198. Pause and Effect: Mastering In-the-Moment Communication (2 of 3)

Summary

Episode Summary: Think Fast Talk Smart – "Pause and Effect: Mastering In-the-Moment Communication (2 of 3)"

Release Date: April 17, 2025
Podcast: Think Fast Talk Smart: Communication Techniques
Host: Matt Abrahams

In the second installment of the three-part miniseries on spontaneous speaking, Matt Abrahams delves deeper into the art of in-the-moment communication. Building upon the foundation of preparation discussed in the first episode, this episode, titled "Pause and Effect: Mastering In-the-Moment Communication," features insights from seasoned professionals who excel in environments that demand quick, effective communication.

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1. Embracing Presence and Adaptability

Guest: Peter Sagal – Host of NPR’s Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!

Peter Sagal shares his extensive experience managing impromptu moments on his long-running radio show. He emphasizes the delicate balance between preparation and spontaneous adaptation.

• Key Insights:
  • Script Flexibility: While scripts are meticulously crafted, the essence of the show relies on real-time interactions. Sagal states, “[...] you have to be ready at any minute to throw it out” (04:46).
  • Presence: Drawing inspiration from Ram Dass, Sagal underscores the importance of being "here now," staying attuned to the unfolding conversation to guide it effectively (05:16).

Notable Quote:

“You have to be present. I think that is the key to anything... being attuned to the possibilities of what the future may hold” — Peter Sagal (05:16)

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2. The Power of Active Listening

Guest: Chris Voss – Former FBI Negotiator

Chris Voss breaks down two pivotal techniques—mirroring and labeling—that enhance active listening and engagement.

• Mirroring: Repeating the last few words of the speaker to encourage deeper explanation without appearing confrontational.

  • Example: Voss explains, “Mirroring is repeating generally the last 1 to 3ish words...” (10:28)

• Labeling: Identifying and verbalizing the speaker’s emotions or dynamics to foster empathy and understanding.

  • Example: “The label is just slapping a label on the dynamic or the emotion...” (11:11)

• Tonality: Voss compares tone to the rifling of a bullet, asserting that how something is said directs its impact.

  • Quote: “Tonality is effectively the spin” — Chris Voss (12:25)

Notable Quote:

“Everyone's got the voice in their head saying, 'You should listen five times as much as you talk.'” — Chris Voss (06:00)

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3. Communicating Across Cultures

Guest: Phyllis Cow – Sotheby’s Auctioneer

Phyllis Cow discusses the nuances of engaging a diverse, multicultural audience, highlighting the significance of enunciation and nonverbal communication.

• Enunciation: Clear speech is crucial, especially when addressing non-native speakers. Cow notes, “Enunciation makes such a world of difference to them” (08:05).

• Nonverbal Cues: Body language, facial expressions, and gestures often convey more than words, facilitating better understanding across language barriers.

  • Quote: “Body language, gesturing, context, facial expressions can say 90 percent of what you need to convey” — Phyllis Cow (08:05)

Notable Quote:

“If you are mindful of the enunciation, the body posturing, and movements, that can really serve to help me get my point across.” — Phyllis Cow (09:23)

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4. The Art of Active Listening in High-Stakes Situations

Guest: Brad Rogers – NFL Referee

Brad Rogers shares his approach to maintaining clarity and objectivity in fast-paced, high-pressure environments through active listening.

• Avoiding Assumptions: Rogers warns against jumping to conclusions based on preconceived notions, advocating for an open and clear mind.

  • Example: “I have to keep my brain clear and my ears clear so that I know what they're going to say” (22:18)

• Listening to Understand: Emphasizes listening to comprehend rather than to respond, ensuring accurate and fair decision-making.

  • Quote: “Listening to understand versus listening to respond are polar opposites” — Brad Rogers (23:09)

Notable Quote:

“If you start to respond in a patterned way with what you think has happened rather than what has really happened, you eliminate your ability to respond to what's really going on.” — Brad Rogers (23:32)

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5. Practical Case Studies: Introductions and Gracious Conversations

Case Study 1: Mastering Introductions with Peter Sagal

Peter Sagal illustrates effective introduction techniques, focusing on enhancing the audience's experience rather than merely praising the individual being introduced.

