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The World and Everything In It
11.10.25 Presidential power and tariffs, New York’s experiment with socialism, and the wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald
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Good morning. Two cases at the U.S. supreme Court challenged the president's authority on tariffs.
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If this country is not allowed to have the president of the United States negotiate on behalf of it with tariffs, we're going to be a third world country.
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That's a head on legal docket. Also today, the Monday money beat America's financial capital facing a socialist mayor with a mandate and the world history book. Fifty years ago today, the gales of November remembered.
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A freighter carrying a crew of 29.
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Disappeared on Lake Superior during a severe storm last night and so far no.
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Survivors have been found.
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It's Monday, November 10th. This is the world and everything in it from listener supported World Radio. I'm Mary Reichardt.
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And I'm Nick Eicher. Good morning.
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It's time for the news now with Kent Covington.
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The federal government shutdown could soon come to an end after the Senate did something last night it has failed to do for nearly six weeks.
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On this vote, the yeas are 60 and the nays are 43 fifths of the Senate. Having voted in the affirmative, the motion upon reconsideration is agreed to.
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The Senate in a rare Sunday session, voted yes on a test vote that is the first in a series of procedural maneuvers to reopen and fund the government into late January. A group of several Democratic senators broke a stalemate and agreed to vote to advance the spending package. That does not, however, mean that the shutdown will end immediately. Final passage could still be several days away if Democrats object and delay the process. But eight Democrats on Sunday joined 52 Republicans in approving the measure. The Senate's top Democrat, however, Chuck Schumer, was not among them.
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I must vote no.
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This health care crisis is so severe.
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So devastating for families back home that I cannot in good faith support this CR.
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The funding package does not guarantee the extension of Obamacare tax credits as most Democrats have demanded, but it did come with a guarantee of a mid December vote on that matter on the Senate floor. And the shutdown continues to wreak havoc on Airport passengers. US airlines canceled well over 2,000 flights Sunday and more than 7,000 others were reportedly delayed that followed the FAA's order last week to reduce air traffic to ensure safety. Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy says each day more and more air traffic controllers are not showing up for work as they're being asked to work without a paycheck. For now, we have done all we.
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Can to make sure we minimize disruption.
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That we keep the airspace safe.
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And again, the slowdown at 40 of the nation's busiest airports is now on its fourth day and beginning to cause more widespread disruptions. Meantime, the Trump administration is telling states to roll back full snap payments for November as the shutdown continues. Several states began issuing full benefits for the program, formerly known as food stamps, after a federal court ordered the administration to find the funds. But the Supreme Court put that order on hold after the USDA argued that the money is not authorized and paying it could strain other programs. The high court's stay gives the First Circuit Court of Appeals time to revisit the case, possibly as soon as.
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The.
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Death toll from last week's crash involving a UPS cargo plane has risen once more. Louisville, Kentucky Mayor Craig Greenberg combined with.
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The individual who passed at UofL Hospital, that brings the number of victims as a result of the crash to 14. We pray that there are no more victims.
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Only three of those killed were aboard the plane. The rest were in the impact zone when the plane crashed on takeoff from Louisville's International Airport. No word yet on the cause of that crash. Federal regulators have ordered the grounding and inspection of all planes of the same model, a McDonnell Douglas MD11. Israel says Turkish troops will not be a part of any stabilization force in the post war Gaza Strip Israeli government spokeswoman Shosh Bhadrasian says the White House has been pressuring Israel to include Turkey in such a force, which would be charged with helping to keep the peace in Gaza.
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There will be no Turkish boots on the ground in the present in the future, specifically in the international stabilization force.
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She notes that Turkey has issued arrest warrants for numerous Israeli leaders, including Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. The Turkish government has accused Israeli leaders of war crimes during the war in Gaza against the Hamas terror group. Nigeria's new army chief has promised to intensify operations against terrorists in the north of that country. The announcement comes less than a week after President Trump threatened US Military action if Nigeria did not do more to stop attacks on Christians. Republican Congressman Riley Moore also had a message for the Nigerian government, help us.
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Protect the Christians in your country and we will help you. This doesn't have to be all sticks. It can also be carrots here, or we do have these kinetic military options on the table, which the president has made very clear he will consider.
