
An attack on the home of OpenAI’s CEO Sam Altman – and on the company’s headquarters – has led to concerns the backlash against AI could become violent. Guardian journalist Nick Robins-Early and researcher Sean Fleming discuss
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Annie Kelly
This is the Guardian.
Host/Interviewer
Today.
Annie Kelly
Could the backlash against AI turn violent?
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Annie Kelly
It happened in the early hours of the morning a couple of Fridays ago.
Nick Robins-Early
Surveillance footage shows him in a champion hoodie walking up towards the gate of this mansion holding a Molotov cocktail in one hand. And then he proceeds to hurl the Molotov cocktail at the house and flee.
Annie Kelly
The house was in the exclusive Russian Hill neighborhood of San Francisco. It belonged to Sam Altman, the chief executive of OpenAI. And the attacker wasn't done there.
Nick Robins-Early
About an hour and a half later, he shows up three miles away at the headquarters of OpenAI, the artificial intelligence company that Sam Altman is the CEO of, and he attempts to break into the entrance with a metal chair. Security comes out and confronts him and according to the criminal complaint, he says that he's going to burn down OpenAI and anybody who's inside it. San Francisco police arrest him and find a jug of kerosene and a lighter and what appears to be an anti AI manifesto in which he has a list of CEOs and investors who he is planning to potentially kill and a letter that includes a mention of Sam Altman and is directly addressed to the CEO and says, if you should survive this attack, then take it as a sign of divine intervention to change your ways.
Annie Kelly
The attack marks the first time that the head of a major AI company has faced a threat to his safety. 20 year old Daniel Moreno Gama has now been charged with attempted double homicide and authorities say they intend to prosecute him to the fullest extent of the law. And for now, there is relief that no one was hurt. But it comes at a time when fears about artificial intelligence and its impact on jobs, power and society are growing. From the Guardian, I'm Annie Kelly, Today in Focus. Is this an isolated incident or a sign of something more dangerous to come? Nick robins, early, you are a journalist
Host/Interviewer
based in New York and you report
Annie Kelly
on extremism, disinformation and tech.
Host/Interviewer
Welcome to TODAY in Focus.
Annie Kelly
Thanks for joining us.
Nick Robins-Early
Thanks for having me.
Annie Kelly
Daniel Moreno Gamma, the man who allegedly
Host/Interviewer
attacked Sam Altman's home. Could you tell us who is Daniel
Annie Kelly
Moreno Gamma and what do we know
Host/Interviewer
about why he did this?
Nick Robins-Early
Well, from what we know, he is a 20 year old who grew up in Spring, Texas, which is a suburb of Houston. And until recently, he appeared to be just a college student who was attending community college. He worked at a restaurant and he had, before this attack, been leaving quite a large digital footprint posting anti artificial intelligence sentiment. In one post, he called for luigi ing some CEOs in a reference to Luigi Mangione, the suspect who is accused of killing the United Healthcare CEO. He also went by the username Butlerian Jihadist, which is a reference to the Dune series of sci fi novels in which there's a human uprising against hyper intelligent machines. He also posted a few times on forums like Pause AI and Stop AI, these sort of activist groups who have condemned his actions and are nonviolent groups, but are dedicated towards preventing AI from being developed. And Moreno Gamma's online writings actually caught the eye of this podcast that was looking to interview people who were radically opposed to AI. And they interviewed him and they've released sections of that interview.
Interviewer (Podcast)
All right, well, let's just. Let's just start here. I'm going to call you Discord Dan. Are you okay with that?
Daniel Moreno Gamma
Yeah, that's great.
Nick Robins-Early
They ask him about his posts and they ask him about whether he thinks violence is warranted against CEOs and against the AI industry. And he kind of balks at that. And he says, no, that was just online posturing. And they even ask him directly, do you think it would be good if someone were to kill Sam Altman?
Interviewer (Podcast)
So you don't really think it would be wise for someone to, let's say, kill Sam Altman?
