NASA's Mars Future Plan.

Summary

T-Minus Space Daily: NASA's Mars Future Plan - Detailed Summary

Published on December 13, 2024 | Host: N2K Networks

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Introduction

In the latest episode of T-Minus Space Daily, hosts Maria Varmazas and Alice Carruth delve into a spectrum of developments shaping the global space landscape. From NASA's ambitious Mars future plans to legislative advancements in the U.S., and international strides in space exploration, the episode offers a comprehensive overview for enthusiasts and professionals alike.

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NASA Releases Mars Future Plan

Timestamp: [03:05]

NASA unveiled its Mars Future Plan, officially titled "Expanding the Horizons of Mars: A Plan for a Sustainable Science Program at Mars." Spanning 154 pages, the document outlines a strategic roadmap from 2024 to 2044, building upon two decades of Mars exploration. The plan emphasizes four primary goals:

1. Astrobiology: Determining if Mars ever supported or still harbors life.
2. Climate History: Understanding the processes and historical climate changes on Mars.
3. Geological Evolution: Investigating the origin and evolution of Mars as a geological entity.
4. Human Exploration Readiness: Preparing the Martian environment for future human missions.

Notable Quote: Maria Varmazas highlighted the ongoing robotic missions by stating, “Robotic exploration of the Red Planet continues apace thanks to the perseverance of Perseverance.” ([03:20])

A significant milestone mentioned is the Perseverance rover’s achievement of reaching the northern rim of the Jezero Crater after a grueling three and a half-month climb. This paves the way for the 2025 Northern Rim Science Campaign, aiming to study some of the oldest Martian crust and rocks in our solar system.

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U.S. House Clears FY25 National Defense Authorization Act

Timestamp: [04:34]

The U.S. House of Representatives has successfully passed the Fiscal Year 2025 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), which is now proceeding to the Senate for further deliberation. This marks a continued commitment, as Congress has consistently passed an NDAA annually since 1961, irrespective of political divisions.

Key Provisions:

• Space Force Expansion: The act recommends transferring space functions of the U.S. National Guard to the newly established Space Force.
• Commercial Augmentation Space Reserve: Establishment of a reserve akin to the Civil Reserve Air Fleet, focusing on commercial space solutions.
• Funding: The NDAA proposes a total funding of $883.7 billion, with $849.9 billion allocated to the Department of Defense. The Space Force is earmarked to receive $29.4 billion.

Notable Quote: Alice Carruth emphasized the bipartisan nature of the NDAA, stating, "Congress has passed an NDAA every year since the first in 1961, regardless of divisions." ([04:50])

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Brazil Establishes State-Owned Space Launch Company

Timestamp: [05:35]

Brazil has taken a significant step in bolstering its space capabilities by passing legislation to form a state-owned company dedicated to rocket launches, named ALADA (Portuguese for "winged"). This entity is authorized to negotiate launch services with private enterprises, aiming to optimize revenue from space missions.

Strategic Advantage: Brazil’s Alcântara Launch Center boasts superior launch capacity, surpassing Cape Canaveral and three other U.S. centers combined, as highlighted by Brazilian Air Force Lt. Gen. Rodrigo Alvim.

Status: The bill is pending presidential approval following President Lula’s return from emergency brain surgery.

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India Advances Human Spaceflight Program

Timestamp: [06:16]

India is making strides in its human spaceflight ambitions by conducting a mock recovery mission for the Ganga Young capsule. The mission involved the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the Indian Navy, successfully recovering the crew module from the sea using specialized ship facilities.

Highlights:

• The recovery process validated operational sequences and fine-tuned standard operating procedures, reinforcing India’s readiness for future manned missions.

Notable Quote: Alice Carruth noted, "India is pushing forward with its human spaceflight program, conducting a mock recovery mission of their Ganga Young capsule from the sea." ([06:20])

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Virgin Galactic Collaborates with Italy for Spaceport Feasibility Study

Timestamp: [06:44]

Virgin Galactic has entered into an agreement with the Civil Aviation Authority of Italy to explore the feasibility of conducting suborbital spaceflights from a new spaceport in the Puglia region. This collaboration aims to evaluate technical requirements and regulatory compatibility between Italy and the United States.

