American History Hit: Bobby Kennedy - Assassination of a Future President

Introduction

In this compelling episode of American History Hit, host Don Wildman delves deep into the tumultuous 1968 presidential campaign of Robert F. Kennedy (RFK). Co-hosted by Professor Patricia Sullivan, a distinguished historian of the civil rights movement and author of Justice Robert Kennedy's America in Black and White, the episode explores RFK's rise, his vision for America, the societal challenges of the era, and the tragic end that cut short what could have been a transformative presidency.

RFK's Entry into the 1968 Presidential Race

Don Wildman begins by setting the stage of 1968—a year marked by intense civil unrest, the ongoing Vietnam War, and significant social upheaval. RFK, serving as a senator from New York since 1965, officially entered the presidential race on March 16, 1968, amid declining support for President Lyndon B. Johnson (LBJ).

Professor Sullivan explains, “RFK didn’t originally intend to run in 1968. [04:43] He was focusing on his role as a senator, holding hearings on poverty and engaging with communities across the country.” However, several pivotal events, including the Tet Offensive in Vietnam and the Kerner Commission Report on urban riots, pushed him to seek the presidency as a means to address the nation's pressing issues.

Campaign Focus: Racial Equality, Economic Justice, and Vietnam

RFK's campaign was notably radical for its time, advocating for racial equality, economic justice, and an end to the Vietnam War—positions considered extreme in the late 1960s. Professor Sullivan emphasizes, “He was campaigning against embedded inequalities and racism, essentially speaking to white Americans about the need for change. [11:35] He wanted to bring black and white working together to move the country forward.”

RFK's platform resonated with the nation's growing desire for unity and progress. His approach was not just political but deeply empathetic, aiming to heal a fractured society. As Don Wildman reflects, “He was really the man for the times... an extraordinary moment filled with hope.”

Key Campaign Events and Victory

The campaign gained significant momentum as RFK won key primaries:

1. Indiana Primary: RFK won amidst the backdrop of Martin Luther King Jr.'s assassination on April 4, 1968. Delivering a poignant speech in Indianapolis, RFK urged the nation to maintain faith and unity, stating, “I understand he was killed by a white man... [24:22]”

2. Washington and Nebraska Primaries: He continued his winning streak, securing 62% in Washington and 51% in Nebraska.

3. California Primary: On June 4, 1968, RFK won the California primary with 46% of the vote, positioning him as the frontrunner for the Democratic nomination.

Professor Sullivan notes, “Winning California was crucial because it was the real battleground... [30:44]”

Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. and RFK’s Response

The assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. was a critical moment in RFK's campaign. Professor Sullivan recounts the emotional impact of RFK's response: “He delivered that speech in Indianapolis... [22:57] urging nonviolence, peace, and hope.”

RFK's ability to connect with both black and white Americans during this crisis showcased his deep empathy and commitment to healing the nation. His speech emphasized unity: “We have to confront these issues in a constructive way. [25:12]”

RFK's Tragic Assassination

Tragically, RFK's burgeoning campaign was cut short on June 5, 1968, shortly after his victory speech at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles. As he returned to his kitchen after the speech, sirens sounded—Sirhan Sirhan, a Palestinian immigrant, opened fire. Amidst the chaos, RFK displayed remarkable composure, asking, “Is everybody okay?” [38:38] before succumbing to his injuries.

Professor Sullivan describes the scene: “He was lying on the floor, and his aide was hit first... [37:29]” The assassination echoed the earlier loss of his brother, JFK, underscoring the recurring tragedies that plagued the Kennedy family.

Aftermath and Historical Implications

Sirhan Sirhan was convicted and sentenced to death, which was later commuted to life without parole. Despite various theories, Sirhan has not provided a clear motive beyond his support for Israel, influenced by the political tensions of the era.

Professor Sullivan reflects on the "what ifs": “Had this not happened, Robert Kennedy was definitely going to win the nomination... [41:15]” The episode contemplates the profound impact RFK could have had on American politics and society, potentially altering the course of the Vietnam War, civil rights advancements, and the political landscape dominated by figures like Richard Nixon.

Conclusion: The Legacy of RFK’s Campaign

RFK's 1968 campaign is portrayed as a beacon of hope and unity during a time of deep national division. His empathetic approach, grounded in genuine concern for America's fractured state, set him apart from contemporaries and offered a stark contrast to Nixon's divisive strategies.

Professor Sullivan encapsulates RFK's legacy: “He was someone in the 20th century with enough passion, energy, and patience... he represented political fidelity, conversation, openings, and possibility. [43:19]”

Don Wildman closes the episode with a deep sense of loss for the potential that was never realized: “Everything that happened with Robert Kennedy's candidacy... leaves you deeply sad, all the possibilities that might have been. [43:45]”

Notable Quotes

• Don Wildman: “RFK is the man for the times... an extraordinary moment filled with hope.” [08:28]

• Professor Patricia Sullivan: “Robert Kennedy was moving forward and trying to build a fuller democracy and a better future.” [06:03]

• RFK during his Indianapolis speech: “I understand he was killed by a white man... [24:22]”

• Professor Patricia Sullivan: “He was someone in the 20th century with enough passion, energy and patience... [43:19]”

Final Thoughts

This episode of American History Hit not only chronicles the rise and tragic fall of Robert F. Kennedy's 1968 presidential campaign but also reflects on the broader societal shifts of the 1960s. Through insightful conversations and poignant historical analysis, listeners gain a deeper understanding of how RFK's vision and empathy might have reshaped America's future.

For those interested in exploring more about America’s intricate history and pivotal moments, be sure to subscribe and listen to future episodes of American History Hit.