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Lt. Gen. Wadi Shaibu, speaking to troops in northeastern Nigeria, emphasized that the new counterterrorism push must succeed. According to the Nigeria based group Inter Society, from January through August of this year, militants killed 7,000 Christians and kidnapped roughly 8,000 others. I'm Kent Covington and straight ahead, legal docket scanned the Monday Money beach plus remembering the wreck of Edmund Fitzgerald. This is the world and everything in it.
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It's the world and everything in it for this 10th day of November 2025. We are so glad you've joined us today. Good morning, I'm Nick Iker.
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And I'm Mary Reichard. It's time for legal docket Learning, learning.
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To build learning ones, twos and threes.
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That's an ad for a company called Learning Resources. It sells hands on experiential learning toys, a family owned business based in Chicago. But most of the company's products are manufactured overseas and imported to the U.S.
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President Trump campaigned on imposing tariffs on foreign made products. And Learning Resources had planned for a Trump victory along with a higher cost of doing business. But the company underestimated how big a bite tariffs would take. They were not prepared for this announcement from April 2nd of this year.
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My fellow Americans, this is Liberation Day. Our country and its taxpayers have been ripped off for more than 50 years. But it is not going to happen anymore. It's not going to happen.
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The president had already placed tariffs on imported goods from Mexico, Canada and China. This time he announced reciprocal tariffs starting at 10% for all countries and higher for those whose companies sell more in the US Than what they buy from.
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The US for learning Resources, the cost was too high. Last year, tariffs cost the company a manageable $2.3 million. The new tariffs would increase costs almost 50 fold to $100 million more than the value of the product itself. So the company sued, as did a.
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Wine importer called VOS Selections in New York. Twelve states joined that lawsuit. Each dispute got to the Supreme Court in different ways. And along the way, the president lost in every lower court. But no ruling stopped the tariffs, so they remain in effect. Today.
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The Supreme Court combined the cases into one and then fast tracked them for argument. Both deal with the same issue. President Trump relied on a 1977 law known by the acronym IIPA IEEPA, the International Emergency Economic Powers Act. Past Presidents have used IEEPA's powers. President Carter, for example, used it to freeze Iranian assets during the hostage crisis.
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But no president had used IEEPA for tariffs. That is, until President Trump in his second term. So the question is, does IAIPA give a president the on his own to impose tariffs?
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World correspondent Jeff Palomino covered these cases for us. Good morning, Jeff.
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Good morning.
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Well, it was a really long argument, more than two and a half hours. So what themes arose during that time?
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Several, actually. First, the text of IPA itself, it doesn't mention tariffs at all, but it does say the President can regulate importation. So one of the key themes was does the word regulate include the power to tariff?
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Once again, the meanings of words very common at the Supreme Court. What's another theme that came up?
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It's called the major questions doctrine. And that means Congress must explicitly say, yes, the President can do that when it passes laws that have major effects on our economy or political life. It can't be vague or use words that have vague meaning. The President or agencies just can't assume that they have that power unless it's there.
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Okay, so far, two things. Meaning of words and the major questions doctrine. Anything else?
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Yeah, a lot of questions from the Court about something called the non delegation doctrine. This is a long held rule that says if Congress passes a law that in some way gives its power under the Constitution to another branch, it has to do so with so called intelligible principles. And that really means that the law has to have a floor and a ceiling. And it's only with that floor and ceiling that the Supreme Court or the judicial branch really can provide meaningful checks and balances.
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All right, let's get to it. Let's hear what U.S. solicitor General John Sauer argued for the administration.
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On April 2, President Trump determined that our exploding trade deficits had brought us.
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To the bridge brink of an economic.
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And national security catastrophe. The phrase regulate importation plainly embraces tariffs, which are among the most traditional and direct methods of regulating importation.
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And the President's lawyer made a crucial distinction which was critical to the President's argument. Listen to this.
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We don't contend that what's being exercised.
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Here is the power to tax.
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It's the power to regulate foreign commerce. These are regulatory tariffs. They are not revenue raising tariffs. The fact that they raise revenue is only incidental.