Daniel Moreno Gamma
No.
Nick Robins-Early
He hesitates for a second and then he says, no, that would be bad. It wouldn't do anything. It's just not worth it.
Daniel Moreno Gamma
I would normally only advocate for violence as the absolute final. I don't want to say final solution, but you know, the final, you know, final. Okay, you get what I'm saying? Okay.
Host/Interviewer
What have we heard from either Moreno Gamma or his family since this incident?
Nick Robins-Early
Moreno Gamma himself hasn't said anything. His parents have issued a statement. They believe he had been suffering some mental health issues. He had no criminal record prior to this. They described him as a caring, loving person who would not want to do this while he was in his right mind.
Annie Kelly
And tell us what's he been charged
Host/Interviewer
with and what have the federal authorities said so far about this incident?
Nick Robins-Early
He is being charged with a range of crimes from state and federal authorities, including attempted arson and attempted murder. It seems like a mix of things. There's what the authorities say that has happened, which is that he has driven from Texas to plan this attack and he's walking up with a very deliberate purpose to burn down Altman's house and burn down OpenAI. Federal authorities have been quite harsh on this. They have said that if it's proven that he intended to carry out this for political reasons, they would treat it as domestic terrorism. They're going to pursue this with the full extent of the law. He's currently set for an arraignment hearing on 5 May. What will happen there is that there will be formally charges introduced and then things will progress from there and we'll see what kind of defense his attorney launches. So far they have said that he was suffering a mental health crisis. He did not intend to create harm.
Public Defender
What's becoming clear is that Daniel's actions appear to have been driven by an acute mental health crisis and that these
Nick Robins-Early
charges are quite extreme for what the public defender argues should be more classified as a property crime or as something below attempted murder.
Public Defender
This case is clearly overcharged. This case is a property crime at best.
Host/Interviewer
It was interesting seeing that the FBI and its presser on this said the FBI will not tolerate threats against our nation's innovation leaders, which I thought was a really interesting phrase as well.
Daniel Moreno Gamma
The FBI is committed to protecting our nation's innovation leaders and the companies that drive our economy forward.
Annie Kelly
What about Sam Altman himself?
Host/Interviewer
What's he said since this attack on his home?
Nick Robins-Early
So he posted a fairly lengthy blog after this incident. The initial thing that he posted in that was a photo of his family.
Sam Altman
Late Friday, Sam Altman posted this image of his family saying, I'm sharing a photo in the hopes that it might dissuade the next person from throwing a Molotov cocktail at our house.
Nick Robins-Early
He included a lot of other defenses of AI. He also referenced this New Yorker magazine profile which came out recently that was a fairly unflattering portrait of him.
Annie Kelly
John Fleming, you're a researcher at the University of Nottingham and you specialize in anti technology politics. Were you surprised when you saw this attack?
Sean Fleming
I wasn't surprised at all because I've been predicting that the backlash against technology would become increasingly violent for a few years now.
Daniel Moreno Gamma
Right.
Annie Kelly
And we should say that Moreno Gamma's family say that this has nothing to do about his views on AI and that he was suffering from a really severe mental health crisis at the time. But what do we know about his
Host/Interviewer
beliefs in general from his substack posts,
Sean Fleming
we can see that Daniel Marino Gamma was influenced by Eliezer Yudkowski.
Daniel Moreno Gamma
I can't exactly remember the first video I came across, but probably it was Yudkowski.
Sean Fleming
I imagine he's probably the most famous AI doomer right now. He wrote a book last year, a bestseller in fact, titled if anyone builds It, Everyone dies.
Eliezer Yudkowsky (quoted)
I am worried about the AI that is smarter than us. I'm worried about the AI that is good enough at AI research to build the AI that builds the AI that is smarter than us and kills everyone.
