In April, the retail penetration rate of new energy passenger vehicles in China surpassed 60 percent for the first time, reaching 61.4 percent. Internal combustion vehicles are increasingly becoming the minority technology in one of the world's largest automobile markets.
今年 4 月，我国新能源乘用车零售渗透率首次突破 60%，达到 61.4%。在全球最大汽车市场之一的中国，燃油车正逐渐沦为非主流车型。

This transformation is being driven by simultaneous advances in multiple battery technologies in China. While lithium iron phosphate batteries continue to dominate the sector because of their lower costs and improving safety profile, research is accelerating in solid-state batteries, sodium-ion batteries and iron-based flow batteries for large-scale energy storage.
这一变革得益于国内多项电池技术同步取得突破。磷酸铁锂电池凭借成本更低、安全性能持续优化的优势持续占据市场主流；与此同时，固态电池、钠离子电池以及适用于大规模储能的铁基液流电池的研发步伐也在不断加快。

Over the past five years, the unit cost of power batteries in China has decreased by 30 percent, their lifespan has increased by 40 percent, and charging speeds have more than tripled. The country is transforming the battery — the most expensive and technologically sensitive component of an electric vehicle — into a mass-market commodity with rapidly improving performance. It’s a story of scale, chemistry and market selection.
过去五年，我国动力电池单位成本下降 30%，使用寿命提升 40%，充电速度提升两倍以上。电池是电动汽车成本最高、技术门槛最高的核心部件，如今我国正将其打造为性能持续升级的大众化产品，这背后是产业规模、材料技术与市场选择共同作用的结果。

China's power battery output reached 310 gigawatt-hours in the first two months of 2026, up 22 percent year-on-year. Lithium iron phosphate batteries alone accounted for nearly 115 gigawatt-hours of production in February, far exceeding ternary lithium batteries. This reflects the emergence of a manufacturing ecosystem capable of relentless innovation and continuous cost compression.
2026 年前两个月，我国动力电池产量达 310 吉瓦时，同比增长 22%。其中 2 月磷酸铁锂电池产量接近 115 吉瓦时，远超三元锂电池。这一数据体现出我国已形成具备持续创新、不断降本能力的动力电池产业生态。

Meanwhile, researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences recently reported progress in iron-based flow batteries that are capable of more than 6,000 charging cycles without measurable degradation. Because iron is far cheaper and more abundant than lithium, such technologies could become important not only for electric vehicles but also for grid-scale electricity storage as renewable energy capacity expands globally.
与此同时，中国科学院科研团队近期在铁基液流电池领域取得进展，该电池可完成 6000 次以上充放电循环，性能无明显衰减。铁元素相比锂元素价格更低、储量更丰富，随着全球可再生能源装机规模不断扩大，这类技术不仅可应用于电动汽车，也将在电网级储能领域发挥重要作用。

The consequences for traditional automakers are profound. Many foreign automotive brands have lost their market share in China. The problem is not merely slower adaptation. Many foreign manufacturers are struggling to match the speed of innovation, cost efficiency and software integration achieved by Chinese EV makers. The International Energy Agency expects electric and hybrid vehicles to account for nearly 30 percent of global car sales this year, driven partly by fuel price pressures and falling battery costs.
这场变革对传统车企影响深远。众多海外汽车品牌在华市场份额不断萎缩，问题并不仅仅在于转型滞后。海外车企在创新速度、成本控制以及软件融合能力上，已难以追赶中国新能源车企的发展步伐。受燃油价格波动、电池成本下降等因素推动，国际能源署预计，今年全球电动及混动汽车销量占比将接近 30%。

China's advantage in the sector lies in integration. Chinese companies are competitive in large segments of the industry, including battery materials, cell manufacturing, software systems and vehicle assembly. This vertical integration enables faster iteration cycles, lower marginal costs and quicker commercialization of innovation.
我国新能源汽车产业的核心优势在于全产业链整合。国内企业在电池材料、电芯制造、车载软件、整车组装等多个关键环节均具备竞争力。这种垂直整合模式能够缩短产品迭代周期、降低边际成本，加快创新技术落地商用。

More important, China has embedded the EV industry within a broader national system organized around data, digital infrastructure and industrial coordination. EVs in China are increasingly becoming mobile computing platforms connected to payment systems, mapping services, charging networks, logistics chains and urban management technologies.
更为重要的是，我国将新能源汽车产业融入到以数据、数字基建、产业协同为支撑的国家综合体系之中。如今国内的新能源汽车正逐步转变为移动智能终端，可对接支付系统、导航服务、充电网络、物流体系以及城市管理平台。

This reflects a distinctive combination of government policy and market competition. Industrial policies created the initial conditions through subsidies, charging infrastructure and research funding. What transformed the sector was the interaction between enormous domestic demand and highly competitive companies forced to innovate constantly on cost, efficiency and technology.
这一发展格局是政策引导与市场竞争有机结合的成果。产业政策通过补贴扶持、充电网络建设、研发资金支持，为行业发展奠定了基础；而庞大的国内市场需求，叠加企业间激烈的市场竞争，倒逼行业在成本、效能、技术上持续创新，推动产业实现跨越式发展。

China's EV ecosystem also benefits from unmatched industrial clustering; battery makers, software developers, semiconductor suppliers and assembly plants operate within tightly integrated regional supply chains. Data generated by millions of connected vehicles feed directly into the AI-driven optimization of battery management, autonomous driving systems and energy efficiency.
完善的产业集群也是我国新能源汽车生态的一大优势。电池企业、软件开发商、芯片供应商与整车厂形成了高度协同的区域供应链。数百万台联网车辆产生的海量数据，借助人工智能技术，持续优化电池管理、自动驾驶系统与车辆能效表现。

Such system-level integration may ultimately prove even more consequential than low battery prices. For instance, on Monday, Huawei unveiled the Tau Scaling Law — a new semiconductor principle that uses logic-folding technology to continuously compress signal propagation delays. By 2031, high-end chips developed under this breakthrough — which integrates national strategy, enterprise R&D, and industrial clusters — could reportedly achieve a transistor density equivalent to the 1.4-nanometer process.
这种体系化整合带来的价值，最终或将超越单纯的电池低价优势。例如，华为于本周一发布陶氏缩放定律，这是一项全新的半导体技术原理，依托逻辑折叠技术持续缩短信号传输延迟。据悉，这项融合国家战略、企业研发与产业集群优势的技术突破，有望在 2031 年打造出晶体管密度达到 1.4 纳米制程水平的高端芯片。

penetration /ˌpenəˈtreɪʃn/n. 渗透率；渗透
dominate /ˈdɒmɪneɪt/v. 占据主导地位；支配
degradation /ˌdeɡrəˈdeɪʃn/n. 退化；衰减
integration /ˌɪntɪˈɡreɪʃn/n. 整合；融合