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So that's a pretty sharp line. He's saying these tariffs aren't even taxes, they are outward facing and regulate imports. And IEEPA does allow the President to regulate imports subject to a declared emergency. Ergo, it's legal. So what did the Justices think of that argument, Jeff?
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I'd say that most weren't buying that argument for sure. The liberal Justices Elena Kagan, Sonia Sotomayor and Ketanji Brown Jackson, they all said that tariffs are taxes and only Congress can do that under the Constitution. But interestingly, Chief Justice John Roberts also seemed to lean that way, especially as it related to the major questions doctrine which we mentioned earlier. Here he is posing a question to Sauer.
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You have a claim source, an IPA that had never before been used to justify tariffs. But the vehicle is imposition of taxes on Americans, and that has always been.
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The core power of Congress. So to have the President's foreign affairs.
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Power trump that basic power for Congress seems to me to kind of at least neutralize between the two powers, the executive power and the legislative power.
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I caught his use of the word Trump in there. Well, what else jumped out to you during arguments on behalf of the President?
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Well, some court watchers see Justice Amy Coney Barrett as a potential swing vote in this case. So many people, including me, listened closely to all the questions she asked. When the President's lawyer Sauer argued the phrase regulate importation is rooted in history and has always included the authority to tariff. Justice Barrett asked this, and this was her first question.
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Can you point to any other place in the code or any other time.
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In history where that phrase together regulate importation has been used to confer tariff imposing authority?
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Well, here Sauer could only cite two examples. One was a lower court case, meaning not a Supreme Court case, and it's from the 70s. And Justice Barrett dismissed that case as a, quote, contested application. And then the other example was this case, IEEPA itself. So not really a strong answer there. The next observation really came with Justice Neil Gorsuch and he really grilled the government on its claim that because IEEPA involves foreign commerce, in their view, again that Congress, when it passed the law, all it was doing was simply affirming in the Constitution what was already written there and example specifically that the President has power over foreign affairs. Justice Gorsuch, I'd say, was really struggling with that and he was struggling to hear any limiting principle in it.
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So Congress as a practical matter can't get this power back once it's handed it over to the President. It's a one way ratchet toward the gradual but continual accretion of power in the executive branch and away from the people's elected representatives.
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I disagree with that.
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All right, now let's turn to the arguments for the other side, for the businesses and the states who sued to stop these tariffs.
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Well, the lawyer for the small businesses, Neil Katyala, he said that the word regulate in the statute is specific, its meaning is intended, and it specifically prohibits the President from imposing taxes or raising revenue. And that prompted Justice Samuel Alito to pose a hypothetical in this exchange with Katyal that we've edited for flo.
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Do you think all tariffs are revenue raising?
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Suppose that instead of imposing these across the board, Tariffs. Suppose that an executive order imposed a.
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Tariff on one particular country and provided that this would take effect in 90.
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Days, would that be a revenue raising tariff? I think that would.
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And look, I don't doubt that there are edge cases.
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That is what this court's confronted just recently.
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And you said, look, what is a.
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Tax is sometimes very hard.
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What is revenue raising?
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This is obviously revenue raising. Their own brief to the court says.
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It'S going to raise $4 trillion.
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Now, both lawyers for the businesses in the states conceded that the words of IIPA do allow the president to take all sorts of actions. For example, he could use the statute to put quotas on imports. But they argued that doesn't mean tariffs. Listen to this exchange between Justice Brett Kavanaugh and and lawyer for Oregon Benjamin Gutman.
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Your interpretation of the statute would allow.
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The president to shut down all trade.
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With every other country in the world or to impose some significant quota on imports from every other country in the.
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World, but would not allow a 1% tariff. And that leaves, in the government's words.
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And sprint, an odd doughnut hole in the statute. Why would a rational Congress say, yeah, we're going to give the president the.
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Power to shut down trade? I mean, think about the effects. But you're admitting that power is in there.
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Yeah, but can't do a 1% tariff. That doesn't seem to have a lot of common sense behind it. I think it absolutely does because it's.
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A fundamentally different power.
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It's not a doughnut hole. It's a different kind of pastry. And on that power, that's a good one.
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All right, Jeff, you want to make a prediction here?