Sean Fleming
The central argument of these AI doomers is that even a small misalignment between the goals of a super intelligent AI and the goals of humanity could be catastrophic. Even an artificial intelligence with a relatively benign goal. The classic example is an AI that's programmed to maximize the production of paperclips. Well, if it's intelligent enough, it will prevent anyone from thwarting that goal, and it will eventually turn the entire world into paperclips. If we tried to turn the machine off or to modify could manipulate us or even kill us to prevent us from doing that.
Eliezer Yudkowsky (quoted)
The AI doesn't hate you, neither does it love you. And you're made of atoms that it can use for something else. That's all there is to it. In the end.
Sean Fleming
This is a sort of facetious example, but it gives you an idea of how they're thinking.
Host/Interviewer
And these AI movements that have grown up in response to that fear, can
Annie Kelly
you tell us a bit about them?
Sean Fleming
So they grew out of an online subculture commonly known as rationalism, and it revolves around some seemingly innocuous themes like eliminating cognitive biases. So these are not romantic opponents of the technological age who long for a primitive society or who wish to go back to an agricultural society or something like that. These are people who are steeped in the discourse of science and technology and who oppose AI as sort of insiders. The vast majority of AI doomers are simply calling for strict regulation of AI, but it's worth noting that some of them have advocated for pretty drastic means. So Eliezer Yudkowsky, in an article in Time a few years ago, argued that rogue data centers should be bombed, that airstrikes should be used to enforce a total ban on the development of AI. And he even suggested that countries should be willing to risk nuclear war rather than let this go any further.
Host/Interviewer
Right. But you know, there's a difference between
Annie Kelly
attacking AI infrastructure and the actual people who are at the head of these companies.
Host/Interviewer
And as I understand it, the point that that article was making was that countries should be, you know, willing to bomb data centers in some rogue state who was violating international bans on, you
Annie Kelly
know, dangerous AI development. But Sean, you study anti technology politics and violent extremism. So when it comes to individuals taking really extreme action, what are some of the drivers?
Host/Interviewer
You know, you've just talked about this grand scale. You know, the people worried about the possible end of the world because of paperclips, but what about the smaller, more immediate things?
Annie Kelly
You know, are people just worried about how this might affect their daily lives,
Host/Interviewer
you know, their jobs?
Sean Fleming
The grievances produced by economic obsolescence might result in sabotage against tech companies, a bit of vandalism or machine smashing. But I don't think economic obsolescence is going to drive a new wave of terrorism. It's concern about the existential risks on the part of extremely alienated people who travel in very strange echo chambers online. I think that's where the real threat of political violence comes from. And these ideologies that we've been talking about that are rationalist and scientific appeal to people with both the know how and the security clearance. My big worry is that rogue insiders are going to be the ones who turn against the system and do a lot of damage.
Host/Interviewer
There have been quite swift moves by the industry and politicians already to blame the AI doomers, or at least kind of point some finger of responsibility at them for things like this attack on Sam Altman's property. Do you think that they do bear some responsibility for that?
Sean Fleming
I think the most extreme of them certainly do bear some responsibility. But I don't think that it's fair to blame the pause AI and stop AI movements as a whole. And it bears repeating that most critics of artificial intelligence are not proposing anything particularly drastic. They're proposing regulation, oversight, legal means of addressing these problems. So the vast majority of people who travel in these message boards are not contemplating assassinations of corporate executives, and they're banning people who even mention such things. So I think we should be careful not to tar them all with the same brush. The anti AI community is large, and only a small segment of it condones violence. But even that small segment is sizable. Experts in political violence have already raised the alarm about what they call stochastic terrorism. Individuals with different causes who carry out targeted assassinations in an attempt to be heroes. I don't think this is the last attempt on the life of an AI executive we'll see in this decade,
Host/Interviewer
Nick.
Annie Kelly
So so far we've been talking about this one act of violence that was perpetrated against Sam Altman last weekend. And you know, it's worth saying that there have been a few other incidents as well. Open AI staff were forced into lockdown after threats in November 2025. And in April this year, an Indiana politician reported someone shooting at his front door who then left behind a sign saying no data centers on his doorstep
Ron Gibson
that handwritten note tucked under a doormat covered in broken glass where City County Councilman Ron Gibson says he and his son awoke to gunfire.
