Podcast Summary
Podcast: Todo Concostrina – SER Podcast
Episode: Acontece que no es poco | El gran oxímoron: los borbones constitucionales (2)
Date: December 5, 2023
Host: Nieves Concostrina
Theme:
An irreverent, rigorous journey through the relationship between the Spanish Bourbon monarchy and constitutionalism. Nieves Concostrina exposes the contradictions, betrayals, and eufemisms of each era, showing why the term "Bourbon constitutional" is, in her words, an oxymoron.
Episode Overview
Nieves Concostrina concludes her two-part mini-series examining the historical and often paradoxical relationship between Spain’s Bourbon monarchs and the constitutions they ostensibly pledged to uphold. Through anecdotes, sharp criticism, and signature humor, she questions the integrity of both the monarchy and the historical narratives towns have been told about them.
Key Discussion Points and Insights
Setting the Stage: From Isabel II to the Modern Era
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The discussion picks up from the expulsion of Isabel II, recapping how Spain found itself constitutionally adrift and monarch-less, leading to creative but short-lived political experiments.
- "Ayer cortamos el rollo constitucional en la de 1845 [...] Fue un loco momento en el que tuvimos constitución pero no teníamos rey que la jurara. Esto fue muy tonto." (Nieves, 01:16)
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The search for a new monarch led to Amadeo I of Savoy, the only king voted in Parliament, whose brief, tumultuous reign illustrated the nation's instability.
- "El Saboya más que saltársela, nos mandó a los españoles al carajo porque éramos ingobernables." (Nieves, 01:48)
The Inviolability of the Crown & Systemic Corruption
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Even when republican momentum attempted to hold royal figures accountable for theft (Isabel II and Cristina de Borbón), conservatives blocked accountability to “maintain the dignity” of the institution.
- "Vamos a mantener la dignidad, pero salvamos al delincuente. [...] Es por lo mismo que la mesa del Congreso rechazó en 2021 investigar al indigno Juan Carlos I, que violó todas sus obligaciones. Pero como es inviolable..." (Nieves, 02:59)
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Sarcastic musical interlude referencing the monarchy’s impunity:
- "Con dinero hago siempre lo que quiero. Y mi palabra es la ley. [...] pero sigo siendo el rey." (03:28–03:43)
The Return of the Bourbons: Restoration and More Betrayals
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Alfonso XII’s arrival isn't a story of peaceful restoration, but a disguised military coup by Martínez Campos.
- "Alfonso XII fue proclamado rey mediante un golpe de Estado. Eso que en los libros de texto aparece con el bonito nombre de Restauración Borbónica, como si fuera algo bueno y necesario [...] fue producto de un golpe de Estado militar en Sagunto..." (Nieves, 03:57)
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Eufemisms like “restoration” and “pronunciamiento” are used to downplay the true nature of these power shifts.
- “El golpe de Estado lo llaman pronunciamiento; lo de Alfonso XII, restauración borbónica, y así todo suena muy suavecito.” (Nieves, 05:03)
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The 1876 Constitution, designed around the monarchy, returns and reinforces elitist, patriarchal lines of succession and immunity for the king.
- “La persona del rey es sagrada, inviolable. [...] En todas las constituciones clavan la palabra ‘legítimo’, porque todos los reyes y reinas tenían un montón de bastardos.” (Nieves, 06:18)
Alfonso XIII: The Textbook Perjurer
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Alfonso XIII directly participates in the 1923 military coup with Primo de Rivera, primarily to avoid exposure of his role in Moroccan disaster and his financial interests.
- “El golpe de Estado que tenía que dar Primo de Rivera estaba previsto para más adelante [...] le pide Alfonso XIII a Primo de Rivera que adelante el golpe [...] porque iba a hacerse pública una investigación.” (Nieves, 09:08)
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Nieves recommends Blasco Ibáñez’s book Por España y contra el Rey for deeper insight.
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Once again, the monarchy’s claim to constitutionalism is revealed as a farce: “Por quinta vez quedaba demostrado que Borbones constitucionales es un oxímoron.” (Nieves, 10:20)
The Second Republic: A Break from Monarchical Privilege
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The 1931 Constitution, foundation of the Second Republic, offered true democratic rights:
- Equal access to the head of state role
- Universal suffrage (including the appearance of the word “woman” for the first time in a constitution)
- Social rights (health, unemployment, disability, maternity protection, etc.)