• Audience-Centric Approach: Shift the focus from making the person feel good to making the audience feel privileged to engage with them.
  • Quote: “You should think about making the audience happy... you guys are so lucky because I've got this person for you.” — Peter Sagal (17:14)

Case Study 2: Being Gracious in Conversation

Sagal further explores the balance between showing appreciation and maintaining genuine interest without overshadowing the other person.

• Genuine Interest: Instead of performing or over-praising, engage by asking meaningful questions that reflect true curiosity.
  • Example: “Ask them about their work or their art to show genuine interest” — Peter Sagal (19:17)

Notable Quote:

“The best way to be gracious is to turn the attention as much as you possibly can to them.” — Peter Sagal (19:10)

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6. Actionable Takeaways and Homework

Matt Abrahams wraps up the episode by encouraging listeners to practice the discussed techniques. He introduces an exercise featuring insights from Brad Rogers, emphasizing the importance of active listening and present-moment awareness.

• Homework Exercise: Apply active listening in daily conversations by focusing fully on the speaker without planning your response. Practice mirroring and labeling to enhance understanding and engagement.

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Conclusion and Next Steps

As the episode concludes, Matt Abrahams teases the final part of the miniseries, which will explore how to handle communication mishaps and transform them into opportunities for connection and growth. He invites listeners to subscribe and engage with additional resources available at fastersmarter.io.

Final Thoughts: This episode serves as a comprehensive guide to honing in-the-moment communication skills, offering practical strategies from experts across various high-pressure fields. By embracing presence, active listening, and effective nonverbal communication, listeners can elevate their ability to respond thoughtfully and confidently in any situation.

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Notable Quotes with Timestamps:

• “You have to be present... being attuned to the possibilities of what the future may hold” — Peter Sagal (05:16)
• “Everyone's got the voice in their head saying, 'You should listen five times as much as you talk.'” — Chris Voss (06:00)
• “If you are mindful of the enunciation, the body posturing, and movements, that can really serve to help me get my point across.” — Phyllis Cow (09:23)
• “Listening to understand versus listening to respond are polar opposites” — Brad Rogers (23:09)
• “The best way to be gracious is to turn the attention as much as you possibly can to them.” — Peter Sagal (19:10)

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Enhance your communication prowess by integrating these expert-backed techniques. Stay tuned for the concluding episode, where further mastery of spontaneous speaking awaits.

Transcript

[Unknown Host]

This episode was brought to you by Stanford University. Over the years, we've shared advice from my Stanford colleagues on how to be more confident and compelling in your communication. You might remember Kelly McGonigal sharing ways to harness your anxiety to help you feel empowered. Stanford faculty contribute to the world in many other ways. I was really impressed by Stanford Medicine's Michelle Monje and Crystal Makal, who led a clinical trial that could revolutionize the treatment of a lethal and incurable pediatric cancer that attacks children's brains, veins and spinal cords. Michelle and Crystal's team reprogrammed the sick kids immune systems to fight the tumors. This improved their symptoms and shrank the tumors for most patients. Exciting breakthroughs like these seem to happen every day at Stanford. To stay up to date on the next great discovery, sign up for Stanford Report at connect Stanford.

[Matt Abrahams]

Edu.

[Unknown Speaker]

When you're nervous, I think you feel like everyone's watching you. I have to rush. This is so embarrassing, but time is moving slower than you think. If you need a moment to think, just take a beat.

[Matt Abrahams]

I'm Matt Abrahams and I teach Strategic Communication at Stanford Graduate School of Business. Welcome to Think Fast Talk Smart, the podcast Being put on the spot in needing to respond is incredibly challenging and nerve wracking. If you think about it though, most of our communication is just like this. It's spontane. Answering questions, making small talk, giving feedback, fixing our mistakes. Yet most of us have never learned how to speak in these impromptu situations. We created this three part miniseries to help you strengthen your spontaneous speaking muscles. Your coaching team is made up of people whose jobs require them to speak on the spot every day. To do this stuff for a living. Everything from a game show host to a Sotheby's auctioneer to a UN translator. In our first episode, we covered the importance of preparation and how it can help you get into the right headspace. Just like how an athlete practices drills before a match, but any athlete will tell you when it comes down to game time. You have to be ready in the moment to adapt to what unfolds. And that's what this episode is all about. We'll be hearing from some coaches you've met before and introducing you to a couple of new ones. Before we get started, I wanted to thank all of you for listening and supporting Think Fast, Talk Smart. We know the content means so much to so many of you. We see it in your LinkedIn, Instagram and YouTube posts. It takes a lot of work to bring the show to you and I invite you to consider joining Think Fast Talk Smart Premium. To help us continue creating useful content and to reach more listeners, check out Faster Smarter IO Premium. Agility is key, and the question is, how do we perform well when under pressure to speak up in the moment? The answer to that question comes from our first coach.