Phase One: Completion is expected by 2025, setting the stage for potential suborbital operations in southern Italy.

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Stoke Space Achieves Milestone with Block 2 Stage 1 Engine Test

Timestamp: [07:14]

Stoke Space successfully conducted a static hot fire test of its Block 2 Stage 1 engine in Washington. This engine utilizes the Full Flow Stage Combustion (FFSC) architecture, a highly challenging engineering feat. Currently, only Stoke and SpaceX have successfully developed FFC engines.

Details: While the duration of the hot fire was not disclosed, the achievement underscores Stoke’s advancements in rocket propulsion technology.

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NASA Science Updates

Timestamp: [07:58]

Maria Varmazas and Alice Carruth shared groundbreaking scientific discoveries and mission updates from NASA:

1. Volcanic Activity on Jupiter’s Moon Io:

   • Scientists have determined that each volcano on Io is powered by its own chamber of rolling hot magma, contradicting previous theories of an extensive magma ocean.

   Notable Quote: “Scientists have discovered that volcanoes on Jupiter's moon IO are each likely powered by their own chamber of rolling hot magma rather than an ocean of magma.” ([07:58])

2. Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope Update:

   • The team has successfully integrated the telescope and its two instruments onto the instrument carrier. The payload integration at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center marks a critical step towards its scheduled launch in May 2027.

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Space Traffic Report

Presented by: Alicia Siegel | Timestamp: [07:38]

The Weekly Space Traffic Report covers recent and upcoming launches globally:

1. SpaceX Starlink Launch:

   • December 8: Falcon 9 launched from Florida with 23 Starlink V2 mini satellites. Booster B1086 successfully landed on the drone ship, adding to SpaceX’s extensive Starlink constellation.

2. China’s Chongjiang 2D Launch:

   • December 12: Launched five satellites for laser communications testing from Zhuquan Satellite Launch Center.

3. NASA’s Lucy Spacecraft Gravity Assist:

   • December 13: Executed a gravity assist maneuver around Earth, altering its trajectory towards the Jupiter Trojan asteroids. This maneuver enhances Lucy’s mission to study four asteroids by 2030.

4. Upcoming Launches:

   • December 13-19: Multiple Falcon 9 missions, Rocket Lab’s Electron launch, and Space One’s Kairos rocket flight are scheduled, each carrying various payloads from Starlink satellites to geostationary microsatellites.

Notable Insights:

• SpaceX continues its dominance in satellite launches, maintaining an operational orbit of 6,073 Starlink satellites.
• India's Kairos rocket aims for a successful second flight following a failed inaugural attempt.

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Geminids Meteor Shower Outlook

Timestamp: [18:20]

The episode concludes with an astronomical highlight:

• Geminids Meteor Shower:
  • Originating from asteroid 3200 Phaethon, the Geminids are expected to peak on Friday into Saturday, with up to 120 meteors per hour.
  • Challenges for observers include a full moon and cloudy weather, potentially diminishing visibility.

Notable Quote: Maria Varmazas encourages enthusiasts, saying, “If you are lucky enough to have clear skies this weekend, look up for the Gemini constellation and enjoy the fireworks.” ([19:00])

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Closing Remarks

Hosts wrap up the episode by promoting upcoming shows and encouraging listener engagement:

• Upcoming Show: T Deep Space featuring interviews with industry leaders like Araz Faizi from K on Space and Tim Sills from AWS.
• Listener Engagement: Encourages feedback through show notes, ratings, and reviews to enhance future content.

Notable Quote: Maria Varmazas invites participation, stating, “We'd love to know what you think of this podcast. Your feedback ensures we deliver the insights that keep you a step ahead in the rapidly changing space industry.” ([20:22])

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Conclusion

This episode of T-Minus Space Daily provides an in-depth look at pivotal advancements and plans within NASA’s Mars exploration, legislative support for space defense, international collaborations, and significant scientific discoveries. Coupled with a comprehensive space traffic report, listeners gain a holistic view of the current and future state of space exploration and industry dynamics.

