B (7:03)

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A (8:38)

Is 10 billion enough? Is 50 billion enough right at what point do you have enough fundamental insight on this? Well, I would say you had enough to know that Amazon was unstoppable a decade before the world agreed. You had enough insight to know that Apple was unstoppable seven years before, probably 10 years. Actually in 2009, 11 years before the world agreed, you knew it was unstoppable. You have enough information to know that Bitcoin is unstoppable right now. The world's going to eventually come to a consensus and it'll be the Warren Buffets and the Carl Icahns of the world that will be what creates that consensus. They won't be first, they'll be last. They won't make a huge amount of money. They'll double or triple their money, right? And they will enter and the PD goes from 10 to 30. They triple their money in a, in a 12 month time period. And if you're, if you're able to think for yourself and if you're able to weather volatility, you can 10x20x30x on your investment. But there really is no example of a successful technology investment where you didn't have to weather the 45% drawdown and go through that valley of despair. Right. Ours is currently taking 137 days so far. But you know, it might take two years, it might take three years, it might take four years. If it took seven years, congratulations. It's just like Apple Computer, the biggest success story of the decade.

B (10:21)

What do you say to those out there who feel disappointed by the bull market that we didn't go higher than 126,000? And what is your reasoning for why we didn't get to maybe some of those price predictions that a lot of people wanted?

A (10:36)

I think the market is evolving, the entire ecosystem is evolving in seasoning. And if you look at all the dynamics, the derivatives market is migrating from offshore to onshore and it is maturing. And so as derivatives in the U.S. regulated markets grow, that strips some of the volatility off of Bitcoin and some of the upside off of it. It damps the upsides. It also damps the downside. Instead of an 80% drawdown and an 80 volume, you get a 40 or 50% drawdown in a 50 volume. So you're seeing volatility damped on the upside and the downside by the seasoning of the markets. But you also have a situation where the banking establishment is embracing Bitcoin at a progressive but a slower rate than people with short attention spans would like. It'll take the banks four years, five years, six years before they embrace an entirely new asset class. People would like for Bitcoin to be recognized in four months. But if the banks take four years before they start to bank it, extend credit on it, acknowledge it and handle it, trade it, custody it, etc. Then that means that what you have at the top of the market is $2 trillion worth of Bitcoin, probably 1.8 trillion, held by retail investors or offshore investors. And they cannot access the traditional banking system. They're in the shadow banking system. So if you had $1.8 trillion or more than a trillion dollars worth of capital and no one would give you a loan on it, then how do you monetize it? Right, if I posted $10 million of Apple stock with JP Morgan or Morgan Stanley, I could take a $5 million loan at SOFR plus 50 basis points and I could spend it. But you can't even post $10 million worth of Bitcoin with JP Morgan or Morgan Stanley right now. Therefore you can't take a loan. Therefore you have to go to a shadow banking system. You have to go offshore. So how would you actually monetize it? You either have to sell it, right? The safe way is to sell it, but that damps the upside. What else can you do? By the way? You can get loans, a very small amount of loans from a few crypto exchanges where they don't rehypothecate your Bitcoin. But. But the sum of that capital is a few billion dollars probably. So maybe there's a few billion dollars of Bitcoin credit that you can tap at SOFR +500 basis points or SOFR +400 basis points. Okay, this not SOFR +40, SOFR +400. So it's 10 times as expensive to actually draw down capital. And how much capital? 1,1000th of the amount of capital available for securities portfolios. So there's 1% or less of the capital available through the conventional banking system. It's expensive. Okay, what else can you do? Well, I guess you can convert the Bitcoin to iBit. And just in the past six months, some banks are starting to extend credit against iBit. And a bit more expansive than Bitcoin credit. It's a bit cheaper, but we're only in the first 12 months and it's still expensive. And still it's like limited in its loan to value. Now there's a third place you can get credit, and the third place is you go to a crypto Exchange or an OTC exchange, and they'll oftentimes give you a loan at 4% or 3% or 5% or 2%. I've had people offer me Bitcoin back credit at 1% or 0%. What's the catch, Natalie?