Annie Kelly
And as this technology has been advancing, we have started to see this wider non violent anti AI movements spring up in response. What do these groups look like at the moment?
Nick Robins-Early
Well, I think there's different sections of it. There's groups that are more involved in calling for regulation and policies to rein in, though not entirely stop the advancement of AI. And then there are more extreme groups and extreme individuals who have viewed this as an existential threat and are saying that this should be stopped by any means necessary. It's a technology that is extremely divisive. It has widespread disapproval within the United States and a lot of people just really do not trust these companies or these individuals who are running it. There was an NBC poll last month where I believe maybe only 26% of people in the United States had a positive opinion of AI.
Annie Kelly
Ouch.
Nick Robins-Early
In the list of major figures or entities, AI ranks below Donald Trump, it ranks below the Republican Party, it actually ranks a couple points above the Democrats. But pretty much anything else you can think of, it's less popular than. It's not a technology that people view as having positive outcomes. And that's not just on the workforce. People view it as something that will make people less able to connect with friends and society. They view it as something that will make people less creative. There aren't a lot of people outside of the industry and outside of specifically male researchers. Studies have shown that think that this is going to have net positive effects on society.
Host/Interviewer
And it was interesting looking at these polls. This anti AI sentiment is especially prevalent among young people. The kind of people that you would think maybe would be keen to adopt new technologies. Gen Z they really don't like AI, do they? Do you think this is something that companies need to be worried about?
Nick Robins-Early
Any technology would love to have a younger user base because it's a user base that you can count on for a much longer period of time. The perception that the user base of these is a ton of teenagers generating everything is not really the case. Certainly there's a lot of people Using it for school, for writing essays, for all these things. But I think with a little bit more digital literacy, maybe younger generations are a little bit more skeptical of this technology in the first place. So it's been interesting to seeing in polling that the people most enamored with it are actually older generations, while younger people are maybe worrying about what it's going to do to their future or worrying about just the impacts that it's having on their society as they see it right now.
Host/Interviewer
Do you think that all of these very kind of catastrophic views that they're expounding about the future of their own technology is contributing to this?
Nick Robins-Early
Yeah, I mean, I think that that's definitely part of it. I think that when you have a sales pitch that is in some parts our technology could destroy the world if it's not being reined in. Our technology is going to erase all these jobs and transform the lab.
Interviewer (Podcast)
I think AI will probably like most likely sort of lead to the end of the world, but in the meantime, there will be great companies created with serious machine learning.
Nick Robins-Early
It's not an appealing sales pitch for a lot of people and I think that these companies are beginning to realize this. And there has been this sort of tonal shift among the industry recently. They've been putting out policy papers saying, actually what if we were to have a redistribution of the wealth that AI creates back to citizens and what if there was a four day work week that the average worker could have as a result of AI? And I don't think it's a coincidence that these sort of talking points are coming as there's increasing calls for regulation. I think the industry is kind of realizing that they need to shift tack on what their messaging is because of the same issues that we talked about.
Host/Interviewer
But where did this messaging come from? Who is it directed towards? Because it kind of feels like the cat's out the bag a little bit. I mean, people have taken that narrative up and are believing it, right? Are believing that their jobs are going to be gone within four or five years. And why was it that this was their kind of pitch?
Nick Robins-Early
Broadcasting your technology as this world changing or world ending thing is valuable from a marketing perspective. When you have a technology that's still emerging and needs people to buy in and needs people to take it seriously, It's a lot easier to raise billions of dollars when you say that your technology can completely upend the world than it is saying, oh well, this is pretty good at writing emails. It's useful to a point. But then after that, when there's been this widespread adoption. You kind of have to switch marketing strategy because all of a sudden the things that you've been saying are not really as appealing for the average person who's using this.