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For more detailed information and additional resources, visit https://space.n2k.com/.

Transcript

[Maria Varmazas]

You're listening to the N2K space network.

[Unknown]

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[Maria Varmazas]

It is Friday the 13th today. Though I am not particularly superstitious, I am keeping fingers and toes crossed that despite the bright full moon, I might get a glimpse of the Geminids in the night sky this weekend. Last week Jupiter was at its closest to us and at opposition to the sun, but it was totally cloudy for me, so I missed it. Alice, are you superstitious at all?

[Alice Carruth]

No, not really, Maria. But I do have a good space joke for you. Right?

[Alicia Siegel]

Okay.

[Alice Carruth]

Are you prepared? How do you know that the sun and the moon have a bad relationship?

[Maria Varmazas]

How do I know that the sun and the moon have a bad relationship? I don't know. How do I know this?

[Alice Carruth]

Because whenever they get together, it gets really dark.

[Maria Varmazas]

Ooh, I like it. Today is December 13th, 2024. I'm Maria Varmazas.

[Alice Carruth]

I'm Alice Carruth and this is T minus.

[Maria Varmazas]

NASA releases its Mars Future Plan, the U.S. house clears the FY25 National Defense Authorization Act, Brazil looks to capitalize on space launch opportunities, and every Friday our.

[Alice Carruth]

Friends at NSF bring you the Space Traffic Report, taking a look at the launches from the past week and reviewing what's to come in the next seven days.

[Maria Varmazas]

On this, the Friday the 13th, here is your good luck briefing. A little light weekend reading for you from NASA. The US Space Agency just dropped their Mars Future Plan, officially titled Expanding the Horizons of Mars A Plan for a Sustainable Science Program at Mars, this plan takes a look at the next steps in the Mars exploration program from now in 2024 through 2044. Building on the last two decades of Mars exploration and science and yes, Mars sample return still in there. The whole plan is 154 pages long, so I would definitely be doing it a disservice to try and sum it all up for you now, but it is a 20 year look ahead at initiatives and mission ideas supporting the four main goals of the Mars Exploration Program, which are to determine if Mars ever supported or still supports life, to understand the processes and history of climate on Mars, to understand the origin and evolution of Mars as a geological system, and to prepare Mars for human exploration. And in the meantime, robotic exploration of the Red Planet continues apace thanks to the perseverance of Perseverance After a grueling three and a half month climb, Percy has made it to the top of the northern rim of the Jezero Crater. New discoveries await as Perseverance will now embark on its 2025 Northern Rim Science Campaign where it will take a look at some of the oldest pieces of Martian crust and amongst the oldest rocks found anywhere in our solar system.

[Alice Carruth]

Go Percy the fiscal year 2025 U.S. national Defense Authorization act, or NDAA, cleared the House this week and is heading to the Senate. Congress has passed an NDAA every year since the first in 1961, regardless of divisions. The NDAA is a policy bill and recommends funding levels, but only appropriation bills can actually provide money. The bill recommends for the US Air Force to transfer space functions of the US National Guard to the Space Force. It also approves the establishment of a Commercial augmentation Space Reserve akin to the Civil Reserve Air Fleet, and requires an annual briefing from the Chief of Space Operations on commercial solutions for the mission areas identified in the Space Force Commercial Space Strategy. The NDAA recommends funding at $883.7 billion, of which $849.9 billion is for the Department of Defense, which obviously includes the Space Force, which is expected to receive $29.4 billion.

[Maria Varmazas]

Brazil has passed a bill to establish a state owned company to provide services for rocket launches. The organization will be known by the acronym alada, which means winged in Portuguese. It'll be allowed to negotiate launches with private companies, a move that Brazil's military argues will increase the amount of revenue generated by space missions. Brazilian Air Force Lt. Gen. Rodrigo Alvim told legislators that the country's Alcantara Launch center has more launch capacity than Cape Canaveral and three other US Centers combined. The bill is awaiting presidential approval, which is expected once President Lula returns to work after emergency brain surgery earlier this week.