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Well, you of course know that's risky, but I'll give two here first, the easiest. The court heard the case on a fast track. So I predict the court will likewise rule on a fast track. Many people think this winter, and I think that's reasonable. Now, on the question of tariffs and the ruling itself, I do think the votes appear to be there to overturn them. No doubt that tariffs have been a key negotiating tool for President Trump. But I don't think it's that debatable either that they put a strain on US Businesses and in turn, consumers. It's worthwhile to pause and consider how much power a president really should have. As lawyer Katyal for the businesses pointed out, the power given to one is a power given to all.
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It's simply implausible that in enacting ieepa, Congress handed the president the power to overhaul the entire tariff system. And the American economy in the process.
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If the government wins, another president could declare a climate emergency and impose huge tariffs without floors or ceilings, as Justice Gorsuch said. This administration would declare it a hoax.
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The next president may not quite say that.
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Well, that's where those pesky limiting principles do come in. All right, Jeff, thanks so much.
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You bet, Mary.
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And that's this week's legal docket.
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Additional support comes from Asbury University's Honor Program, where rigorous academics meet, deep thinking and spiritual growth. Asbury. Edu honors from his Words Abiding in you, a podcast where listeners memorize Bible verses in each episode. His Words Abiding in you on all podcast apps and from Cedarville University, equipping students for professional excellence and gospel impact. Cedarville. Edu World.
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Coming up next on THE WORLD and everything in it, the Monday MONEY beat.
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Time now to talk business, markets and the economy with financial analyst and advisor David Bonson. David heads up the wealth management firm the Bonson Group, and he joins us now. Good morning, David.
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Well, good morning, Nick. Good to be with you.
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Well, New York City has a new mayor elect, Zoran Mamdani. He's a self described democratic socialist. And even in a three way race for mayor, Mamdani was able to pull out a decisive win last Tuesday night. And anticipating that victory, this was just days before that election, Bloomberg carried a long feature titled New York's Golden Handcuffs. And David, you were right in the middle of it, or I guess I really should say you were right at the beginning of it. A conservative wealth manager who calls the city's taxes contemptible, yet insists he is staying put. Now with Mamdani about to take office, the issue about New York City's wealthy job creator tax base voting with their feet is not a hypothetical anymore. You've got a socialist mayor coming in with a mandate to soak the rich and test whether the city's wealthiest residents take off. Before he does that, columnist Peggy Noonan, writing in the Wall Street Journal, warns that Mamdani ought to be taken both literally and seriously. And she predicts in her column that he will start cautiously but become, in her words, an inch by inch bulldozer. So let's start at that point. David, you warned in that Bloomberg piece that a Mamdani victory could do a lot of damage in four years. And now that he's actually mayor elect, what is your biggest concern?
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Well, my biggest concern is what it means for the national picture that there is a growing embrace of younger voters around the idea of the government doing more in the economy. I wrote a piece at Fox News right after he won the nomination when I was certain he was going to be elected mayor, that this was really a indication of populism, where politicians promise a lot of things to young people who want to hear it. They're frustrated with affordability and they don't know the history of what solutions have already been proven to not work. And that my fear was right wing populism and that we can't combat left wing populism with right wing populism. And that's my biggest concern, is that we get into this game of which side believes that the government can play a bigger role in administration of the economy. And I believe, of course, in a high value of freedom to drive prosperity. And Mamdani very much does not. And so that's really my biggest concern is what it means to the overall national debate, because localized to New York City, it means a lot less. I mean, he says I want to raise taxes. He can't raise taxes. The governor's office has to do that. He says he wants to start grocery stores in New York. Well, he can't really do that now. They have a lot of regulatory power. De Blasio used a lot of regulatory power very negatively. But most of the time when mayors are bad, it's because they let crime and punishment go awry. That's the area where mayors can either do good or do bad. I expect he's going to do bad in that arena. But those that predict that this is going to bring the demise of New York City, they ought to study the history a little bit themselves.
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Well, David, what if that movement that Bloomberg hints at there, the idea of wealthy New Yorkers voting with their feet. What happens, David, when ideology meets math, when that same ideology, 1% that funds 40% of the city's income tax revenues decides to leave town? Is it that you just don't take that concern all that seriously?