Host/Interviewer
And this discontent is obviously filtering through the much wider population. How is that unhappiness playing out in local communities who might be worried about their electricity bills and data centers being built? Can you tell us a bit about what we're seeing happen, how that's manifesting?
Nick Robins-Early
Yeah, I think that there's a number of different grassroots movements sort of building around this. There's people advocating their lawmakers for more stringent policies around AI. There is certain candidates right now who are eyeing midterm elections, who are running on platforms that heavily focus on saying, look, we're going to pass these bills that rein in AI or offer protections. And at a community level, we've seen data centers try to go up in places around the country and face quite a bit of opposition. Locally, there's people who are saying, we don't really want this in our community. We're worried about what this might do to our electricity bill. We're worried about this technology in general. And with data centers, they create a lot of jobs initially in terms of construction, but they don't really take that many people to run. So they're not really big boons to the community in terms of job creation. You can run a massive, massive data center with a few dozen people
Annie Kelly
coming up. Can the AI industry contain the backlash?
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Annie Kelly
How do you think the AI industry
Host/Interviewer
will react to not only this growing discontent, but the potential for, on the very radical end of that, more violence against them or their companies?
Nick Robins-Early
I think that we're going to see a lot more public relations efforts from AI companies and a lot more attempts to humanize both their leaders and the companies themselves. And then, on the other hand, we're just going to see a lot more security go up. And this is something that's been happening with executives and different business leaders for a little while now, certainly since the United Healthcare shooting. But there's a paranoia around who might be out to get them. There's, I think, a growing fear around what could happen. When you see extremist acts that target specific business leaders or politicians, I think the people who are within that class begin to look around and think, okay, well, if this happened to them, it could happen to me.
Host/Interviewer
Do you think AI companies will see an opportunity in blaming these kind of grassroots movements for people's unhappiness with their technology as a way of shutting them down?
Nick Robins-Early
I think that there's always a risk in any kind of political movement where when there's either politicians or companies or special interests that don't want to face some sort of more activist section of the public, that they would potentially demonize those sections of the public. It's possible that I think the AI industry could say these are more extreme factions who are calling for this and they should not be paid attention to
Host/Interviewer
or shut down in terms of criminalizing them, which is obviously not the first time that that's happened in terms of trying to do that to protest groups.
Nick Robins-Early
I think that the AI industry is kind of walking this thin line right now where they want to be seen as benevolent still. And I think any sort of more draconian actions could be viewed as potentially risky and cause more backlash than they would intend. But that hasn't stopped AI companies from really heavily lobbying for more lax political action towards them in some cases. In California, OpenAI subpoenaed a number of groups who it believed were potentially working against it somehow and in league with Elon Musk. And they subpoenaed these nonprofits saying, we want your communications, and we believe that you've been, as part of an influence campaign, taking action against us. So that kind of speaks to, I think, the level of lengths they are willing to go on this even if they might not be saying, look, we need to criminalize these groups. They're certainly trying to undercut them.
Host/Interviewer
And finally, there has been suggestions that this incident at Sam Altman's home might lead to other kind of copycat anti AI violence in the coming months or years. Where do you see all of this heading?
Nick Robins-Early
Whenever you look at radicalism or extremist attacks, if that is what this ends up being, I think that there's always the risk of copycats and I think it's notable that in Moreno Gamma's post he referenced Luigi Mangione. And so there's already a sort of knock on inspiration that happens whenever there is these types of violence or attempted violence. Certainly with regards to his purported manifesto, you don't really write a manifesto unless you want to inspire others. There is certainly an attempt to encourage this. When you have something that is as divisive as AI and is as prevalent and when you have a level of online radicalization that is just permeating society writ large these days, it's going to look for targets. And I think the AI industry, yeah, could very well be one of those targets in the future.
Host/Interviewer
Nick, thank you so much for joining us today.
Nick Robins-Early
Thanks for having me.
