E (8:27)

You're right, Maria. There's always lots of moving parts in the space industry, and I cannot wait to find out more tomorrow on NASA's new astronaut selection and see the IMAP launch, which is scheduled for an early liftoff. We've included two additional links in the Selected Reading section of our Show Notes today. One is on Air Environment's award for two Badger Phased array systems, and the other is on Maxar's new partnership with AIDC to accelerate the resilience of Taiwan's UAV industry against GPS interference, and you.

C (8:57)

Can find those links in our show notes on whatever podcast platform you like to listen to us through and on our website, which is space.n2k.com just click on today's episode title. Hi T Minus Crew. If you would like daily updates from us directly in your LinkedIn feed, be sure to follow the official N2K T minus page over on LinkedIn and and if you are more interested in the lighter side of what we do, here we are T minus daily on Instagram. That is where we post videos and pictures from events, excursions and even sometimes some behind the scenes treats. Links are in the show notes and we hope you'll join us there.

B (9:50)

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C (10:36)

Let'S hear now from Parker Wyschek from the Aerospace Corporation which with the monthly Nexus segment and.

F (10:46)

You'Re here in the Nexus courtesy of the T Minus Space Daily podcast. My name is Parker Wyschek at the Aerospace Corporation. I am a human employee of Aerospace, not one of the many AI tools being developed by aerospace corporations, although I may have leveraged Aerospace's in house generative AI for some help on that intro. I did not source AI for the expertise of my two guests today. First, Kelly Fuhrer, who is Slingshot Aerospace's Chief Revenue Officer and Chief Marketing Officer. We're also joined by Aerospace's Manny Gonzalez Rivero, who is the Director of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, who leads a team at Aerospace tapping AI and machine learning tools for our customers. So thank you both Kelly and Manny, for joining me today and bringing this very broad topic to our Nexus listeners on T minus. Kelly, I would love for you to tell us a state of play generally across space about the artificial intelligence revolution and use cases of the technology. But do tell us a little bit about Slingshot Aerospace first.

A (11:53)

Yeah, Slingshot Aerospace exists to make space safe, secure and sustainable. And right now we're at an inflection point where space is no longer or the quiet frontier. It's congested, it's contested and increasingly critical to every part of life on Earth, from communications to national security. So that's all going to kind of come into play as we have this conversation about AI and really what the state of play is. So what sets Slingshot apart, we believe, is that we don't just show what's happening in space. Our AI helps to explain why it matters and what to do about it. So whether predicting satellite maneuvers, training operators in realistic simulations, or enabling cross allied collaboration on our platform, we're building the intelligent infrastructure layer for space. To your question Parker, which is what is the state of play for AI in the space sector? Broadly I would say that AI is already critical in satellite tracking, collision avoidance, war gaming and threat simulation. We are using that today at Slingshot. Its AI is integrated in everything from our sensor network systems where we are taking in the raw observations, the way we do data fusion and processing, to the way we take that data, we feed it into our SIM systems and we use AI on top of that. It really is pervasive across our platform and I think compelling because it's not that the AI is doing the work, it's scaling the amount of work that the humans can do. So if you think about it very simply, we can't put thousands of analysts in front of screens, but we can't put AI behind a thousand data feeds. So that kind of gives you kind of a sense of what it's doing as a lever in the space tech industry to help us advance that much faster on our awareness, awareness and our coordination of what's going on out there.

F (14:03)

Thank you, Kelly. And Slingshot is all over the spectrum of use cases in AI and space. I know you're supporting the Office of Space Commerce's Tracks platform. Kelly, tell us a little bit about Slingshot's role on Tracks.

A (14:18)

We are responsible for the presentation layer and I just want to kind of level set for everybody. If you don't know what the TRACS program is, the Trax program, you can think of it as like an air traffic control system for satellites. So just like planes need radar and controllers to keep from flying into each other in busy skies, satellites need that same kind of visibility and coordination to keep space safe and secure. So it's a really big important program. It's hosted by the Office of Space Commerce under noaa. And this year there was some concern about funding getting cut for this important program. And Commerce, their mission is literally an economic growth mission as well as an advancing technology mission, which satellites are really the backbone of modern life on Earth. And so it's really important that we support this program. And earlier this year, Slingshot and partners, just like you guys, we all bound together and went to Congress and said, hey, don't cut this funding. This is a really important program. The space domain is important, a part of the joint, all domains. And we need this space traffic coordination as a key piece to Keeping our edge in the space race and just keeping things less chaotic. So in fact, that kind of coalition has worked. We see the funding coming through and we're seeing new, new opportunities every day with the TRACKS program. We're all involved in it and I do think it's so important for the space industry overall. So thank you for asking that question.

