Podcast Summary: In-space Mobility with Portal Space Systems

Title: T-Minus Space Daily
Host/Author: N2K Networks
Episode: In-space Mobility with Portal Space Systems
Release Date: February 15, 2025

Introduction

In this episode of T-Minus Space Daily, host Maria Varmazes engages in an insightful conversation with Jeff Thornburg, CEO and co-founder of Portal Space Systems. The discussion delves into the evolving landscape of satellite technology, focusing on Portal Space Systems' innovative approach to in-space mobility with their flagship spacecraft, Supernova. Released amidst the growing congestion in Low Earth Orbit (LEO), this episode explores the technological advancements and entrepreneurial spirit driving the next generation of spacecraft.

Jeff Thornburg's Background

Jeff Thornburg brings a wealth of experience from his extensive career in aerospace engineering. Beginning with his service in the U.S. Air Force, Jeff pursued a bachelor's and master's in aerospace engineering, leading him to pivotal roles at the Air Force Research Lab and Aerojet. His tenure at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center involved work on the Ares rocket program, enhancing his expertise in rocket engine technology.

A significant highlight of Jeff's career was his five-year stint at SpaceX (2011-2016), where he was instrumental in developing the Raptor engine. He reflects, “[...] seeing what the team has done since then, to see it flying, to have been a small part of that is I probably could have retired there and been like, okay, I'm done” (05:14). His departure from SpaceX in 2016 marked the beginning of his entrepreneurial journey, culminating in the founding of Portal Space Systems in 2021.

From Engineering to Entrepreneurship

Jeff's transition from engineering to entrepreneurship was driven by a desire to tackle larger challenges in space technology. After leaving SpaceX, he explored various ventures, including working with Paul Allen and leading engineering at Amazon's Kuiper project. These experiences equipped him with the necessary skills and insights to launch Portal Space Systems.

He shares, “Sometimes things work out great, sometimes they work out the way you weren't expecting. But ultimately it was able to give me the right experience to go do what I really always wanted to do” (08:55). This sentiment encapsulates Jeff's motivation to lead Portal Space Systems in creating highly maneuverable spacecraft for both military and commercial applications.

Portal Space Systems' Supernova

At the heart of Portal Space Systems' innovative offerings is Supernova, a highly maneuverable small spacecraft designed to address the limitations of traditional satellites. Jeff explains, “Our main product now is called Supernova, and it's a small spacecraft with a ton of maneuverability” (09:13). Unlike conventional satellites that remain static in their orbits, Supernova can traverse between different orbital paths, refuel, and perform a variety of on-orbit tasks.

Key Features of Supernova

• Advanced Propulsion System: Supernova utilizes a solar thermal propulsion system, a concept revisited from the 1950s. This system leverages concentrated sunlight to heat a propellant, enabling efficient and flexible maneuvering capabilities.

• Additive Manufacturing: Leveraging advancements in 3D printing and new alloy materials, Portal Space Systems has designed a robust and efficient bus structure for Supernova. This allows for rapid manufacturing and customization of spacecraft components.

• Versatile Payload Deck: The spacecraft features a flexible payload deck, accommodating a wide range of commercial and defense missions, from internet relay services to satellite servicing and debris removal.

Jeff articulates the significance of Supernova, stating, “Everything everybody wants to do in space is all tied to maneuverability and Delta V on orbit” (12:21). This capability positions Supernova as a transformative platform, enabling missions that were previously constrained by the static nature of traditional satellites.

Technological Innovations

Portal Space Systems is at the forefront of several technological advancements that make Supernova a reality.

Solar Thermal Propulsion

Jeff elaborates on the propulsion technology: “We're concentrating sunlight, we're heating up a heat exchanger. And we can do that now because of advancements in additive manufacturing” (15:21). This method offers a simpler and more efficient alternative to chemical propulsion, reducing the number of components and enhancing reliability.

Additive Manufacturing and Materials Engineering

The integration of 3D printing with new alloys and powder metallurgy has been crucial. Jeff notes, “The fewer parts, the more simple you make it, the more reliable it is” (15:21). This approach not only streamlines the manufacturing process but also allows for rapid iteration and customization of spacecraft components.

Risk Management and Entrepreneurship

Jeff shares his philosophy on risk and failure, emphasizing the importance of smart risk-taking and learning from mistakes. “[...] ask yourself what is smart risk versus dumb risk” (18:09). He distinguishes between calculated risks that drive innovation and reckless decisions that jeopardize projects.

Embracing Failure

Jeff advocates for a culture where failure is seen as a learning opportunity. “Space is unforgiving. If you're throwing Hail Marys, you're probably going to get bit” (20:59). He stresses the need for thorough risk assessment and mitigation strategies to minimize failures that stem from avoidable mistakes.

Human Element in Engineering

Highlighting the critical role of team dynamics, Jeff states, “It's the human psychology and the interaction is that vibing like it should be” (22:00). He underscores the importance of effective communication, team engagement, and leadership in navigating complex engineering challenges.

Timelines and Future Plans

Portal Space Systems has an ambitious roadmap for the development and deployment of Supernova. Jeff outlines the upcoming milestones:

• 2025: Completion of subsystem build, testing, and validation at their Bothell, Washington facility.

• End of 2025: Integration of the first Supernova spacecraft.

• 2026: Launch of the first demonstration flight.

Jeff reveals, “We're integrating the first spacecraft. So they're ready to fly in 2026” (24:56). This swift timeline reflects Portal Space Systems' commitment to advancing in-space mobility technology and meeting the growing demands of the space industry.

Advice and Closing Thoughts

In his concluding remarks, Jeff imparts valuable advice to aspiring engineers and entrepreneurs. He encourages embracing the journey, maintaining focus on long-term goals, and fostering a positive team environment. Using a metaphor from his personal life, Jeff likens career progression to horse training: “When you're learning how to ride a horse, it's very complicated because some days it goes very well and some days it doesn't [...] only that you, in the end, are trending more towards where you want to be” (25:53).

Conclusion

This episode of T-Minus Space Daily offers a comprehensive look into the innovative endeavors of Portal Space Systems and their pursuit of revolutionizing in-space mobility. Jeff Thornburg's blend of technical expertise, entrepreneurial drive, and thoughtful leadership provides valuable insights into the future of spacecraft design and the dynamic nature of the space industry.

For more information, visit N2K Networks.