Summary of "Ada Coleman and the Savoy’s American Bar" – Stuff You Missed in History Class

Episode Title: Ada Coleman and the Savoy’s American Bar
Release Date: February 5, 2025
Hosts: Holly Fry and Tracy V. Wilson
Production: iHeartRadio

Introduction

In this episode of Stuff You Missed in History Class, hosts Holly Fry and Tracy V. Wilson delve into the fascinating life of Ada Coleman, a pioneering female bartender at the prestigious American Bar in London’s Savoy Hotel. They explore her remarkable career, the challenges faced by women in the bartending industry during the early 20th century, and her enduring legacy in the world of cocktails.

Ada Coleman's Early Life and Entry into Bartending

Ada Coleman, born circa 1875, entered the hospitality industry under circumstances shaped by her family's connections. Holly Fry explains, “Ada was a head bartender, although women were generally called bar maids at the time” (02:26). Ada’s father worked as a steward for Rupert D’Oyly Cart, who managed the Savoy Hotel and Theatre in London. After her father’s death in 1899, Ada transitioned from working in the hotel’s flower shop to the bar, thanks to a recommendation from Rupert Cart.

At age 24, Ada showcased her talent by creating her first cocktail, a Manhattan, under the mentorship of a wine butler named Fisher (05:19). Her natural aptitude and amiable personality quickly propelled her into a coveted position within the hotel's American Bar.

Women in Early 20th Century Bartending

The episode highlights the broader context of women in the bartending profession during Ada’s time. Tracy V. Wilson references a 1905 publication by the Joint Committee on the Employment of Barmaids titled Women as Barmaids (07:25). This report painted a grim picture of female bartenders, associating alcohol and women with moral decline. Despite estimates suggesting that half of all bar staff in England were women, societal prejudices were rampant.

Holly adds, “Barmaids were not protected by any labor laws. They could be let go for any reason...” (10:42). The report detailed the strenuous working conditions, including long hours and the risk of physical and emotional abuse. Women were often subjected to unfair treatment and had to navigate a hostile work environment that prioritized aesthetics over their well-being.

Ada's Career at the Savoy's American Bar

Ada Coleman thrived in this challenging environment, becoming the head bartender at the American Bar after Frank Wells retired. Tracy notes, “Ada was the exact right mix of friendly and naturally good at making drinks to quickly become a favorite of both management and patrons” (06:19). The American Bar, established in 1893, became an iconic establishment renowned for its cocktails and illustrious clientele.

Ada’s role extended beyond mixing drinks; she managed the bar’s operations, developed the menu, and ensured exceptional service for guests. Her ability to connect with patrons, including celebrities like Charlie Chaplin and authors like Mark Twain, made her a celebrated figure in London’s social scene.

The Creation of the Hanky Panky

One of Ada’s most enduring contributions to mixology is the creation of the Hanky Panky cocktail. Tracy recounts the story: “Sir Charles Henry Hawtrey, a regular patron, requested something with a bit more punch” (24:25). Ada experimented extensively until she perfected the drink, which combines gin, sweet vermouth, and Fernet Branca. Upon its creation, Hawtrey declared, “by Jove, that is the real Hanky Panky” (24:47), and the name has endured as a classic cocktail.

This creation not only cemented Ada’s reputation but also highlighted her innovative spirit and deep understanding of flavor profiles, ensuring her legacy in the bartending world.

Retirement and Feud

Ada’s illustrious career faced turbulence with the arrival of Harry Craddock, an American bartender who authored The Savoy Cocktail Book in 1930 (29:17). While Craddock is sometimes credited as an American, he was actually born in Stroud, England, and later became a U.S. citizen. His relationship with Ada was complex and, according to Tracy, possibly strained. “There was no possibility of getting the top job in the American Bar as long as Ms. Coleman was there” (30:02).

A reported feud between Ada and Ruth Burgess, another prominent barmaid, added to the tension. An article from 1926 describes their mutual enmity: “They have laid down their cocktail shakers without patching up their differences” (31:39). The root of their conflict stemmed from Ruth’s inability to replicate Ada’s specialized cocktails, leading to silent resentment.

Ultimately, both Ada and Ruth retired simultaneously in the mid-1920s, coinciding with renovations at the American Bar. Craddock succeeded Ada as head bartender, furthering the legacy Ada left behind with cocktails like the Hanky Panky featured in his renowned cocktail book.

Legacy and Modern Recognition

Ada Coleman’s impact on the bartending industry remains profound. By her own account, she crafted over one million drinks during her tenure (34:48). Today, the American Bar continues to uphold her standards, offering exclusive cocktails and maintaining its status as one of the world’s premier bars.

In 2021, Shannon Toay became the first U.S.-born bartender to lead the American Bar, marking the first time since Ada’s retirement that a woman held the position. This milestone underscores Ada’s lasting influence and the ongoing efforts to promote diversity and excellence in the bartending profession.

The Ada Coleman Project, a professional organization, honors her legacy by advocating for greater representation and inclusivity in bartending. Their mission emphasizes raising awareness about gender inequities and celebrating the women who innovate within the industry (36:18).

Listener Mail

The episode concludes with listener engagement, featuring a heartfelt message from Lyssa. She expresses gratitude for the show’s storytelling, particularly appreciating episodes that highlight influential women like Ada Coleman. Lyssa shares, “I love to sew but hand finish my garments because I despise the appearance of serged edges... thanks for your wonderful podcast” (37:12). This interaction highlights the show's impact on its audience, fostering a community appreciative of historical narratives and their modern-day significance.

Conclusion

Ada Coleman’s story is a testament to resilience, innovation, and the enduring power of exceptional service. Through Stuff You Missed in History Class, Holly Fry and Tracy V. Wilson illuminate Ada’s remarkable journey and the broader societal challenges women faced in the early 20th-century hospitality industry. Ada’s legacy continues to inspire bartenders and enthusiasts worldwide, ensuring that her contributions to mixology and hospitality are never forgotten.

Notable Quotes:

• Tracy V. Wilson [07:25]: “We ought, I think, to keep them free from the stress of what drives them towards a life so unsuited for women.”

• Ada Coleman [22:30]: “I don't agree with him at all. If you are looking for a temperance sermon, young man, you will have to move on.”

• Tracy V. Wilson [31:39]: “The atmosphere has otherwise remained bright and cheerful... But the women between them nourished relentlessly their mutual enmity and scorn.”

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