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What the article points out is it's been happening for 50 years marginally. And so the tax base of New York City has changed. There have been a lot of people that have left, and then there's been a heck of a lot of new people that have come in and, you know, even going to church in New York City. Anyone who's pastored there long enough knows that one of the pastoral frustrations is you get a whole new congregation every few years. A lot of wealthy people left during COVID A lot said they were going to leave and didn't. But there is a mix and match of these Things that's been going on for a long time. A lot of big companies. You know, when I first moved to New York, Nick, it was confusing because you'd walk by and people would say, oh, there's the Exxon building. And I would say, exxon's there. They go, no, no, no, they were there back in the 60s. You know, the GM building has an Apple Apple store at the bottom of it down on Fifth Avenue by Central Park. GM hasn't been in that building since before I was born. You know, this is another thing that has to be said. The only demographic that he got over half of the vote with are people that have been in New York for less than four years. It's new people that have come to New York. And everyone who was predicting New York was dead back in 2020 and 21. And then the city has been more crowded than I've ever seen it for the last couple of years. So there's a bunch of bad things going on here. The demographics as to how young college students, a lot of people thought it were kind of more disenfranchised voters in the Bronx and in Queens of lower income and lower education that were voting for welfare benefits. That's not really the case. A lot of this is college graduates that believe Mamdani is going to go deliver this sort of socialistic paradise. That, to me is the problem. And I'm sorry, but that's not limited to New York City right now. That's not even limited to the Democrat Party.
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Well, David, last week I asked for a snap judgment on that meeting in South Korea between President Trump and President Xi of China, the one that produced what the White House called a breakthrough, what others called a pause in the trade war. And since that time you devoted your dividend cafe to that topic. Where do things stand with China? So now that you have had an additional week to think about it, David, where do things stand between the United States and China on trade? You did write that the real danger is not China beating us at industrial policy, but America imitating China. What are you seeing that makes you say that?
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Well, the idea of trying to control what can be exported and what can be imported and set prices around it, it's what we call tariffs and having these various policies, national administration of the economy of trade being run in China by the ccp, in the US by the White House, it limits economic growth. And China suffered from it for a long time. And China has sort of manipulated their way to a very export focused economy that is very limited in its domestic consumption capacity. And yet of course they export cheap goods pretty well. But then that has caused their economy to not diversify and to not grow to its natural capacity. But that was all by central planning. And I think that the US seeking to imitate industrial policy with good motives in certain places, no one could doubt that China's were deemed to be in their own national interest too, quote unquote good motives. But I don't think it works. I mean it's very obvious to me this is the number one biggest takeaway that the entire objective has nothing to do with limiting trade with China. And that is a big sigh of relief for a lot of people. But it's a big frustration for others who really believed in this idea that we needed to decouple from China. So we will be buying more rare earth minerals than ever and we will be engaged in more semiconductor trade with them than ever. It's funny that the first week we had Nick, in which this deal was done and set was the worst week for markets since all the Liberation Day, you know, hub hubbub of back in early April. Now that's not because of this deal. It's more the fact that, you know, you buy the rumor, sell the news. It's known in markets for a long time that some deal like this was coming and a lot of the big companies that were involved, the Apples and Nvidias, they had been carved out and waived and exempted this whole time anyways. But some tariffs have stuck and certainly tariffs with a lot of other countries have stuck. It's a few hundred billion dollars, but more than it was at the beginning of the year. And the vast majority of that is being paid by small business. So this isn't really a stock market story. It's a story into small and middle sized companies that are having to figure out how to deal with the tariffs. Although I do think the next 10%, if you recall, the administration put on a 20% tariff with China for fentanyl related issues. They cut that in half and indicated they're going to get rid of the other side. I think that'll be in April, so that'll provide some relief to American business as well.
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C
Well, David, before we go, we were supposed to have a jobs report last Friday to look at and analyze, but for the second month in a row we did not. And that's thanks to the longest government shutdown on record. So no official read on employment. The New York Times reports that private payroll data show a labor market that's cooled but not collapsed. It's kind of, as the Times put it, a low hire, low limbo. So David, how do you read what information we do have?