[Alice Carruth]

India is pushing forward with its human spaceflight program, conducting a mock recovery mission of their Ganga Young capsule from the sea. The gang crew module was recovered onto a ship's well deck, which opens to the sea and can be flooded with water so that the module can be hoisted, post splashdown and towed inside. The Indian Space Research Organization and Indian Navy collaborated on the mission, validating the overall sequence of operations, ground fixtures and fine tuning standard operating procedures.

[Maria Varmazas]

Virgin Galactic has signed an agreement with the Civil Aviation Authority of Italy to jointly study the feasibility of Virgin Galactic conducting spaceflight operations from a spaceport in the Puglia region. Please don't me Italians. The study plans to evaluate the necessary technical requirements for suborbital spaceflight operations in southern Italy and the compatibility of Italy's suborbital regulations with those in the United States. Phase one of the study is expected to be completed in 2025 Stokespace successfully.

[Alice Carruth]

Held a static hot fire of their rocket engine in Washington this week. It was the first hot fire of the company's Block 2 Stage 1 engine, and this engine architecture, called Full Flow Stage Combustion or FFSC, is considered particularly challenging. Stoke and SpaceX are the only two entities in the world that have successfully developed an FFC engine. Details of the duration of the hot fire were not announced.

[Maria Varmazas]

Astro Digital, a developer of microsatellite systems and infrastructure, has announced that it will expand operations into Littleton, Colorado. The company expects to create 141 net new jobs in the state and will join 2,000 aerospace companies now operating in Colorado, which represents 26% growth over five years.

[Alice Carruth]

Pretty impressive. Some NASA science updates Now Scientists have discovered that volcanoes on Jupiter's moon IO are each likely powered by their own chamber of rolling hot magma rather than an ocean of magma. The finding from NASA's Juno mission solves a 44 year old mystery about the subsurface origins of the moon's geologic features. What the mission learned about the moon's gravity from those flybys led to a new paper by revealing more details about the effects of tidal flexing, and you can read all about that by following the link in our show notes and.

[Maria Varmazas]

NASA's Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope team has integrated the missions telescope and two instruments onto the instrument carrier, marking the completion of the Roman payload. Now the team at NASA's Goddard Space Flight center will begin joining the payload to the spacecraft. The observatory is on track for completion by fall 2026 and hopefully will launch no later than May 2027.

[Alice Carruth]

That concludes our Friday intel briefing. As always, you'll find the links to further reading on all of the stories we've mentioned in our show notes.

[Maria Varmazas]

Hey T minus crew. Tune in tomorrow for T Deep Space, our show for extended interviews, special editions and deep dives with some of the most influential professionals in the space industry. Tomorrow we have Araz Faizi from K on Space and Tim Sills from AWS talking about data automation and space domain awareness. So check it out while you're holiday shopping, traveling to your kids winter recital or curled up by the fire to keep warm, as it seems we all are in the Northern hemisphere at this time of year. Yep, you don't want to miss it.

[Unknown]

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[Alice Carruth]

Our [e-mail] are bringing us the Space Traffic Report.

[Alicia Siegel]

