B (3:13)
I'm the biggest boss that you seen thus far. I'm the biggest boss that you seen thus far. I'm the biggest boss that you seen thus far. Is this thing on? Here we go. All right. Hey everyone. Thank you so much for driving up to Vermont or flying to Vermont. Who came from Australia? Who's the person from Australia? Axel. Axel. Hey. Welcome. That is pretty amazing. So hopefully I don't disappoint too much. I'm thrilled that Dave asked me to come to this event. I realize actually that the last in person event that I went to and presented at was with Dave Gerhardt and I think it was in 2020. It's about four years. It was when you were at Drift and we did an event, we did like a meetup at the Drift office there. And it was literally the last time that I've been an in person event. So it's amazing to come back and see people in real life. And since then I try to account. I think that I've done somewhere north of 300 digital events between those two. So if I break into trying to communicate to you people on the chat interface or something like that, that's what that's all about. Unfortunately, I'm unused to talking to human beings. While I was building my company Plana that I sold back in 2022, I did most of my work in my office up in the third floor of my house. And my wife would make fun of me all the time because I never actually interacted with the real world and talked to real people. So I'm not used to it anymore. So be gentle on me if there's any networking and communication. Sometimes it makes me nervous. Not really. So this is what we're going to talk about. I've spent a longer career than many of you. Unfortunately I'm finding out have been alive in marketing. And I want to share some of what I've learned along the way about, as Dave said, some of the boring stuff in marketing. I spent a lot of my career focusing on the stuff that you need to do to make marketing work. It's less about marketing itself, but it's pretty critical for marketing leaders to figure out how to do this stuff. Now, when I was planning to do this event, I forgot that we were in person, and I put up this QR code that I don't want anyone to go to because I realized that I could just ask you in person instead of doing a survey. Literally. I forgot that you're going to be here in real life, so don't click. You can go there if you want, but it's not that exciting. I'm going to ask you a couple of questions first. So I want to get your sense for what you think is required to be a CMO in 2024. So first of all, how many people think you should have been a individual contributor who's had experience in more than two domains of marketing? All right, how about more than three? How about one? Just one? Is that okay? How about zero? Zero? Is that okay? All right. Now, how about education? How many people think it's important to have an advanced degree in marketing these days? Like an MBA or like that? I got zero. Okay, how about like a bachelor's degree in marketing? What do you think? Is that important? Yeah, some people. Ross thinks it is. Okay, all right. He's probably got. Do you have an advanced degree in marketing? You might. Okay. All right. How about, I don't know, at least take a class in marketing? Would that be handy? All right. Exactly. Okay, so I'm asking all of you these questions because I wanted to start this presentation by telling you that I am wildly unqualified to be a cmo. Now, Dave didn't share a lot about my background, but I've actually been a CMO many times. I've been a CMO of up to about a $2 billion public company for about five years. A company called Nuance in the voice recognition space. I built a company as a CEO and sold that company and then decided I had to do it one more time. So I took a CMO job. I had a company called Goto. It's about $1 billion company that's private equity backed, a fairly large organization. And I am wildly unqualified to be a cmo. Let me tell you a little bit about my journey into the CMO office in case it's Helpful, inspiring, frightening, or something in between. So I went to college and I didn't. In fact, not only did I not get a degree in marketing or an advanced degree in marketing, I've literally never taken a marketing class in my life. It gets scary. Not only have I not had three individuals, contributor roles as a marketer or two, or even one, I've literally never had a job in my life where I've had to do marketing. So how did that happen? So I have degrees in physics and computer science from Boston College, down the street here, about four miles. And when I graduated from school, I said to my advisor at school, I said, what do you think I should do? And he said, I have no idea what you're going to do. And he recommended that I go talk to this company, IBM, because he had a former student who was a systems engineering manager at IBM. So I said, oh, that sounds pretty cool. So I went and I did all these interviews and ended up getting a job offer. And they said, actually, we think you're going to work out well in marketing. I said, great. I don't know what that is. Right. But sounds pretty good. So I show up on the first day and what do they do? I show up and there's literally a stack of white binders. Did anyone remember white binders? That was. Where are the old people? Where are my people? Okay, so I show up, there's a stack of white binders, and they say, read this stuff. And in six weeks we're going to fly you to Atlanta and you're going to take a test on that stuff. If you pass the test on the first day, you can stay and you'll stay there for a month and continue your training. I said, great, that sounds pretty good to me. It was super easy stuff. It was stuff about product things. There was a bunch of finance stuff and there was a whole bunch of stuff on sale. And I said, what is this stuff? I had no idea. And it turned