A concept both familiar and puzzling.

In this episode, host Dr. Laurance Splitter begins with some examples which reveal that the ideaof identity has been, and is still, used to mean different things. Heraclitus asserted that no man can step into the same river twice, because it is not the same river and he is not the same man; a parent insists that their child can’t wear the same shirt again because it is dirty; and a party-goer laments that someone else is wearing exactly the same jacket that she just purchased forthe occasion.

Laurance provides a brief historical account of the concept of identity, particularly since Enlightenment times, pointing out that when applied to persons and not just objects, identityover time – where we assert that A and B are the same – can have either a quantitative or aqualitative sense: the former when we mean that A and B are literally one and the same individual, and the latter when we mean either that A and B share certain characteristics or qualities – including identifying with the same group or collective (nation, religion, culture…), or that A and B can never be the same because at least some of A’s qualities have changed by thetime “it” becomes B. Qualitative interpretations of sameness are common in the social sciences,which (confusingly) combine individual and social identity. And the rejection of any kind of stableidentity has been expressed within Postmodernism and Buddhism.

In closing the episode, Laurance indicates that in the next episode he will defend a quantitativesense of identity when it comes to individual objects and persons, one which steers a pathbetween the extremes of crude individualism and tribal collectivism. He leaves listeners hangingwith a familiar example of the school photo (“Can you find me in the photo of my 3 rd grade class?”), and the hint of a logical distinction between words that pick out, or refer to, things(including people), and words that characterize, group, or describe those things picked out. Quantitative or strict identity focuses on the former, while qualitative identity (or similarity) getsinto trouble by focusing on the latter. He finishes with a promise to reveal how getting clearabout identity in general, and personal identity in particular, will pave the way toward resolvingsome of the social, political and moral problems confronting us today.

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