I'm Alicia Siegel for NSF and this is your weekly Space Traffic Report for T Minus Space starting off the week. On December 8, SpaceX launched a batch of Starlinks from Florida. Falcon 9 lifted off from the Cape at 512 UTC with 23 Starlink V2 mini satellites in its fairing, 13 of which had direct to CEL. The booster on this mission was B1086, which flew for the second time. It first flew as one of the side boosters on the GOES U Falcon Heavy mission in June, and this is now the second Falcon Heavy side booster that SpaceX converted to fly as a regular Falcon 9. The first was B1052, which started its life on two Falcon Heavy missions, then flew five times on its own and ended up flying as an expendable side booster on the Viasat 3. Falcon Heavy flight. B1086 still has more missions ahead of it now as it landed successfully on SpaceX's drone ship, a shortfall of gravitas. With this flight, SpaceX has launched a total of 7,546 Starlink satellites, of which 681 have re entered over the course of the program, and 6,073 Starlink satellites have moved into their operational orbit. We also had a launch from China this week. On December 12th at 7:17 universal time, a Chongjiang 2D lifted off from the Zhuquan Satellite launch Center. The rocket lifted five payloads into low Earth orbit and reportedly into three different orbital planes. The mission name roughly translates to high speed Laser Diamond Constellation test system. And based on this, it seems that the five satellites will test laser communications technology. That's about all we know, as no further details about the Constellation or the customer have been made public. Later in the week, NASA's Lucy spacecraft flew by Earth for a brief visit. When it passed by our planet, it stole the slightest amount of Earth's orbital energy to increase its speed by 7.31 km per second, a maneuver known as a gravity assist. On December 13, at 4:15 Universal Time, Lucy screamed past the Earth a mere 360 kilometers above the ocean west of California. That's so close the spacecraft had to adjust its orientation to avoid being destabilized by the thin traces of atmosphere up there. This was the second of these maneuvers since Lucy launched in October of 2021. The first happened exactly one year after its launch. This week's quick visit changed Lucy's path to intercept the Jupiter Trojan asteroids, a group of asteroids that orbit the sun in a stable position at the same distance as Jupiter, leading the giant planet in its path around the Sun. The new and carefully planned trajectory should take Lucy through the asteroid belt first flying past the asteroid Donald Johansson. Arrival at the Trojans is scheduled for 2027, and once there, Lucy is set to swing by and study no less than four asteroids before its path takes it back to Earth in 2030. But that's not the end of the mission. A third, and according to the current schedule, final flyby of our planet puts Lucy on a course towards the other of Trojans that trail Jupiter in its orbit. Lucy is expected to arrive there 12 years into its mission in 2033. The next few launches were scheduled to take off around the time we published this episode or shortly thereafter. So they might already have happened by the time this episode gets to you. The first is another Starlink launch scheduled to lift off from California on December 13th between 1910 and 2310 UTC. This time Falcon 9 is loaded with 22 Starlink V2 mini satellites destined for low Earth orbit. Next up is a Haste mission from Wallops island in Virginia. Haste is the suborbital variant of Rocket Lab's electron, which is used to fly hypersonic test missions. T0 for this launch is set to occur during a 4 hour and 15 minute window starting at 45 past midnight UTC on December 14th. As usual for these missions, we don't have much information to go off of, but airspace restrictions mention the mission under the name Stonehenge. Then There's a Falcon 9 mission scheduled from Florida. Liftoff is set for 1:04 Universal Time on December 14th from Space Launch Complex 40. On official documentation, this mission shows up as RRT1. We don't know what this means, but we suspect that the payload might be the GPS 3 SV10 satellite as it matches up with the published trajectory and hazard zones. If it is indeed the GPS 3 satellite, RRT1 might stand for Rapid Response Test 1, or maybe Retroreflective Target 1, as this is the first GPS satellite to feature a laser retroreflector array from NASA. But it could totally different too. Hopefully we'll get more information and if we do, we'll let you know on next week's episode. Not too long after that, we should have the second flight of Space One's Kairos rocket during a 20 minute window opening at 2:00 UTC. The rocket is expected to lift off from the Japanese company's own spaceport Spaceport Key in Japan's Wakayama Prefecture. This mission carries five technology demonstration satellites to a sun synchronous orbit. The solid fueled rocket's first flight in March didn't go so well as it exploded five seconds after liftoff. The autonomous flight termination system triggered when it detected that Kairos didn't perform as expected. We wish Space1 better luck this time. After several weather induced delays, SpaceX's CRS31 cargo dragon is now scheduled to return from the International space station on December 14. The spacecraft is set to autonomously undock from the station's harmony module at 16:05 Universal Time and return back to Earth for a splashdown off the coast of Florida the very next day. We'll also have a Chongjiang 2D launch on December 14th. This mission is set to lift off from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch center in China around 1800 UTC. Next up, on December 15th we'll have another Falcon 9 launch. This one will be conducted from the Kennedy Space center with liftoff expected during a nearly two hour window starting at 20:58 UTC. This time, Falcon will carry two second generation O3B MPower satellites to medium Earth transfer orbit for sesame. The next Falcon 9 is scheduled to launch from Vandenberg on December 16th during a four hour window opening at 9:33 UTC. The payload is suspected to be the sixth batch of Starshield satellites for the US National Reconnaissance Office. Later that day, a Chongzhong 5B is expected to lift off from the Wenchang Space launch site in China. The 2 hour and 14 minute window for that launch opens on December 16th at 10 o'clock Universal Time. Then the Next day, we'll have an electron launch from Rocket Lab's own spaceport in New Zealand. Liftoff is set for a 1 hour and 15 minute window start at 1400 UTC on December 17th. The mission is called Owl the Way Up. And if you're familiar with Rocket Lab's mission names, you might have guessed that the payload will be another Strix satellite for Synspective back in Florida. Another Falcon 9 is scheduled to launch on December 18th. The launch window for this mission opens at 3:38 UTC and lasts 4 hours and 19 minutes. On board Falcon 9 will be four microgeosatellites for Astranis. These are much smaller than most geostationary satellites, so Falcon will deploy them closer to their target geostationary. And wrapping up the week, we'll have a spacewalk on the International space station on December 19. Cosmonauts Alexey Ovchinin and Ivan Wagner are set to leave the station for 6 hours and 40 minutes starting at 15:10 UTC. During the spacewalk, the cosmonauts are tasked with removing some science experiments from the station's exterior and relocating hardware for the European robotic arm. I'm Alicia Siegel for nsf and that's your weekly space traffic Report. Now back to T minus Space.

