
Emilee and Yolande had grown an ideology and seeded it globally. A reach investigative reporters Sirin Kale and Lucy Osborne could not have fathomed when they started reporting on the story. They set out to see just how far FBS has spread. This is episode five of a year-long investigation
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A
This is the Guardian.
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Hi, I'm Shirin Kahler.
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And I'm Lucy Osborne.
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You're listening to the Birth Keepers, a new six part series from the Guardian Investigates.
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Just before we start, this series contains references to baby loss and maternal harm.
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Foreign.
A
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That video we told you about at the end of episode four. It marked a new chapter in our investigation. Shrine and I had been monitoring FBS for months. But after watching that video, we dropped everything else. All our other stories. That image was all we could think about. We started making calls. We hit the road. So we're here in Omaha in the Midwest, America, traveling around the United States.
B
It's just all farms, isn't it? It's just agricultural equipment just driving down this dirt track.
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Now.
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We wanted to find out how many people have been influenced by fbs.
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Every time you get that message from somebody, like from a source, saying, oh, there's been another stillbirth, you just have this feeling of like, fear. Like, I've never felt anything like it.
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And what was the scale of the possible harm?
D
There's just this
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absolute trail of destruction.
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We knocked on this door and once it opened, there was no way of shutting it. But soon we realised it wasn't just America. Yeah, Ernie's neighborhood.
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It's in the southern suburbs of Cape Town in South Africa. Hi, do you speak English and French here?
D
Right.
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That's perfect. We can do both.
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Emily and Yolanda had grown an ideology and seeded it globally. FBS was taking root in communities across the world. Here's Emily on a call with MMI students.
A
Maybe what we could do while people
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are still finding their way here, is have a little fun orchestra of coming
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off mute and saying, where you are?
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I'm in New Mexico, Franklin, Tennessee. London, Sweden. I'm in Ireland. I'm from Serbia. Hi, I'm in Rota, Uruguay.
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I'm in Cambridge, in England.
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A reach we could never have fathomed when we started reporting this story. From the guardian investigates. I'm lucy osborne.
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I'm shirin kahler.
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This is the birth keepers episode five, fbs goes global.
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Emily, she's always on her phone. We knew that early in our reporting. That's understandable for a successful influencer. But then Lucy asked Serendipity something and her answer really caught our attention.
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How often was Emily directly speaking to women during their labors that you were aware of?
E
From my perception, every day, actually, during their labours. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Women were not necessarily always on the phone, but women were constantly texting her, like, labor starting. This is where I'm at in labor. This is what I'm, you know, like. And yeah, like every single time I was with her on her property or anywhere, she was texting with a woman in labor.
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And can you recall any times where she was telling a woman, don't go to hospital?
E
I've never heard her tell somebody directly not to go to the hospital. But when we're all over at her house and somebody's texting her in labor, she'll bring it up to everyone who's there and then we'll all talk about it. And there's many times that we've been like, oh, is this like, does she need to go to the hospital for this? And we'll be like, no, she doesn't need to go to the hospital for that.
B
This was shocking because it suggested that Emily never stopped offering women advice during their labour, even after the death of Lauren's baby, Journey Moon, who you heard about in episode three. Hey, I just spoke to Adair. Really sad her daughter died in Emily was advising during the birthday was like five day labor. Heavy meconium baby was breach. And who like a journey through FBS called Emily, apparently.
C
Hey, thanks for the update. I don't know, I just find it really shocking that these people that we're speaking to now, Emily has been directly involved in their birth. I sort of assumed that after Journey Moon that she'd have stopped doing that or doing that lesson.
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As we began to try and work out the extent of FBS influence, finding more and more cases, they seemed to fit into different patterns. The image that comes to mind is a stone being thrown into a pond. Ripples of influence spreading out from FPS at the centre. And the first ripple, the closest to them is Emily on her phone texting women in labor.
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I was just thinking, like, just feeling like I just wanted to be over, you know? Then this thought started to come up of, like, this can't be normal. Like, this cannot be, like, normal the way things are supposed to go.