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B
Well, the Challenger Gray and Christmas report did have the highest amount of layoffs for October of any other October, not of any other month, but you know, just to do a seasonal comparison in a long, long time. So there were more layoffs in these private sector numbers. But I think you're right that the, you know, the ADP number for new hires in October ticked up a little. It's still very low, but it had been neg the month before. So yeah, all of us are relying heavily on private sector data right now because that's all we have. And it's indicating a slowing but not collapsing jobs market. But all the data, public and private had been indicating that for several months before the shutdown too. But I thought that Challenger great Christmas report of a real big pickup in layoffs was significant. And what, we'll have to kind of wait for more governmental affirmation around these things. But no, there's not a great environment for jobs right now and there's not a collapsing one. And then how that is distributed, what segments? Because on one hand you keep hearing Microsoft's laying off 10,000 and IBM's laying off 2,000 and Amazon is cutting back 7,000. But then all the data seems to indicate that most of the job layoffs are in smaller businesses. Companies with less than 50 employees are the highest percentage and companies with less than 500 are the second highest percentage of layoffs. So the data is tough to wrap our arms around. But I don't think it's great. I just don't think it's, it's yet anything close to recessionary.
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All right. David Bonson, founder, managing partner and chief investment officer of the Bonson Group. He writes@dividendcafe.com and and at World Opinions. David, hope you have a great week.
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B
Thanks so much, Nick. Good to be with you.
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Today is Monday, November 10th. Good morning. This is the world and everything in it. From listener supported World Radio, I'm Mary Reichard.
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And I'm Nick Icker. Next up, the world history book. Does anyone know where the love of God goes when the waves turn the minutes to hours?
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The church bell chimed till it rang.
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2099 times for each man on the Edmund Fitzgerald singer songwriter Gordon Lightfoot singing of the very picture of the proverbial perfect storm. A long ship loaded with 26,000 tons of iron ore facing hurricane strength winds and waves taller than a three story building leading to the Great Lakes most famous shipwreck 50 years ago.
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Today.
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Here is is World's Paul Butler.
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November 10, 1975. The National Weather Service has issued a storm warning for Lake Superior. With winds greater than 55 miles per hour, gales this strong often produce waves of 25ft or more. It's a weather pattern known regionally as the Witch of November, appearing with very little warning. When it blows in, no one wants to be caught out on the water. Just ask sailor John lufkins. During the November 10th storm, he had to rescue fishermen floundering in the sheltered Whitefish Bay in eastern Michigan.
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I've seen a lot of bad storms, but nothing like that. And the wind just came up horrifically. I mean, it's hard to describe.
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The Coast Guard tells all vessels to find safe anchorage until the storm has passed, announcing that the locks into Lake Huron have been closed. More than 40 miles to the north, the captain of the Edmund Fitzgerald is struggling to maintain his course. Captain Ernest McSorley is navigating without radar in blowing snow and rough seas. He decides to try to reach Whitefish Bay. Not far away, Captain Bernie Cooper is piloting the SS Arthur M. Anderson. It's another huge freighter, the sister ship of the Fitzgerald. It's more than 10 miles behind on the same route. Cooper checks in with McSorley by radio throughout the day and he said, I've.
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Got a little problem.
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He said, my fence rail is down. He said, I've got two vents missing.
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And I've taken a starboard list. I asked him if he had his pumps on. He said yes.
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McSorley goes on to say he's going to slow the Fitzgerald down so that Cooper can catch up, hoping they can continue on together into the harbor. About an hour later, Cooper checks back in.
- [34:05]
B
How you doing? He said, we're holding our own. That was a 710. That was the last transmission we had from him. He had no showed no signs of panic.
- [34:14]
C
I mean, he was calm.
- [34:18]
B
Like I firmly believe, I think that he thought that ship was going to get him through.
- [34:22]
F
The Edmund Fitzgerald disappears from Cooper's radar at 7:15pm no Mayday, no SOS. It's there one moment and gone the next.
- [34:31]
B
I think they were going under and they thought it was a big wave and I think they just kept going, just plunged.