out that when IBM said you're in marketing, they actually meant you're in sales. And yeah, so I was a marketing rep for IBM and literally I was embarrassed. I couldn't tell my family. My family's literally. My two older brothers and my dad are all PhD scientists. Right. That's the family business, to be a scientist. And this was like embarrassing and miserable to be in sales. So fast forward a few years later, I ended up leaving and working for some smaller companies and spent a lot of time digging in and really trying to understand the business. And when I did that, I was running a small team running a channel sales organization across the US for a public company, a division of a public company. And they fired the head of marketing. And the GM came to me and said, will you do it? And I said, sure. So my first job in marketing was running marketing for the division of a public company, which was ridiculous. So I'm totally unqualified to do marketing. So now I've convinced you not to listen to anything that I say, but I'm going to give you a little bit of advice about some things that I think are pretty important. Well, first of all, who wants to be a CMO in this audience? Who would like to be a cmo? Right. I got a lot of nos. This is cool, right? This is pretty impressive. So I've recently been actually interviewing a bunch of people. I'm actually in the hunt for a head of Global Marketing for GoTo as I took on a broader role. I started as a CMO and they asked me to take on the chief commercial officer role, including marketing and sales. As I interviewed people, a lot of people said, well, were CMOs originally who were looking for my VP of corporate marketing job when about 600 people applied. And a lot of them said, I don't want to be a CMO anymore. And I think this is one of the reasons why. So how do CMOs spend their time? So this is literally I went and I looked at my calendar in August, which was my last month as like a full time CMO before taking on the sales side. It's changed a little bit since then and literally 5% of my time was spent doing marketing things. The biggest chunk of course was internal meetings. Now we're a billion dollar company, so it's a little bit complicated. There's a little bit of that along the way. A quarter of my time was on board prep and about 15% was on recruiting and 10% on planning stuff. The point is there's very little marketing, thank God, since I don't know anything about it. Right. So without any experience, it's actually pretty critical that that's the case. So I'm going to spend a few minutes here talking about building a marketing organization. And to give you some context, I've done this a bunch of times. I've built things from scratch, I've rebuilt things, I've broken things, I've fixed things a little bit along the way. And through that process I've developed a set of sort of tools and standards to help me figure out how to do this effectively. And I wanted to share Some of that with you. And by the way, this tends to be my approach. I spent a lot of time, I wrote a book called the Next CMO with my two co founders of my company. And it was really about putting in one place a set of frameworks and templates and ideas to actually run the marketing organization as a cmo. And we did it because we realized that it was a need in the market and it helped me sell some software along the way and build some great thought leadership. So that was fun. And when Dave asked me to do this, I said, wow, that would be fun. I don't really have anything to promote or sell. There's a giant honorarium, as you might expect, for doing this. I think it was zero. He paid for my hotel. But I love to do this. And one of the things that I wanted to do is sort of document some of the things that I hadn't done yet in my book. So this is relatively brand new. I'm thinking of actually either a new edition of the book or actually building a completely second book on some of these topics. But one of the areas is about building. So it's important to understand that building, though, is not enough by itself. You have to build, you have to run, and you have to lead. And I'm going to spend most of the time here. I don't have a ton on building, but we're going to talk about the other two very briefly. So here's some guidelines and I'm going to go through these. I'm not going to read the list because you all seem to be pretty smart. Here are some guidelines about the things that you need to do to build a marketing organization effectively today. So let's go through them quickly, one by one, with a little bit of time. So the first thing that's critical. So I'm building a new marketing organization. Absolutely. You have to align it to your strategy. So whenever people say to me all the time, well, what's the ideal marketing organization? I say, I have no idea. How much should I spend on marketing? I have no idea. What's your strategy? What are your goals? What's your business? Who do you sell to? What's your growth rate? All these things. You absolutely have to consider that. So if you look at a book and say, hey, here's the template marketing organization, it's almost always the wrong answer. So you need to start with your strategy. So as an example, if you're exit 5 and you've got a thought leadership strategy, you need to make sure there's some Deep content, experts on staff, that's going to be the center of your strategy, that's your product is those ideas. When I was running this nuance, this public company, we had about a billion dollar division that was in healthcare. I had five doctors on staff. Their job was to create content to be thought leaders. So we built an organization based on the needs of building great thought leadership and great content. If you're digital demand, you might think about, hey, I want to build that in house capability