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“La única enteramente demócrata, en donde de verdad todos los españoles disponían de las mismas oportunidades para alcanzar la jefatura del Estado. [...] Y por primera vez una Constitución recogía la palabra mujer. [...] Gracias a la gran Clara Campoamor.” (Nieves, 10:31)
The Dictatorship, the Transition, and the Monarchy’s Return
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After Franco’s regime, the monarchy is restored under Juan Carlos I, not by popular will, but through political maneuvering.
- Adolfo Suárez is quoted (hidden-mic interview) admitting that explicit reference to monarchy and king was inserted into the law of political reform because polls showed the monarchy would lose in a referendum.
- “Hacíamos encuestas y perdíamos.” (Suárez via Nieves, 12:13)
- "Entonces yo metí la palabra 'rey' y 'monarquía' en la ley [...], y así dije que había sido sometido a referéndum..." (Nieves, 12:15)
- Adolfo Suárez is quoted (hidden-mic interview) admitting that explicit reference to monarchy and king was inserted into the law of political reform because polls showed the monarchy would lose in a referendum.
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Suárez’s admitted maneuvering, and the international context (pressure from foreign governments), reveal how the monarchy’s legitimacy in the modern era came about through manipulation, not democratic consensus.
Juan Carlos I and the 1981 Coup
- Nieves cites agent Diego Camacho in the documentary Salvar al Rey, who asserts that Juan Carlos was the driving force behind the 1981 attempted coup d’état.
- “Juan Carlos de Borbón fue el motor del golpe de Estado del 81. Si esto es cierto, sería el sexto perjuro Borbón. Y nada, feliz día de la Constitución.” (Nieves, 13:19)
Notable Quotes & Memorable Moments
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On Simulated Dignity:
- “Vamos a mantener la dignidad, pero salvamos al delincuente.” (Nieves, 02:59)
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On Euphemisms in History:
- “Eso que en los libros de texto aparece con el bonito nombre de Restauración Borbónica [...] fue producto de un golpe de Estado militar.” (Nieves, 03:57)
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On Structural Inequality:
- “En todas las constituciones clavan la palabra 'legítimo', porque todos los reyes y reinas tenían un montón de bastardos.” (Nieves, 06:18)
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On Democratic Breakthrough in 1931 Constitution:
- “Por primera vez una Constitución recogía la palabra mujer. [...] Gracias a la gran Clara Campoamor.” (Nieves, 10:31)
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On Hidden Political Strategy:
- “Hacíamos encuestas y perdíamos [...] por eso, y ahí sigue diciendo, entonces yo metí la palabra rey y la palabra monarquía en la ley.” (Nieves cita a Suárez, 12:13–12:15)
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On Juan Carlos and the 1981 Coup:
- “Juan Carlos de Borbón fue el motor del golpe de Estado del 81.” (Nieves cita a Diego Camacho, 13:19)
Key Timestamps for Important Segments
- 01:16 – Fast recap from Constitution of 1845 to monarchy-seeking period after Isabel II
- 02:59–03:28 – Discussion on royal inviolability and political hypocrisy
- 03:57–06:01 – “Restauración Borbónica” as a euphemism for coup; succession law details
- 09:08–10:20 – Alfonso XIII’s coup and personal interests exposed
- 10:31–11:48 – The Second Republic's Constitution: democratic milestone
- 11:49–12:15 – Adolfo Suárez’s secret about avoiding a referendum on monarchy
- 13:18–13:34 – The assertion from Diego Camacho on Juan Carlos’s role in the 1981 coup
Tone and Style
Consistent with Nieves Concostrina’s hallmark: irreverent, witty, and deeply critical. She demystifies monarchical “sacrality”, spares no sarcasm toward Spain’s sanitized narratives, and frequently interrupts the somber history with sharp, colloquial asides reminiscent of bar talk (“a las cañas”).
Conclusion
Nieves Concostrina robustly dissects the myth of a "constitutional Bourbon", exposing a cyclical pattern of betrayal, privilege, and undemocratic maneuvering. From 19th-century ejections and coups to 20th-century referenda manipulation and 21st-century scandals, she frames Spanish history as one in which constitutional monarchy has largely existed in name only. Her closing wishes for a happy Constitution Day are laced with heavy, but entertaining, irony—in true Concostrina style.