[Unknown Speaker]

Clearly some of what you do is planned and scripted, but a fair amount.

[Matt Abrahams]

Happens in the moment.

[Unknown Speaker]

Can you share a story of a time where you had to adjust your communication in real time?

[Peter Sagal]

Well, it's not so much I can share a moment. I can share any given show that we do. Planning for a and instead X happening is not only a common occurrence, it's essentially my job.

[Matt Abrahams]

Wait, wait. If you're listening and thinking, hold on, I know that voice, you're probably not imagining it. It's Peter Sagal, who has been the quick witted host of NPR's weekly news quiz show. Wait, wait, don't tell me. For over 25 years. He's the guy who makes the news fun, and as you're about to hear, he knows a thing or two about staying sharp in the moment.

[Peter Sagal]

Our show is unique in a few ways. First of all, we're an ensemble show. I'm a guy on stage with other people, three panelists, one judge and scorekeeper, sometimes a special guest, and we're all talking together. And what that means is at any moment, any one of those people could derail what I'm out to do, right? We do write a script. I have very talented colleagues with whom I research and write and rewrite a script. But what makes my show different is we then take that script and I have to be ready at any minute to throw it out. In fact, one of the things that we see as a failure on our show is if I were to do all the jokes written in front of me and the panelists don't really chime in because we're very fond of the jokes. We wrote them, we worked on them. But if it's just me talking, then it's not our show. Our show is a conversation.

[Unknown Speaker]

The thing that you said there that I think is so important for others who find themselves in situations where they have to respond is that preparation is key. But being willing to let go of that preparation and follow what's happening and needed in the moment is really important. And in fact, you optimize and that's how you're defining success. I find it interesting that you feel you wouldn't be successful if you actually got through the script. And that's an important mindset and approach that I Think many people can adapt?

[Peter Sagal]

Yeah, you have to be present. I think that is the key to anything, like what I do for a living, is to constantly work on, as Ram Dass told us, being here now and being attuned to what's happening, being attuned to the possibilities of what the future may hold, where this could go, steering it toward the choice that you prefer, you know?

[Matt Abrahams]

So we know that being present enough to adapt in the moment is critical to being a good, spontaneous speaker. But that skill is more complicated than it sounds. It requires both reading the room and reacting to others in real time. Let's have one of our previous coaches, FBI negotiator Chris Voss, break down that first part.

[Chris Voss]

Everybody's got the voice in their head, probably from their mom, going, you got two ears and one mouth. You should listen twice as much as you talk. Well, it's really 5x because you got two eyes, got to gather data with your eyes, and you got to actually pay attention to what you're seeing. This really smart guy, extremely successful entrepreneur that I'm coaching now in negotiations, he's telling me the other day, he says, as soon as I start saying, I know how you feel, I can see people shutting down. So what does that mean? Even when you're talking, you got to be paying attention to what the impact is on the other side. That seems a little overwhelming when you first start doing it. But then when you start discovering things, it's delightful. So you got to be careful about the prescriptions. Listen five times as much as you talk. That doesn't mean you're sitting there with your mouth shut. You know, you got to be listening with your eyes. You got to be pulling in information. You got to be seeing the world in color instead of black and white.

[Unknown Speaker]

And it's really about the understanding that what you are saying or not saying.

[Matt Abrahams]

Has an impact in that moment on what's going on. In the same way that we can listen with more than just our ears, we can also communicate with more than just our words. Our next coach explains why that can make all the difference when speaking to an audience who comes from a very diverse array of backgrounds, something she does on a daily basis of her work.

[Unknown Speaker]

Eight five with Cassandra Hatton at 8,500,000. It's not yours, Charlotte. It's back with Cassandra at 8,500,000. Don't bring a knife to a gunfight. Cassandra. 8,700,000. At $8,700,000.

[Matt Abrahams]

Now, Phyllis Cow is a Sotheby's auctioneer. Who knows how to engage a room full of people from all around the world. Here's how she does it.

