So that's what the church's handbook of instructions is saying in 1933. It is. It has now become a requirement of full fellowship, keeping the Word of Wisdom. So it's going to go from neither by commandment nor by constrained to being talked about and urged and counseled to the saints over and over and over again over the course of essentially 80 years, 90 years, until eventually in 1921, it's going to become a requirement. 1933, it's going to be codified in the church handbook. And so now it's a requirement of people joining the church and it's a requirement to be in full fellowship in order to go to the temple. Now again, you know, we aren't holding a lot of excommunication hearings on the basis of someone had coffee this morning. But in order for someone to get a temple recommend, obeying the Word of Wisdom is one of those, one of those litmus tests that these questions about personal worthiness that people have to answer. And then you know, the church regularly, I mean very regularly. It's funny because sometimes you'll hear people say, well the church should be a little bit more clear about the Word of Wisdom. Well, I mean they actually provide statements on it quite a bit. You know, in August it's of 18, I only know how to do dates in the 1800s, sorry, in August of 2019. Teen so I was only off by 100 plus years. The church gives an official statement on the Word of Wisdom. The Word of Wisdom is a law of health for the physical and spiritual benefit of God's children. It includes instruction about what foods are good for us and those substances to avoid. Over time, church leaders have provided additional instruction on those things that are encouraged or forbidden by the Word of wisdom and have taught that substances that are destructive, habit forming or addictive should be avoided. In recent publications for church members, church leaders have clarified that several substances are prohibited by the Word of Wisdom, including vaping or e cigarettes, green tea and coffee based products. They have also cautioned that substances such as marijuana and opioids should only be used for medicinal purposes as prescribed by a competent physician. Now you'll probably notice the word e cigarette is nowhere in Doctrine and Covenants section 89. And that kind of demonstrates the futility of trying to justify your position on any of these banned substances in the church by going back to the revelation. Because the Word of Wisdom is a living document. It is something that, that prophets have continually received revelation on. And so if you say, well, it doesn't, you know, it doesn't say iced coffee in the Word of Wisdom, that, that isn't really a good argument because the Word of Wisdom is something that's being interpreted by, by prophetic utterance today for, for members to keep. It's in the, the new era, August 2019, where this is really broken down. You know, this, the new era was, you know, for, for primarily for the youth that, you know, breaks down vaping e cigarettes, mocha latte, macchiato, green tea, iced tea, marijuana, opioids. Again, this church publication stating that these things are violations of the Word of Wisdom. Now the point being again, and as we talked about it last time, is not that an iced coffee is somehow worse for you than eating a box of Twinkies. Frankly, one still sounds more fun than the other. But, but the, the, you could easily argue, well, yes, if you ate a whole box of Twinkies, that makes you, that's worse for you than the iced coffee. The difference is I didn't make a covenant to not eat a box of Twinkies. It might have been more difficult for me to get baptized otherwise at the time when I was a kid, especially if it was a chocodile. So the important aspect is that God has asked us to do this. You know what's really interesting about it is just like those children of Israel, our refusal to partake of those substances. And what's crazy about those substances is how ubiquitous they are in the world. And ubiquitous is that big term that historians use to mean everywhere, right? You can't find a culture that alcohol is not a part of that culture. Go ahead and try to find a place on earth where they don't drink either tea or coffee. Some places, like Russia, they drink both. Right? I know that very Recently, I mean, within the last 30 years of world history, rates of smoking have come down, but in many areas of the world, they're still increasing, actually. I mean, the reality is smoking is only coming down in places, in, in some places in Europe and in the United States. But these sub, These, these, you know, substances are very widely used. And Latter Day Saints, like the Israelites of old, mark themselves by the fact that they don't partake of it. Every one of you has been in a situation where someone has offered you something that's a violation of the word of wisdom, and you've politely declined, right? You've said, oh, no, yeah, I can't. And, and if someone asks you further about it, like, oh, you