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That's Hayley Bordeaux. We're not going to give you a play by play of Hayley's labour. What you need to know is that it's 2024. She'd had a wild pregnancy and something felt seriously wrong. The pain was excruciating. A friend at her birth suggested they text Emily. Emily got on a call with Hayley, Hayley's friend, and Hayley's husband, Stephen.
F
We were probably, like, about to go to the hospital and I remember Emily saying, like, the hospital has nothing for you.
B
That's what she said. The hospital has nothing for you.
G
Yeah, the hospital has nothing for you. Like, they would just make things worse, like, you don't want to go there.
B
That's Hayley's husband, Steven.
G
You know, Haley was telling Emily the pain is unbearable. And she just said, oh, that's. That's just birth. That's just birth, you know, and gave us a lot of reassurance.
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Around two days later, still at home, the baby still having not arrived, Emily spoke to Hayley and Stephen again.
G
Hayley was just saying, why is it taking so long? It shouldn't feel this painful. I just want to die. And Emily went into this pseudo spiritual rant, saying, oh, girl, you know, time doesn't exist. You got this. It really felt like we had just locked ourselves in a cage and, like, threw away the key.
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Late in the evening of the 27th of January, five days after her waters broke, Hayley went blind. They raced to hospital. Hayley's son was born safely by C section, but Hayley didn't see him.
F
Found out that I had had, like, four or five strokes during the labor, and that's what caused the vision loss. And that was from the high blood pressure. And I was just so lucky that my vision came all the way back. But, like, some of the pictures, you know, in our hospital room was like, my face is just, like, total blank. Like, I don't know if my vision, like, was back at that point or not, but, like, I look, like, dead inside.
B
Hayley's friend texted Emily. She said the doctors diagnosed Hayley's temporary loss of vision as the result of severe preeclampsia. Emily responded, she doesn't have severe preeclampsia. That's so Entirely retarded. She's a normal, healthy woman. After this happened, Emily emailed Hayley saying, I'm really sorry that my involvement in your birth wasn't what you wanted, needed. But privately, Emily was less conciliatory. Here's what she told students about Hayley.
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She transferred and wound up having seizures, I think.
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Yeah.
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And had a C section and was labeled preeclamptic and afterwards made up a pretty big story about me and made up a story that I almost killed her.
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So that's vipple one. Emily on her phone texting women in labour.
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The second ripple. Women who didn't directly speak to Emily or Yolanda during their labours, but did consume FBS content. We couldn't believe how many of these women there were scattered across the world, from Switzerland to France, Australia to Thailand. One of the stories that really demonstrates the reach of FBS is the story of Gabby Lopez. Her husband was there and so were three local friends. All of the women, all four of them had met through the FBS membership
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felt like life changing. It sounds silly to say, but just I felt like I was meeting my sisters, you know, for life.
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What you're hearing is a video recording of Gabby's birth. It might sound like a serene scene, and in many ways it was. That's because no one in the room realized that what was unfolding was actually a life threatening situation.
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I'm doing so good, baby.
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When Gabby's son Esau's head was born, his body got stuck on her pelvic bone.
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The head's out.
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What she was experiencing was shoulder dystocia, an emergency that occurs in up to 1% of vaginal births and one that medical professionals are trained to resolve. None of the women in that room had any medical training, but all of the women had consumed FBS materials. And so what they had in their minds were those teachings that birth is safe and to trust the process. But somewhere deep inside her was Gabby's intuition.
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I guess deep down I knew that he was stuck. Something was wrong. I said something like, can you reach in? Like, can you get him out? Can someone get him out?
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Instead of listening to her and responding to what she was actually saying, I think I was just kind of regurgitating this, this dogma that I had chosen to entrench myself in.
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This is Sarah, one of Gabby's FBS friends, who was with her during the labour.
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It really felt we entered some sort of time warp.
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Where's your baby?
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That's it.
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Oh, he's so close, Gab. Half the Shoulders out, baby
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after five minutes. If a baby is stuck at a medically attended birth, it's an emergency. Esau was stuck in the end for 17 minutes, and with each minute, he was sustaining an irreversible brain injury. When Issa was born, he wasn't breathing. But FBS teaches its followers to give the baby time to breathe, so they did.