[Unknown Speaker]

You often work with people from a variety of different cultures.

[Matt Abrahams]

Any thoughts on how to communicate clearly.

[Unknown Speaker]

When language and experiences differ among those you're interacting and communicating with?

Yeah, story of my life, really. I grew up, you know, multicultural and lots of different languages swirling around me at times. I find through all of that, I have noticed that I'm a very careful listener, and I really value enunciation. And I think, let's say you're speaking English and you're speaking to a myriad of people with different cultural backgrounds. If English is their second or third language, enunciation makes such a world of difference to them. I feel like a lot of people don't. Don't realize that that can be so, so helpful to a big crowd of people that come from different backgrounds if you can be sensitive to that. If we're truly, literally not speaking the same language, I find that body language, gesturing, context, facial expressions can say 90 percent of what you need to say or what you need to convey. And I think what a lot of people go to, you know, a new country, foreign country, and they don't speak the language, you can infer a lot, you can guess a lot just through those elements.

So what has been helpful to you is to really focus on some of these nonverbal cues and clues. How we say the words, we say what we do with our body, and our posturing can really help.

[Matt Abrahams]

So as a speaker, to those who.

[Unknown Speaker]

Are not native in the language I'm speaking, if I am mindful of the enunciation, the body posturing, and movements, that can really serve to help me get my point across. And it's certainly not surprising that somebody who does what you do for a living would be focused on those elements. And clearly, you do a very nice job of it. Just based on our interaction, now that.

[Matt Abrahams]

We'Ve explored the complex ways we take in and convey information, let's talk about how to put those skills into practice to truly connect with the audience as we're speaking with them. To show us how former FBI negotiator Chris Voss breaks down two powerful techniques, mirroring and labeling. I'd like to get into, if you.

[Unknown Speaker]

Don'T mind sharing some more detail about two specific skills that you mentioned earlier. You mentioned labeling, and you mentioned mirroring. Would you mind taking a moment to just share what each of those skills are and the value they bring to you in the work that you do?

[Chris Voss]

The value of brain.

[Unknown Speaker]

Yeah, the value of labeling and of Mirroring, Right.

[Chris Voss]

So I just married you.

[Unknown Speaker]

Oh, there you go.

[Chris Voss]

And. Well, because it feels natural, right, to hear it. Mirroring is repeating generally the last 1 to 3ish words of what somebody has said or selected 1 to 3ish words. It could be one word, it really shouldn't be more than five. And it's just repeating them word for word. The other side, what they hear is, oh, okay, he got what I wanted to say, but he needs a fuller explanation. It's actually much more effective than saying to somebody, what did you mean by that? Because if you say to me, what did you mean by that? I'm going to repeat what I said before. Exactly, only louder. As if you were hard of hearing.

[Matt Abrahams]

Right.

[Chris Voss]

And what you really needed was, I need you to go deeper, reword, expand, add to your thoughts. And when people first start using this, it feels so awkward. You'll get used to it by practicing. And it's incredibly effective because I just got to say three words. The other side will talk for 10 minutes. But I know some people, that's the only thing they do because they want the data, they want the information. Now the label is just slapping a label on the dynamic or the emotion. It's an observation. It's a verbal observation of an emotion or a dynamic or, or a hidden dynamic. And the important thing about a label is it's got to be a dynamic the other side introduces.

[Unknown Speaker]

So in both cases of mirroring and.

[Matt Abrahams]

Labeling, you're doing a reflection.

[Unknown Speaker]

Sometimes it's literally the words they say, but other times it's putting a word and reflecting what they said. What's interesting to me is how important the way in which you say your mirror or label plays out in it. So it's not just the words, it's the way you say those words.

[Matt Abrahams]

So that combination of non verbal presence and the verbal presence matter in this.

[Chris Voss]

Yeah, you're feeding back the dynamic. And so tone is like the rifling on a bullet. Now a bullet comes out of a barrel and there are things inside of the barrel of a gun, whether it be a rifle or whether it be a handgun called lands and grooves that actually spin the bullet so that when it comes out, it goes in a straight line. It's the same thing as when you throw a baseball, you spin the ball. A baseball pitch with no spin is called a knuckle ball. And that thing goes all over the place and nobody knows where the hell it's going to land.