know, I believe in a word of wisdom, and maybe you teach them all about the word of wisdom. I don't know. But the reality is every one of us knows you're traveling somewhere, right? You're not in your hometown. You're. You're not in Utah, you're somewhere else. And you're sitting down at a table at a restaurant, and you hear the waiter come up to the people, the couple next to you at the other table, and they say, oh, would you guys like a wine list? What would you. What? You know, what alcoholic beverages can I get for you? And the person responds, oh, no thanks. We don't drink alcohol. Now your ears perk up and you think to yourself, you don't drink alcohol right now or you don't drink alcohol ever, Right? Because not suddenly, you're trying to look and see. Well, yeah, I think she's wearing Capri pants. She probably is a Mormon. You know, you start to think about that. Why? Because it's this kind of marker of, of. Of your faith now. You know, for all you know, it's a recovering alcoholic, and that's the reason why they're not drinking. But, but the reality is, in much the same way, the marking of the blood on the door was a marker of who is following God's prophet on earth today. Latter Day Saints do the same thing with their adherence to the word of wisdom, this outward expression of the faith that they have. If we go back to that original receipt of the revelation, I think it's very interesting to share Zebedee Coltrane's experience. He's one of the people that was in that school, the prophets meeting, and remember how Brigham Young described it, that it was, you know, so filled with smoke that you couldn't even see across the room, right? They, they have this giant cloud of smoke, essentially in this room where they're trying to meet. And that was before Joseph receives the revelation. Well, Joseph receives the revelation, and they apparently at least agree that they're no longer going to chew or smoke in this meeting room. And pretty shortly Thereafter, in March, March 18th of 1833, Zebedee Colchin is going to. Is going to relate this powerful experience that they had at one of these meetings after the organization of the school. He said, when we were all together, Joseph having given instructions and while engaged in silent prayer, kneeling with our hands uplifted, each one of us praying in silence. No one whispered above his breath. A personage walked through the room from east to west. And Joseph asked if we saw him. I saw him, and I suppose that the others did as well. And Joseph answered, that is Jesus, the Son of God, our elder brother. Afterward, Joseph told us to resume our former position in prayer, which we did. Another person came through. He was surrounded, as with a flame of fire. I experienced a sensation that it might destroy the tabernacle, as it was a consuming fire of great brightness. The prophet Joseph said, this is the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ. I saw him. This appearance was so grand and so overwhelming that it seemed that I should melt down in his presence. And the sensation was so powerful that it thrilled through my whole system, and I felt it in the marrow of my bones. It's not just Zebedee Coltrane that talks about this experience where they see the Father and the Son. John Murdoch also records this. And what's pretty amazing, what's pretty awesome, honestly, if you're a historian as well as a believer, is the minutes of that meeting, the March 18 minutes of that meeting. Frederick Williams. Frederick G. Williams is keeping those minutes. And in those minutes, he records that. That Joseph promised that those faithful presence would have a heavenly vision of the Savior, and they did. And that. That many of the brethren present had a vision of the Savior. And then before he gives us any details, says, and they all have their own record of what they saw. Well, go on, Frederick. I need you to expound a little bit. That's. That's the historian's dilemma. You know, you just get a little bit of a teaser, and then they. They close up the book. But it's this amazing, shared, collective, visionary experience of the Father and the Son. And how do they appear? That's what's so crazy. It's this little room, and the way Brigham described it, you couldn't see across it. And yet how did the Father and the Son appear after they began? You know, they made the sacrifice for the time they were in the school of the prophets, they began living the word of wisdom, at least in that brain. Brief moment when they were in that room, he walked through the middle of the room, the room that they couldn't see across. So there, there was this spiritual manifestation that happened very shortly thereafter. Now, I'm guessing that at least some of you are wondering. Well, wait a minute. I'm pretty sure Joseph Smith never drank alcohol because I remember that when he was a boy, you know, he needed a leg operation and he decided, you know, that he wouldn't let one drop of liquor touches.