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Can you air
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connected to the cord? Perfect. Perfect.
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But minutes later, Gabby's maternal instinct kicked in and overrode her FBS education. Gabby started doing CPR while Sarah Googled how to do it. Someone else called an ambulance.
F
I wish we had been quicker to call 911, because once the paramedics came, they were able to resuscitate him, I believe, relatively quickly.
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Esau was taken to pediatric intensive care, where he stayed for 21 days. Now, age 3, he is severely disabled and fed through a feeding tube. I met Esau. He's a sweet and sensitive boy and loves Miss Rachel and Sesame Street. But you can see he gets frustrated when he can't do things his little brother can do. Gabby sometimes struggles to understand how this happened to her family. She looks back at her time in FBS and doesn't recognize herself.
H
Nobody joins a cult willingly. Nobody. You know, you think you're joining, like, a great movement, and I was just so in, like, captivated by, by their message. So I felt like it just felt almost too good to be true, which I think was the case.
C
FBS is not, by any conventional definition, a cult, but Gabby is not the only one who used that word. Former FBS members often use this kind of language to describe the hold they feel the organization had over them. After leaving fbs, Gabby discovered that there were other children like Esau, who were seriously injured or died.
H
It was very upsetting for me to learn that it happened not one, not two, not three, not four, but multiple times after me.
C
As Shirin and I continued our investigation, we started hearing this morning phrase the lost mums. It's a term that former FBS members use. Women who had lost their babies in free births. Many didn't want to speak to us because of the shame and the stigma they felt, and also just the raw grief associated with losing a child. Some seemed to be hiding themselves from the world, but slowly women started to open up. So I spoke to someone called, just let you know, I've just spoken to another lost mum. She's lost two babies during free births.
B
This is she is Some had her daughter in 2022.
C
She was heavily influenced by FBS. Just yet another really sad one.
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She lost her daughter in 2025.
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Hey, I just spoke to another woman called who also had a postpar hemorrhage and nearly died at home.
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After this mother's daughter died, she commented on the FBS Instagram account. Her comment had been deleted and she'd been blocked shortly after she faced it.
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That and the baby suffered severe oxygen deprivation and died six and a half months later.
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The mother said, I had their words in my mind. I had their video playing in my mind and my daughter began showing signs of distress. It's a really sad story. This one really sticks with me. Actually. Her daughter passed away in her arms.
C
It's just another it's just really really sad. And it just makes you wonder how many other women there are around the world. Like how much more of there is this that we haven't come across yet. Coming up, fbs birth keepers go out into the world foreign.
I
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B
Hablas espanol?
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So the first two ripples are Emily and Yolanda influencing women either directly in a conversation or indirectly via their podcasts and courses. But the next Fipple in the water was the influence of women who have been trained by FBS in courses including rbk, the Radical Birth People School. You remember the RBK school? It's the one that taught women how to be what they called authentic midwives. In three months on Zoom, some women hired RBKs knowing they were trained by FBS but thinking they had life saving skills. They learned too late that they didn't. But others, some thousands of miles away from the US had no idea what FBS was.
D
I have never heard of something like a birth keeper in my life.
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Our nest, the Chirwa Ernie, lives in Cape Town, South Africa. Ernie and her husband Jifundo were introduced to a woman called Caitlin Collins through a friend. That was in 2021, the same year Caitlin graduated from the Radical Birthkeeper School. How did Caitlin introduce herself to you? What did you understand of Caitlin's job?
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She introduced herself to me as a midwife.
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That's how Ernie and Trofundo remember that meeting. This is their account of what happened next. Caitlin, who is now a significant figure in fbs, denies she ever presented herself as a midwife or medical professional and disputes much of Ernie and Chiffindo's account of events. We'll come to Caitlin's version after Ernie, who was a cleaner at the time, could not afford what she said was Caitlin's fee. But as her husband was a tailor, Ernie said that Caitlin agreed to accept clothing instead of cash. During your prenatal care with Caitlin, did she ever take your blood pressure?
D
No, she never took any blood pressure.
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Did she ever measure the size of your bump?