F (16:11)

Artificial intelligence certainly has a very important role to play in conjunction analysis, collision avoidance and the future of space traffic coordination. And you've also got Agatha, an excellently branded tool for threat detection and identification.

A (16:27)

It was named after that Tom Cruise movie called Minority Report. And Agatha was the precognition that could see things happen before they happen. So while Agatha doesn't predict crimes, she definitely reveals what's going on out there in your neighborhood, in your space neighborhood, and why it matters and just helps again, scale that human cognition so much faster.

F (16:54)

Manny, can you build off what Kelly was talking about regarding the state of play? And I know Aerospace just recently released a strategy for AI. Maybe you can weave that in.

D (17:06)

Yeah, absolutely. So Kelly's right on. The cost of fielding these systems is dramatically decreasing. The amount of data that they're producing is enormous. We're not going to be able to scale on human beings anymore. We need to scale on technology and automation. And that's where really AI comes into play. Additionally, as we try to solve those problems, the design constraints in space are really hazardous. There's issues around size, weight and power dissipating thermal energy radiation that hits these systems. And so AI and ML is being used more and more to help drive the design side of the sensor platforms as well as we collect that data so that we can ultimately then fuse all of this information and drive actionable insights. And so an explosion of data complexity of these systems is increasing and our ability to fuse that information across multiple domains fast enough to provide actionable insights seems to be a theme again and again in the context of the AI strategy of Aerospace Corp. We have these five pillars that try to get after those very things. The first pillar being focus on AI enabled space operations and decision aids. So if you think about satellite mission management or real time anti jamming for comms ways, or how do we assist those operators, that's really what that pillar tries to get after. The second pillar being around trusted AI. How do we make sure that the outcomes that we derive from these systems can actually be used in safety critical circumstances? So this could be things like how do you want to make use of large language models and put guardrails on and if you have highly autonomous systems like the one that Kelly mentioned earlier, how do we make sure that we have the right watchdogs so that we protect lives without slowing down the speed of innovation? Number three, we're really focused on curating space data sets for the space enterprise. So if you think of all the telemetry that these systems are producing, being a trusted area where we can store this data and provide it to commercial entities so they can exploit it is one of our key tenants. And you can imagine also curating golden data sets that are labeled so that folks can exploit those for AI. You know, we think of aerospace as being a home where we can be a trusted entity for that, you know, Aerospace Corporation. And the fourth pillar, we've been providing modeling and simulation tools for about 70 years. And so now with the new generation of AI tools that are coming out, how do we upskill those capabilities with the new wave of technology? And so, you know, this can help drive AI driven war games or, you know, enhance the reliability of satellite operations. And then finally, of course, all of this is for nothing if we don't solve meaningful solutions. And that's the fifth pillar, AI solutions for space. And that's about being able to exploit these capabilities at the extreme edge and, you know, to be able to solve meaningful things like automatic target recognition or indicators and warnings or, you know, kind of these large scale meaningful missions on the global stage.

F (19:58)

So y' all both touched on two topics I want to ask in succession, you talked about the advent of the technology to where it is today and you talked about trust. I'll come back to trust in extending the state of play. Question. Are you where we thought we would be? Are we where in the industry we should be in the adoption of AI? Kelly, question to you first.

A (20:22)

We're not quite where we need to be. I think that's kind of consensus in terms of, you know, global powers. And you know, China and Russia are certainly very advanced in, in some of their, not just, you know, cyber tactics, but also AI applied to that. So we'd like to see, at least, I know I'd like to see for us to kind of speed up the, the adoption of AI kind of across, across the government channels where, where appropriate, you know, but it doesn't rupture, place the human on the loop. So I think there's still room for us to move ahead. And I think more and more, Mandy was just talking about aerospace and their history and modeling and simulation. We also have some big programs with the otti. We have big modeling simulation program using our AI agents. And that's a trust building training exercise. And the more we can all work together in these systems and get to that level of trust, that's really going to kind of shrink that trust gap that we have and hopefully over time the acquisition gap and even the data gap shrinks. Because I think that's another kind of piece of the puzzle on are we where we need to be?

F (21:48)

Are we where you think we should be? Where Aerospace thinks we should be?