[Matt Abrahams]

Right.

[Chris Voss]

And so that's the same reason they put spin on bullets. So they hit the target. And so for your words to hit the target, tonality is effectively the spin.

[Matt Abrahams]

Just as tone gives our words direction, Phyllis tells us how the speed at which we speak can add its own kind of spin, shaping urgency, energy, and engagement.

[Unknown Speaker]

I think 90% of the time when I tell someone, especially in the US that I am an auctioneer, they say, oh, do you speak really quickly? Can you talk really fast? For fine art, we do not speak that quickly. I can speak pretty quickly, but I'm not required to. In most instances, we actually want to give a bit of time, but we do use our speech and our speed in speaking and our speed in. In facilitating the auction to create and to maintain and control pressure and drama and that kind of energy to spur someone to act now. You know, to act now or forever hold your peace. We want to create those kinds of intense moments because that, of course, encourages people to bid.

So you're using your speaking rate and intensity to draw people in and create a sense of urgency. And I think all of us can be looking for those cues and clues. While those listening into our conversation likely won't be doing high stakes auctioneering, they might be in situations where they are under pressure in the moment to respond. What advice would you give people to become better speakers in the moment?

One thing that is rarely mentioned is taking your time. If you feel nervous, if you're stumped on the spot, you always have time. Just take a moment, find the real answer. I am someone who's against filling the silence with filler noise or with filler words. I like a statement that ends, and I'm not afraid of a beat of silence rather than, you know, ums and ahs and. And these sentences that trail off into nowhere. If you need a moment to think, just take the moment. You know, when you're nervous, I think you feel like everyone's watching you. I have to rush. This is so embarrassing. But time is moving slower than you think. Just take a beat. And if you can fill that beat with some movement, a smile, some eye contact, it will help you.

I love that the advice is about slowing down and using your full body to communicate. So gesturing, not being static, not filling the space, and allowing for the pauses to sit really can help.

I think when people are nervous and they feel like they just have to keep talking and filling the silence, they often veer into saying something that they regret later.

You know, I know in my life that's very true.

Silence is preferable to that.

[Matt Abrahams]

For Chris, slowing down also gives you the time to Connect more deeply with the person you're talking to and be more present in the moment.

[Chris Voss]

You know, if you just take your time, I mean, there's, there's, there's so much of an advantage why you're speaking, to slow down a little, you know, let the moment play out. If you slow down, to be more connected with somebody in the moment, to hear them, to make them feel heard, to actually analyze what you're hearing, you give yourself time to analyze in the moment and think you're going to be a much better communicator.

[Matt Abrahams]

When I'm teaching my students, we'll often look at case studies to better understand and apply the skills we're learning. So here's our first case study for you. One of the most common real world situations where people have to think on their feet is introducing someone, whether in a meeting, during a presentation, or even a casual conversation. To learn how, we turn back to our coach who has spent countless hours perfecting the art of introductions. Here's Peter Sagal.

[Unknown Speaker]

You do a lot of introducing on the show. To your mind, what makes a good introduction?

[Peter Sagal]

So I do do it a lot. You're right. Every week I do at least four introductions. I introduce a panel right to the audience, both the live audience and then on the radio. I introduce Bill Curtis again to the live audience and on the radio. And then I introduce our special guest often. I'll do that twice, too. Here's the secret. People think that the focus of an introduction should be the person you're introducing. I want to make this person feel good. I want to say that this person has all these important qualities. If you asked me to introduce my friend in a meeting, I'd think, okay, how can I make my friend happy? But here's the trick. You shouldn't think about making your friend happy. You should think about making the audience happy. So in other words, you guys are so lucky because I've got this person, this person for you. That's the internal intent, right? And that affects everything in terms of the words I choose to introduce them, how I choose to describe them, but even more importantly, my attitude. And not only lets the audience know that this is a privilege, this is a present. They get to see this person just based on my attitude, but it also lets the person I'm introducing know what I think of them.

[Unknown Speaker]

I really like that you're introducing not just the person, but the experience that you want the others to have of that person and the way in which you focus your attention not on the person, but on Those you are introducing them to help you make that experience possible.

[Matt Abrahams]

But introductions are just the first step. Once you've set the stage, the real challenge is how you engage with somebody in conversation, especially when you admire them. How do you show appreciation without making it about yourself? How do you make the moment feel special for them, not just for you? To explore that, we're diving into another case study with Peter, this time about the art of being gracious in conversation.