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No, she didn't.
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Did she ever take a urine sample?
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No, she didn't.
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Did she ever take your blood?
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No.
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Did you understand at the time that that wasn't what most prenatal care is like under midwives, or did you think you were in safe hands?
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I just thought I was in safe hands because it was my first pregnancy, so I wasn't quite aware of what happened.
B
So you trusted her?
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I fully trusted her because I've made like two or three white couples also visiting her at our place. Yeah, So I was like, if these people keep on coming here, that means she's a top class, she's a top notch.
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Had Ernie received standard ultrasounds during her pregnancy, she would have learned that she was pregnant with twins. Experts recommend a planned birth for twins at 36 to 37 weeks. Instead, Ernie went to 43 weeks of pregnancy. Chofindo texted Caitlin to check if it was normal to go past Ernie's due date. Caitlin replied, can Be normal. Those dates are a rough estimate. The most important thing is your baby moving lots. And Ernie is feeling good. On the 14th of February, 2022, Ernie went into labour. Caitlin arrived at her house just after midnight. Instead of examining her, Caitlin turned off all the lights.
D
Just switched off the lights also on the living room. Then my husband asked her like, is it okay to switch, to switch off the lights? Then she was like, yeah, actually, it helps a woman in labor to keep cool.
B
Then Ernie says Caitlin fell asleep all of a sudden.
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She fell asleep on the couch at
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around 2am Ernie says she and her husband Trofundo wrote up Caitlin, who briefly checked her before going back to sleep.
D
All of a sudden, again, Katelyn fell asleep on the bed while I was lying on the floor. I kept on waiting while she was asleep there and I was getting so tired.
C
Do you want another tissue?
B
This way. Then around 5am, they woke up Caitlin again. Katelyn checked Ernie and saw a baby's foot was hanging out. They decided to go to the hospital. On the drive there, Ernie says that Caitlin asked them to not mention that they were trying to have a home birth.
D
I was so shocked, like, why is she asking us not to mention that we were trying to have a home birth now? Before we entered into the hospital gate, the hospital entrance, then she just wanted to just drop us outside of the gate. Then my husband said, you know what, Caitlin, Annie can't move. Can you drive us inside? So she said, okay, and she drove us inside. Then she just left.
B
Caitlin had dropped them at Retreat Day Hospital, the nearest hospital, but one that specializes in low risk care. The staff there called an ambulance to take Ernie to another hospital, a facility better suited for the medical emergency she was in. She waited two hours to be transferred. By the time she arrived, her daughter Quelly's heartbeat had stopped
D
by 13 past 10. My baby daughter was born that time. Then they said, I'm sorry, Annie, it's your daughter, but she's a stillborn. Then I had the nurse telling me, you know what? There's still another baby inside and let's hope that this one is alive. That's when I came to know that I was carrying twins.
B
But her son Kwezi had died in utero a day or so before.
D
I'm into the room, into the ward, and everyone is holding their babies and I'm the only person there. I just felt so empty.
B
Like. Ernie would later learn that Caitlin had a reputation amongst the medical community in Cape Town. Although Caitlin had trained as a midwife, she wasn't actually licensed in South Africa because her qualification was from the US in 2020 and 2021, two stillbirths were linked to the practice she ran with her business partner in an 18 month period in November 2021 while Ernie was still pregnant with the twins she didn't know she was having. Caitlin was told by the local health authority to stop practicing until she registered. But Caitlin didn't tell Ernie. She kept her as a client. Later, Ernie and Trofimo sued Caitlin for alleged negligent care. They also reported her to the police in Cape Town. The police have not responded to repeated requests for comments. Caitlin also declined to comment, but in her defence in the ongoing lawsuit, she said that she unequivocally told Ernie and Chofindo that she was a berth keeper and that she'd always make that clear. She denied the couple's account of the car journey and hospital drop off. She also denied receiving payment for her work, saying the skirt Chifunde made her was a gift. Kaitlin's lawyers claimed she advised the couple to register with health professionals and it was Ernie and Trifundo's negligence, they said, that contributed to the death of the twins. In June this year, Caitly made a special appearance at FPS's Matriarch Vising Festival. Tatelin had a dance workshop and DJed under the name DJ Kundi playing tribal themed dance music. We have DJ Kundi in the house. Do you want to give us like
F
a vibe of what you're going for?
