Throughline – “Throughline Sleeps”
Episode Date: September 30, 2025
Hosts: Rund Abdelfatah & Ramtin Arablouei

Episode Overview

In this episode, “Throughline Sleeps,” hosts Rund Abdelfatah and Ramtin Arablouei explore the history, science, and cultural perceptions of sleep. They dive into how our understanding of sleep has evolved, the societal norms around sleep across time, and what sleep reveals about power, privilege, and productivity. Using stories, archival audio, and expert interviews, the episode weaves a narrative that uncovers sleep’s forgotten history and its connection to societal change.

Key Discussion Points & Insights

1. The Forgotten History of Sleep

• Biphasic Sleep in History
  The hosts delve into how, for a large portion of history, humans didn’t sleep in one continuous chunk:

  • In pre-industrial times, it was common for most people to sleep in two phases, with a period of wakefulness in-between.
  • Quote:

    “People would go to sleep shortly after sundown, wake up for an hour or two in the middle of the night—talk, eat, even visit neighbors—and then turn in again for a ‘second sleep.’” (Rund Abdelfatah, 05:04)

• Changing Sleep Patterns with Industrialization
  The episode explains how the Industrial Revolution standardized the concept of a single, uninterrupted night’s sleep.

  • Demands of factory work and artificial lighting shifted sleep into a consolidated 7-8 hour block.

2. Cultural Perceptions & Power Dynamics Around Sleep

• Sleep as a Moral Issue

  • Sleep deprivation, especially in Western cultures, became linked to productivity and even morality; “the early bird gets the worm.”
  • Quote:

    “At some point, sleep stopped being a necessity and started being seen as a sign of laziness.” (Ramtin Arablouei, 12:40)

• Who Gets to Sleep?

  • The hosts discuss discrepancies in who has access to healthy, restful sleep.
  • Workers, parents, people of color, and marginalized communities frequently face sleep inequity due to work schedules, discrimination, or unsafe environments.
  • Quote:

    “Your zip code can be a predictor of how well and how long you sleep. That’s not biology—it’s society.” (Guest sleep researcher, Dr. Alicia Hernandez, 17:22)

3. Science & Myths of Sleep

• What Sleep Does for Us

  • The episode brings in neuroscientific explanations about why humans need sleep—including memory consolidation, emotional regulation, and physical health.
  • Misconceptions about being able to “catch up” on sleep are debunked.

• Modern Approaches: Sleep Technology & Hacks

  • The hosts discuss the rise of sleep apps, wearables, and “sleep hygiene,” framing them as both helpful and a reflection of our anxiety about rest.
  • Quote:

    “There’s a whole industry built around selling us sleep—while the structures of our society make it harder and harder to get.” (Rund Abdelfatah, 25:03)

4. Sleep as Resistance

• Dreams and Rebellion
  • Sleep is reframed as a radical act in a non-stop world.
  • The episode touches on historical movements that have leveraged rest as a form of resistance—from Black freedom movements in the US to current-day advocacy that promotes “rest as reparations.”
  • Quote:

    “When rest is denied, reclaiming it can become a kind of protest.” (Ramtin Arablouei, 32:17)

Notable Quotes & Memorable Moments

• “People would go to sleep shortly after sundown, wake up for an hour or two in the middle of the night—talk, eat, even visit neighbors—and then turn in again for a ‘second sleep.’”

  • Rund Abdelfatah, 05:04

• “At some point, sleep stopped being a necessity and started being seen as a sign of laziness.”

  • Ramtin Arablouei, 12:40

• “Your zip code can be a predictor of how well and how long you sleep. That’s not biology—it’s society.”

  • Dr. Alicia Hernandez, guest, 17:22

• “There’s a whole industry built around selling us sleep—while the structures of our society make it harder and harder to get.”

  • Rund Abdelfatah, 25:03

• “When rest is denied, reclaiming it can become a kind of protest.”

  • Ramtin Arablouei, 32:17

Timestamps for Key Segments

• 05:04 – History of biphasic sleep and cultural references
• 12:40 – Sleep, productivity, and changing morals
• 17:22 – Social determinants of sleep (with Dr. Alicia Hernandez)
• 25:03 – The economics and anxiety of the modern sleep industry
• 32:17 – Sleep as resistance; movements reframing rest as liberation

Summary

“Throughline Sleeps” stitches together the forgotten history of sleep, social inequalities in rest, scientifically-backed realities, and contemporary anxieties and solutions. Listeners are left with a deeper appreciation for sleep as not just a biological necessity but a lens through which to understand power, privilege, and protest in modern society.

The tone throughout is inquisitive and accessible, blending personal reflection, expert voices, and rich historical stories to make the journey both enlightening and thought-provoking.