D (21:52)

Well, so two comments there kind of speaking of what Kelly said, especially in those hyper competitive domains, if you're not ahead, you're behind, right? So we probably want to continue to push as if we're behind to get ahead. If you look at commercial, the advances that you see there are staggering. Just an incredible amount of investment, trillions of dollars of capex expense in the commercial realm. And so the question isn't whether or not the technology exists. It's exactly what Kelly said. Can we get that technology into the hands and the places and the space that we need for it to be relevant and valuable in these important domains? Right. And so I think that's where we have the biggest challenge. There is this sense of wanting to save lives, so we need to be safe, but at the same time we cannot slow down the speed of innovation. And you know, Aerospace Corp. We think of ourselves as innovation accelerators and so we need to make sure that we facilitate as much as possible keeping that innovation at pace while keeping folks safe. And so a lot of that is going to be about making sure that we allow rapid failure in safe places. As our understanding deepens and grows, I think we can probably loosen up our responsors a little bit and start investing a little bit more in systems that allow for failure and redundancy.

A (23:08)

Yeah, I think so too. I mean we kind of alluded to it already. It's just more exercises, more simulations, more sandboxes and get that feedback loop going to the developers and you know, and figure out what needs to change what you know, where, where it's going wrong because it is a machine. So it's only as good as the training and the coaching that you give it. And so I think even opening up more, you know, shared frameworks. And you talked about your golden data set meta. It's labeled like getting to some standards on metadata labeling. So we all, you know, call a red thing red in every system and not, you know, bright orange in another system. Like I think those some, some basic things like getting a standard industry vernacular where we all understand what we're talking about when we say something because you know these, these domains, it is a national security, it is a war fighting domain. All of those things that come with just a, any industry, any tech industry maturing, everybody has to start using the same kind of language to talk about things and you know, shared framework. So I think that will help a lot as well.

D (24:24)

Let me just chime in one more thing. We refer to that in aerospace as democratizing access to the problem. And so if we're able to democratize access to the problem and the data associated with it and give it to commercial and allow them to forge solutions in that hyper competitive crucible, then I think we can help them win.

F (24:42)

Great way to end it. There will be plenty of those hard problems. You could bet that AI is going to be there. You can bet that Slingshot and Aerospace will be there. So thank you Kelly, thank you Manny, thank you T minus. Thanks to the listeners and we'll tackle some of those hard problems with you later next time in the Nexus.

C (25:09)

Our thanks to Parker Wyschek at the Aerospace Corporation for joining us for our monthly Nexus check in and if you have a question that you would like the Nexus team to address, send it on over to us. The email is space2k.com and we will share your question or thought or idea with them. We'll be right back.

B (25:46)

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C (26:31)

Today, September 22nd is an Equinox. It's spring if you are in the Southern hemisphere and autumn if you are in the northern. On the equinox the length of day and night are just about equal. For our friends in the Southern hemisphere, your spring now begins in earnest. Hope you enjoy the lovely weather and increasing sunshine. For folks like me in the Northern hemisphere though, it is the official start of autumn today, though where I live it has been certainly feeling and looking that way for a good while with significantly cooler nights and the start of the lovely color changes in the surrounding tree foliage. It is nice, isn't it? And since it is the equinox, here's a little bit of Greek mythology trivia for you about this day. The autumn equinox was also called Demeter's Sorrow, as it was said that the equinox was when her daughter Persephone would begin her yearly descent into the underworld to Hades kingdom, Demeter being the goddess of the harvest, the grief of seeing her daughter depart would bring about the end of the harvest and the start of the cold months where nothing will grow. That is, until the next equinox in spring when the cycle begins anew. A little something to ponder over your pumpkin spice latte perhaps. And that's T minus Brought to you by N2K CyberWire what do you think about T Minus Space Daily? Please take a few minutes to share your thoughts with us by completing our brief listener survey. Link is in the show Notes for you and thank you for helping us continue to improve our show. We are proud that N2K CyberWire is part of the daily routine of the most influential leaders and operators in the public and private sector. From the Fortune 500 to many of the world's preeminent intelligence and law enforcement agencies, N2K helps space and cybersecurity professionals grow, learn and stay informed. As a nexus for discovery and connection, we bring you the people, the technology and the ideas shaping the future of secure innovation. Learn how@n2k.com N2K Senior Producer is Alice Carruth. Our producer is Liz Stokes. We are mixed by Elliot Peltzman and Trey Hester with original music by Elliot Peltzman. Our Executive Producer is Jennifer Ivan. Peter Kielpe is our publisher and I am your host Maria Varmas. Thank you for listening and see you tomorrow.

D (28:55)

T minus.