[Alice Carruth]

We'll be right back.

[Maria Varmazas]

This episode is brought to you by LifeLock. The holidays mean more travel, more shopping, more time online and more personal info in places that could expose you to identity theft. That's why LifeLock monitors millions of data points every second. If your identity is stolen, their US based restoration specialist will fix it, guaranteed, or your money back. Get more holiday fun and less holiday worry. With LifeLock, save up to 40% in your first year. Visit LifeLock.com podcast Terms apply welcome back. They say it's the most wonderful time of the year. And for many of us, it's all about the holidays and spending time with families. But for many astronomy lovers, it's all about the Geminids meteor shower. The annual Yay Yay space. The annual meteor show is thought to come from asteroid 3200 Phaethon, which is nearly three miles across and orbits the sun every 1.4 years. At their peak, which is expected to be Friday into Saturday, you can see as many as 120 meters per hour. So why the name Geminids? It's because the meteors appear to emanate from the constellation Gemini. Now, while the Geminids are considered one of the most reliable meteor showers to experience annually, astronomers are warning that this year's display may not be as good as usual. For starters, they're competing with a full moon this weekend. December's cold moon will reach peak illumination at 4:02am EST on Sunday, but it will appear full for several days. And then there's our weather to compete with. Always a problem, and with cloudy and freezing temperatures expected across the United States, at least this weekend. If you are lucky enough to have clear skies this weekend, look up for the Gemini constellation and enjoy the fireworks. And send us pictures if you're lucky enough to capture them.

[Alice Carruth]

That's it for t miners for December 13, 2024, brought to you by N2K Cyberwire for additional resources from today's report, check out our show [e-mail] we'd love to know what you think of this podcast. Your feedback ensures we deliver the insights that keep you a step ahead in the rapidly changing space industry. If you like the show, please share a rating and review in your podcast app. Please also fill out the survey in the Show Notes or send an email.

[Maria Varmazas]

To [e-mail] we're privileged that N2K CyberWire is part of the daily routine of the most influential leaders and operators in the public and private sector. From the Fortune 500 to many of the world's preeminent intelligence and law enforcement agencies, N2K makes it easy for companies to optimize your biggest investment your people. We make you smarter about your teams while making your teams smarter. Learn [e-mail] this episode was produced by Alice Carruth. Our associate producer is Liz Stokes. We're mixed by Elliot Peltzman and Trey Hester with original music by Elliot Peltzman. Our executive producer is Jennifer Iban. Our executive editor is Brandon Karpf. Simone Petrella is our president, Peter Kilpie is our publisher and I'm your host, Maria Varmazas. Thanks for listening. Have a wonderful weekend.

[Alice Carruth]

T.