Annie Kelly
And that's it for today. My thanks to Nick Robin Zerley and Sean Fleming and you can read all of nick's reporting@theguardian.com this episode was produced by Ned Carter Miles and presented by me, Annie Kelly. The sound producer was Ross Burns and the executive producer was Sammy Kent. And we will be back later on today with the latest. This is the Guardian.
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Episode: Will the backlash against AI turn violent?
Date: April 24, 2026
Host: Annie Kelly (The Guardian)
Guests: Nick Robins-Early (Journalist, extremism/disinformation/tech), Sean Fleming (Researcher, University of Nottingham)
This episode delves into a recent, unprecedented attack targeting Sam Altman—the CEO of OpenAI—and explores whether this incident indicates a broader, escalating backlash against artificial intelligence that could become violent. The hosts and their expert guests discuss the perpetrator’s motivations, the radicalization of anti-AI communities, public distrust of AI, the potential for copycat attacks, and how the tech industry might respond.
"Federal authorities have been quite harsh on this...if it's proven that he intended to carry out this for political reasons, they would treat it as domestic terrorism." — Nick Robins-Early (07:00)
"No, that would be bad. It wouldn't do anything. It's just not worth it." — Daniel Moreno Gamma, on killing Sam Altman (05:38) "I would normally only advocate for violence as the absolute final...you get what I'm saying?" — Daniel Moreno Gamma (05:45)
"I've been predicting that the backlash against technology would become increasingly violent for a few years now." — Sean Fleming (09:11)
"The vast majority of people who travel in these message boards are not contemplating assassinations of corporate executives, and they're banning people who even mention such things." — Sean Fleming (14:38)
"It's concern about existential risks on the part of extremely alienated people who travel in very strange echo chambers online... that's where the real threat of political violence comes from." — Sean Fleming (13:16)
"AI ranks below Donald Trump, it ranks below the Republican Party ... It's not a technology that people view as having positive outcomes." — Nick Robins-Early (17:23)
"Broadcasting your technology as this world changing or world ending thing is valuable from a marketing perspective...But then after that...you have to switch marketing strategy." — Nick Robins-Early (20:49)
"We're going to see a lot more public relations efforts from AI companies and a lot more attempts to humanize both their leaders and the companies themselves. And then, on the other hand, we're just going to see a lot more security go up." — Nick Robins-Early (25:03)
"Whenever you look at radicalism or extremist attacks...there's always the risk of copycats...Certainly with regards to his purported manifesto, you don't really write a manifesto unless you want to inspire others." — Nick Robins-Early (27:59)
On Motivation for Political Violence:
"My big worry is that rogue insiders are going to be the ones who turn against the system and do a lot of damage."
— Sean Fleming (13:55)
On the Disconnect Between Messaging and Public Sentiment:
"It's not an appealing sales pitch for a lot of people, and I think that these companies are beginning to realize this."
— Nick Robins-Early (19:49)
On Industry Response to Activism:
"In California, OpenAI subpoenaed a number of groups...They subpoenaed these nonprofits saying, we want your communications...as part of an influence campaign, taking action against us."
— Nick Robins-Early (26:44)
On the Risk of Copycats:
"I don't think this is the last attempt on the life of an AI executive we'll see in this decade."
— Sean Fleming (15:42)
The attack on Sam Altman represents a new level of backlash against AI—not simply a protest, but an act of violence targeting the technology’s leadership. While the accused attacker suffered from mental health issues, his radicalization via online anti-AI discourse highlights the power and danger of extremist rhetoric. Though most anti-AI groups advocate peaceful regulation, there is a growing risk from fringe individuals or insiders inspired by catastrophic narratives.
Public distrust, especially among the young, is mounting. The AI industry’s earlier apocalyptic messaging has backfired, forcing a strategic rethink both in communications and security. As polarization and radicalization continue, experts caution that further acts of violence against AI executives or infrastructure are possible—if not likely—going forward. The challenge ahead lies in balancing legitimate debate over AI’s future with strategies to limit the risk of stochastic terrorism and to avoid unjustly demonizing peaceful protest and activism.