versus rely on everything outside a house. If I'm a PLG person, I might organize my product a little bit differently. And if I want to do lots of in person events, I want to make sure I have a really strong field capability. But it has to be based on what your goals are as an organization and what's the strategy that you have as a marketer. So the second thing here is you need to make sure that it actually fits with the financial model. The financial model supports the organization that you're building. So is everyone familiar with cac? Customer acquisition cost? Okay, really important thing to understand what a lot of people ask. I alluded to this before. They'll often ask me how much should I spend on marketing? And people think about it these days. People always say, well, what percentage of revenue should I spend on marketing? The answer is it doesn't matter. It doesn't matter that the percentage of revenue is not the most important determinant. The most important determinant is how much growth do you need to create on an annual basis and how quickly do you expect to pay back the investment on that growth. So when you're building an organization, sometimes you're building ahead of that scale level you're trying to create. So what you need to do is one, you need to understand not only the current model, what's the current financial model in constraints you're working with, but then what's the target cap ratio over time do I expect to be able to acquire a dollar of recurring revenue for A$1, 50, 85 cents, etc. Really critical for you to understand because it gives you a guideline. And that guideline is going to say, well, that's my cac, my CAC has to include all my marketing and all my sales. What's my go to market strategy? Is my go to market strategy field led, is it marketing led, et cetera, that will help you drive the split. But the organization model that you build has to fit in the financial guardrails that you're operating in as a leader of that organization. Okay, next you got to make it simple. This is my organization. This is a 200 person marketing organization. At the top level it looks pretty simple. There's me until about a month ago. Anyway, I've got a product marketing head, a growth head, a corporate marketing head and an ops head and that's it. I got a chief of staff and I have an ea but and there's stuff underneath there. But it has to be drop dead simple. Why does it have to be simple? It has to be simple because not only do you need to understand the organization, the organization needs to understand how to work with each other, needs to work with other functions in the company to make sure that things can actually happen. And people really struggle with building the world's most complex thing. Absolutely. You need to focus on driving for radical simplicity in the model. The second thing is clear accountability. You need to make sure you absolutely drive for accountability in an organization that you're building. So it starts with your corporate goals. And the CMO should be accountable for driving that element of the corporate goals and make sure that each element of the organization has very strong alignment and accountability and KPIs for what they're trying to do. I can't tell you how many organizations that I've talked to as we've either acquired companies or I've built things where people just don't have a clear understanding. What are your goals? Well, we're going to grow. Okay, well that's great. Well, you're in corporate marketing. You're actually a service center. So what are you doing to enable the rest of the organization? Maybe your KPI should be around your turnaround time and your efficiency with drit. So what are the specific goals? What are you accountable for in your part of the organization? You need to make that crystal clear. The other thing that you need to do is make sure you absolutely resist building layers in the organization. So I've been doing this for a long time back earlier in my career and I think thankfully this is changing people really drove her. I want to be at this large organization, lots of layers, things like that. It felt good. There are huge issues with building layers in the organization. And I want you to think about these two charts. The first one shows visibility compared to layers. So visibility, what does that mean? It means you as a marketing leader, do you have a clear understanding of what everyone is doing? But more importantly, do each of those individuals at the end node in the organization understand what's going on up above of that? That two way visibility is really critical to understand and it's a really simple chart. If you've got very few layers, visibility is very high. The more layers you get, the lower the visibility gets. Super simple concept, right. But there's a second thing that I think is almost more important and that's about camaraderie. So you've all been. I hope you have. I'm the only one who hasn't been an individual contributor in marketing. I think most of you have. Right. And you often get stuck in this tiny little node of an organization and it's incredibly unproductive and you get this tension where people in your organization want to grow and they want to be a manager. I want to be a manager because that's part of my path for growth. So people push to say, I'm going to stick one or two employees under this person, I'm going to call them a manager. And that's terrible for those employees because they're stuck. You've created a challenge. With too many layers in the organization, there's no visibility. And they have a very small number of people that they can work with as colleagues to really understand how they can effectively get their job done. So it's a really huge issue in organizations and something that you absolutely have to resist in the organization.