[Peter Sagal]

There is an absolute human verge when you're with somebody to think that the way to make them happy is to perform for them, to give them things which usually, and this is particularly true of men. Men. To offer your own thoughts and your own perspectives. Sometimes you think to yourself, well, I'm going to make this person happy by explaining to them at length exactly how much I appreciate their work. I understand the urge. You can tell yourself, well, what I'm doing is I'm telling this person that I understand how great they are and specifically why. But then this is where you get into trouble. What you're really trying to do is show the person that you're special, that they should like you just as much as you like them. That's not a gift, even if you think it is, because what you're showing them is how much you appreciate them. What is a gift is to let them express themselves. What is a gift? To show that interest in them by being genuinely interested in what they have to say about this, that, or the other thing. And if you happen to be talking to an artist, be attuned and understanding enough about their art that you can take that understanding about their art, and instead of mentioning it just to show that you noticed it, ask them about it. So, for example, I noticed that, you know, when you're playing this role, you have a tendency to do X that struck me as really smart. Where did that come from? The best way to be gracious is to turn the attention as much as you possibly can to them.

[Matt Abrahams]

Okay, so our coaches have shared some advice and taught you some skills. Now it's your turn to take this advice and put it into action. At the end of each of these miniseries episodes, we'll be giving you some homework, a couple of ways you can try to implement what you've learned in your real life. For this exercise, we're bringing back Brad Rogers, an NFL referee who is also.

[Unknown Speaker]

One of our coaches from the first.

[Matt Abrahams]

Episode in the miniseries. If you haven't yet listened, we encourage you to go back and check it out. In it, we hear from Brad and A few other of our incredible coaches on how we can prepare to speak spontaneously. But when it comes time to finally talk on the spot, there's a crucial skill Brad practices to stay sharp and present.

[Brad Rogers]

I think one of the things that is the most important part is the active listening portion. I find it easy to let my mind at times jump to an assumption of what the foul might be on the field. And I'll give you an example. If my back judge who's back with the defense, if they throw a flag, most of the time the high probability is there's defensive pass interference. And although the percentages may be high and my mind starts going, hey, they've probably got pass interference. I need to slow down and let my mind stay clear. Because they may come in with offensive pass interference, they might come in with illegal contact, defensive holding. There's a several other things that that could possibly be. So I don't want to cloud my active listening by what I assume it could be. I have to keep my brain clear and my ears clear so that I know what they're going to say. So I'm not enforcing something that isn't about to happen. You could start to go down a path of not listening and you start to think how I'm going to enforce a foul that never happened. So listening to understand versus listening to respond versus are polar opposites of one another. And active listening is something that I work on every day. And it's to listen, not be prepared for a response, but be prepared to know what I will say next. Once I hear all the information, I.

[Unknown Speaker]

Just want to point out to our listeners something that I find fascinating. Brad, who is a professional referee whose job is to speak and declare rules and violations of rules, says that one of the most important things we all need to work on is listening. Listening plays a critical role. And the reason why, and I think.

[Matt Abrahams]

You'Re exactly right, is when we begin.

[Unknown Speaker]

To respond in a patterned way with.

[Matt Abrahams]

What we think has happened rather than.

[Unknown Speaker]

What has really happened, we eliminate and reduce our ability to respond what's really happening in the moment. And I really appreciate you highlighting that.

[Matt Abrahams]

So there you have it. The best advice from our team of coaches on how to adapt in the moment to what's unfolding around you. In the final episode of our mini series, our coaches will share what happens when things go wrong and how to make those moments into gold. Thank you for joining us for our second episode of three in our spontaneous speaking miniseries. To continue learning more on how you you can become a better spontaneous speaker Please tune in to our final episode which will feature more exciting coaches and all their tips and tricks. This episode was produced by Aru Nayer and me, Matt Abrahams. Our music is from Floyd Wonder with special thanks to Podium podcast company. Please find us on YouTube and wherever you get your podcasts. Be sure to subscribe and rate us. Also follow us on LinkedIn and Instagram and check out fastersmarterio for deep dive videos, English language learning content and our newsletter. Please consider our Premium offering for extended Deep Thinks episodes. Ask Matt Anythings and more at fastersmarter IO Premium.