Podcast Summary: "The History of Pets in New York City"

Podcast Information:

• Title: All Of It
• Host: Alison Stewart
• Episode: The History of Pets in New York City
• Release Date: December 4, 2024
• Description: ALL OF IT is a show about culture and its consumers, aiming to engage thinkers, makers, and creators in discussions about the cultural dynamics shaping New York City.

Introduction to the Exhibit

In this episode of All Of It, host Alison Stewart delves into the vibrant history of pets in New York City through the lens of a new exhibit titled "Pets and the City" at the New York Historical Society. The exhibit spans three and a half centuries, showcasing the evolving relationship between New Yorkers and their animal companions.

Alison Stewart introduces the topic at [00:17]:

"A new exhibit chronicles three centuries of animal companions in New York City, from the indigenous people who felt a deep and often spiritual connection to animals, to European settlers who brought with them a specific type of hunting culture, to the 2 million pets who call the city home today."

Organization and Curation

Roberta Olson, the curator of the exhibit, shares insights into the extensive process behind its compilation. Holding a PhD in art history and possessing personal experience with many of the featured animals, Olson meticulously organized over three years to present a comprehensive narrative.

At [01:32], Olson explains:

"It was a long process. It was over three years, three and a half centuries. It makes sense. And one had to, you know, cast the net very, very widely."

She emphasizes the depth and breadth of the exhibit, which includes over 300 objects ranging from paintings and photos to historical documents and memorabilia.

Early History: Indigenous Connections

The exhibit opens with artifacts dating back to 1710, highlighting the profound spiritual connections indigenous peoples had with animals. Olson discusses the representation of Haudenosaunee leaders and their clan animals, underscoring the cultural significance of these relationships.

At [02:00], Olson notes:

"Indigenous people viewed animals as sentient beings, integral to their spiritual and daily lives. Each person had a clan animal passed down through the matrilineal line."

These early displays include unique signatures where indigenous individuals signed documents with their clan animals, such as a signature involving a tortoise belonging to a woman in 1729.

Domestication and Evolution of Pet Culture in NYC

Transitioning from indigenous practices, the exhibit traces the domestication of animals in New York City from the wild hunting cultures of the early settlers to the urban pet-centric society of today. Olson outlines this evolution, noting the shift from hunting necessities to companion animals enhancing domestic life.

At [06:29], she elaborates:

"Domestication really occurred when the wild kingdom entered the parlor, as we might say, in the early 19th century."

This period saw a surge in pet ownership, particularly of birds like native songbirds and later imported canaries, which became symbols of household refinement and musical ambiance.

Profiles of Notable Animals and Stories

One of the standout stories featured in the exhibit is that of Emma Thursby, a Brooklyn-born soprano from the Gilded Age, who traveled with her remarkable myna bird. Olson recounts the fascinating tale of how Thursby secured permission to bring her bird on a Pullman Company train, highlighting early animal rights activism.

At [09:00], Olson shares:

"Emma Thursby was an early animal rights activist. When her bird died in 1899, an autopsy revealed it had a huge brain, sparking debates about animal intelligence and rights."

The exhibit also includes playful sections on animal toys and memorabilia, offering a glimpse into the personal lives of New Yorkers and their pets.

Animal Welfare Reforms in NYC

A significant portion of the discussion centers on New York City's pioneering role in animal welfare. Olson details the emergence of organizations like the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), founded by Henry Bergh, a New Yorker who was galvanized by the mistreatment of carriage horses.

At [10:52], Olson explains:

"Henry Bergh was incensed by the treatment of carriage horses and founded the ASPCA the same year New York State passed the first anti-cruelty animal act in the nation."

The conversation covers the development of humane laws and shelters, such as the establishment of the first no-kill shelter, Bideau Society, in 1903, and the founding of the Humane Society in 1904.

Waste Management and Pet Legislation

Olson connects the evolution of pet culture with broader urban developments, particularly waste management. She discusses how the lack of garbage collection and sewer systems contributed to issues with stray animals, leading to legislation like the dog license law of 1894 and the pooper scooper law enacted in 1979.

At [17:21], Olson remarks:

"The pooper scooper was invented by a woman in California but made its way to New York. The first fine was a hundred dollars, now it's $250."

She highlights the challenges and transformations in managing urban pet waste, reflecting the city's ongoing efforts to balance pet ownership with public hygiene and safety.

Conclusion and Visitor Information

As the episode wraps up, listeners are encouraged to visit the "Pets and the City" exhibit at the New York Historical Society, located on Central Park West at 77th Street. The exhibit runs through April 2025 and offers a rich exploration of New York City's pet history, complete with interactive elements and educational displays.

Olson concludes the discussion with a heartfelt invitation:

"It's been wonderful to talk with you. Have a great day."

Alison Stewart adds a final note, promoting upcoming events and guests, ensuring listeners remain engaged with future episodes of All Of It.

Notable Quotes:

• Alison Stewart [00:17]: "A new exhibit chronicles three centuries of animal companions in New York City..."
• Roberta Olson [01:32]: "It was a long process. It was over three years, three and a half centuries..."
• Roberta Olson [06:29]: "Domestication really occurred when the wild kingdom entered the parlor..."
• Roberta Olson [09:00]: "Emma Thursby was an early animal rights activist..."
• Roberta Olson [10:52]: "Henry Bergh was incensed by the treatment of carriage horses and founded the ASPCA..."
• Roberta Olson [17:21]: "The pooper scooper was invented by a woman in California but made its way to New York..."

This episode offers a comprehensive and engaging exploration of the intricate relationship between New Yorkers and their pets, illuminating historical contexts, cultural shifts, and the enduring bond that animals have with the city's residents.