- [34:38]
F
About an hour later, the Coast Guard calls for a search and rescue. The problem is the storm is still raging and no one except Cooper is anywhere close to the Canadian waters. The Coast Guard asks him to turn around and check. Time is of the Essence, no one can survive in the frigid water for more than 45 minutes.
- [34:57]
D
We have no other vessels in and that's the city right now. And we're talking now about a matter.
- [35:04]
B
Of life and death.
- [35:05]
D
They're looking for a survivor that might.
- [35:06]
B
Be in life raft or in the water.
- [35:09]
D
And we can only ask the Masters.
- [35:12]
B
To do the vest without hazarding their vessel. I'll turn around and give it a whirl, but I don't know. I'll give it a try. This is SEW Control.
- [35:21]
D
Roger. Understand. Request you do the best you can.
- [35:26]
B
And see if you could find any sign of any lights in the water or any debris or any.
- [35:33]
F
Captain Cooper makes it back to the last known location of the Fitzgerald and finds an oil slick, life jackets and wood that seems to be from a lifeboat, but nothing more.
- [35:43]
B
A freighter carrying a crew of 29.
- [35:45]
C
Disappeared on Lake Superior during a severe storm last night. And so far no survivors have been found.
- [35:50]
F
Theories of what caused the sinking of the Edmund Fitzgerald begin almost immediately. Audio here from the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.
- [35:58]
B
We don't know whether the 729 foot ore carrier, the Edmond Pilot Fitzgerald broke in half, capsized or nose dived into Lake Superior, but its disappearance last night was sudden.
- [36:07]
F
In 1977, the US Coast Guard concludes that water crashing on the deck and leaking through cracked and poorly sealed hatch covers is the most likely cause of the disaster. It's the explanation Gordon Lightfoot includes in his musical retelling of the wreck.
- [36:21]
C
At 7pm a main hatchway came in.
- [36:25]
A
He said, fellas, it's been good to know you.
- [36:31]
C
The captain wired in, he had water.
- [36:34]
B
Coming in and the good shipping crew was in peril.
- [36:38]
F
But in 1995, a Discovery documentary unveils new findings suggesting the Edmund Fitzgerald likely broke apart suddenly, sinking rapidly, leading Lightfoot to change the lyric of his famous song.
- [36:51]
D
So I, I changed the lyric there so there's no more broken hatch covers. There was a couple of mothers who were really, really happy about that. The mother, the youngest guy on there.
- [37:02]
B
Was only 21 years old, Ruth Hudson.
- [37:05]
D
I mean, she's like what, 80 years old now? It kind of made her year knowing that her kid wasn't the guy who didn't seal the hatch covers. Now that's how intricate it gets. Yeah.
- [37:16]
F
The sinking of the Edmund Fitzgerald leads to significant safety changes for all ships on the Great Lakes, including mandatory immersion suits to protect crews, extreme cold water, a depth sounder for a constant readout of just how much water is below the ship, and improved construction techniques. For the large ships often caught by the gales of November.
- [37:41]
C
With family members looking on from a short distance, they certainly were.
- [37:46]
F
The bell from the Edmund Fitzgerald was recovered on July 4, 1995. It is now on purpose, permanent display at the Great Lakes Shipwreck Museum on Whitefish Point. Later today, It'll be tolled 30 times, once for each of the 29 crew members who lost their life and an additional time for the estimated 30,000 Mariners lost on the Great Lakes over the last 300 years. That's this week's World History Book. I'm Paul Butler.
- [38:28]
A
Tomorrow, the EU and the US Are storing the biometric data of travelers. We have a report on the privacy concerns and a Pennsylvania airport's novel solution to an air traffic control problem that has nothing to do with the government shutdown. That and more tomorrow. I'm Mary Reichardt.
- [38:46]
C
And I'm Nick Eichard. The world and everything in it comes to you from World Radio. World's mission is biblically objective journalism that informs, educates and inspires. The Bible says, blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of mercies and God of all comfort, who comforts us in all our affliction, so that we may be able to comfort those who are in any affliction with the comfort with which we ourselves are comforted by God. For as we share abundantly in Christ's suffering, so through Christ, we share abundantly in comfort, too. Verses 3, 4 and 5 of 2 Corinthians, chapter 1. Go now in grace and peace.