B
You just want to surprise us. Standing next to her was Emily Saldea.
C
Here's a thought that stopped us in our tracks when we were reporting on RBKs. There are now more than 850 of them around the world, potentially with dozens of clients. Many of them are still attending births. So how many more cases like Ernie's are there? It's impossible to know. When a free birth goes wrong. No one can say with any certainty that the outcome would have been different with a doctor or midwife present. Tragically, babies do die in hospitals too. However, after a year long investigation, here is what we found. We identified 48 cases of baby deaths or serious harm involving mothers or birth attendants who appear to be linked to FBS. In 18 of these cases, evidence suggests that FBS played a significant role in decision making that led to potentially avoidable tragedies. I always find it hard talking about these things in terms of stats figures. These are real people. The devastation and the heartbreak would stay with us for weeks after we hung up the phone or got back in our cars. To be honest, some of these stories will stay with us forever. We weren't the only ones disturbed by the growing number of deaths connected to fbs. Remember the backlash that began on Reddit that we mentioned at the end of the last episode? It was called the Free Birth Society Scam. It started in March and quickly snowballed with hundreds of new comments each week. By August, Emily and Yolanda decided to respond to it in a new episode and it was staggering.
F
These lonely, bitter women banded together and created, as you said, a little hate club so that they could feel a sense of validation and, ironically, community when they realized that they actually weren't going to get either of those things from us. And they made up a bunch of stories and told a bunch of lies and a bunch of other women who I think were also to some degree lonely and isolated believed them. And ultimately it was and is nothing really just jealousy.
C
Next time on the Birth Keepers, the Lost Mums Fight back.
B
Emily Saldea and Yolanda Norris Clark were both approached for comment about the issues raised in this series. Neither provided a substantive response. In reply to one email, Emily said some of these allegations are false or defamatory. After we published the findings of our investigation, Emily posted a statement on Instagram branding our report propaganda and suggesting it contained lies. She previously criticised other media coverage for unfairly depicting her as, quote, some manipulative cult leader and said she does not care whether women free birth but wants them to have the option to choose. Yolanda has previously said that FBS was the most ethical kind of business you can run. She has said that FBS critics fail to understand its commitment to mothers taking radical responsibility and that she should not be held responsible for a mother's choices. Yolanda has also said she has always been transparent that she's not a registered midwife. In May, FBS released a disclaimer saying its content was not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any medical condition related to pregnancy or birth. For medical advice, consult your healthcare provider.
C
You can read all our reporting on the Free bird society@theguardian.com reporting and presenting was by Shirin Kale and Lucy Osborne. The series producers were Elizabeth Cassin and Joshua Kelly. The development and field producer was Lucy Hoff. Music composition and sound design was by Rudy Segadolo. The commissioning editors were Nicole Jackson and Paul Lewis.
B
This is the Guardian.
A
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Date: December 10, 2025
Reporters/Hosts: Lucy Osborne & Shirin Kahler
Investigator: Melissa Segura
This episode, part five in The Guardian's series on the Free Birth Society (FBS), explores how a fringe ideology about childbirth, propagated by FBS, expanded from the United States to communities around the globe, sometimes with tragic outcomes. The episode investigates the direct and indirect influence wielded by the FBS founders and “birth keepers,” chronicles several harrowing stories of maternal and infant harm or death, and examines the impact that radicalized online birth communities can have in real life.
Lucy and Shirin break down the different "ripples" of FBS influence:
The tone is investigative, compassionate, and empathetic. The hosts and reporters balance reporting horrifying tragedies with a deep respect for the families affected, refusing to reduce stories to mere statistics. The language used by insiders and former FBS members is candid and at times raw, with sensitive handling of issues around blame and responsibility.
The episode concludes with a call for accountability and deeper investigation. The hosts remind listeners that the devastation behind each statistic is real and lasting. The series will continue to follow up with how grieving families—“the lost mums”—organize and fight for justice.