B (14:56)

Right.

A (14:56)

That's the question. There's always the catch is they want me to transfer the bitcoin to them so they can rehypothecate it. So if you have $10 million, you either cannot get a loan from a legitimate bank, or you can get a small loan at a 10% interest rate, or you can get a 3 or 4% loan, but then it gets rehypothecated. So your $10 million of Bitcoin gets sold once, gets sold twice, gets sold three times. You might actually create 30 or 40 million dollars worth of selling because the bitcoin that you posted that you transferred to the shadow bank or the crypto exchange rehypothecated it three times. Okay, so what's holding down the price? I think what holds down the price of the asset is the lack of a fully formed non rehypothecating credit system. Right. And there's a limit to how much you can rehypothecate certain other assets. Right. When you post your home as collateral for a mortgage, the bank doesn't turn around and sell the house on your street 10 times. If they did, the price of houses on your street would be lower. Right. So I think that the lack of a fully formed banking system holds the price back. The existence of rehypothecation in the crypto economy damps the volume. It works to both sides. Right. When people want to get short, they might get short 50x leverage. When they want to get long, they make it long, 50x leverage. So right now we're in that, that bear market where you've got the rehypothecation holding back the price, and I think at some point it reverses itself. We'll just have to wait.

B (16:56)

Well, you always say that volatility is vitality. So do you worry that your projections of, like, Bitcoin, 40% ARR. Could be changing and diminishing, or are your bear bull and base cases pretty similar for the next 10 to 15 years?

A (17:14)

I look at 21 years, and I expect about 29% ARR. Over the next 21 years. I've always thought that we would have rallies and drawdowns. Right. So I see it as a serpentine pattern, you know, where it's just slightly less than 30% over time, but there'll be Periods when it will surge and there'll be periods when it will draw down that doesn't change. I think, you know, if you listen to people, someone will say, well, you know, this weekend there might be some problem in Iran or in the Middle East. And if there is a problem in the Middle east and if the US does something with regard to Iran, then bitcoin's the only thing you can sell. And then bitcoin price may crash and we're worried about it. And I'll say, well, you know, if something happens in the Middle East, Bitcoin will be the only thing you can sell. It'll also be the only thing you can buy. And so that just means that a lot of people that want to trade on the weekend are transferring capital to crypto exchanges so that they can either buy or sell or sell, buy, sell and buy Bitcoin four times between Friday at 4pm and Monday morning at 9:30am and yeah, if you're a trader, what does that make this? It makes it the most interesting asset in the world for you. If you're an investor over four years, what the heck difference does it make whether or not it gets bought, sold, bought and sold this weekend? In fact, here's the difference it makes. There's capital, hot money that's flowing into this ecosystem, into the bitcoin ecosystem that otherwise would not be allocated, right? There's a trader, someone's got $20 billion of capital and their choice is they can either leave it in the bank earning sofr or they can put it into the crypto exchange system and they can buy and sell and buy and sell and Maybe they'll make 4% this weekend, right? When Bitcoin crashes by 5%, there's someone buying while there's someone selling. So people are like, oh, it fell 5%. Well, someone woke up at 4am on a Sunday morning to buy it at a 5% discount. So someone's going to actually make more money on the weekend than they would make holding conventional money for a year. And that capital is not flowing into New York City real estate. It is not flowing into gold. It is not flowing into conventional derivatives. It's not flowing into Nvidia stock, it's not flowing into Apple stock. Why? Because you're not buying and you're not panic selling and rage quitting and buying and capitulating and, you know, and leaping into the market on these volatility waves. So bitcoin is most volatile because it's most useful. And, you know, in the US there's things like Reg T where you can't have more than 2x leverage. We have laws that prevent you from going to more than 2x leverage. Well, there's no such law in nature. You know, in nature, you know, like they don't have those laws. You see one centipede and then you see 10,000 ants and it's like 10,000 to one. And it doesn't seem quite fair. There's nothing fair about nature. If you want to gang up 10,000 to 1 on the centipede, you get to do it. Just like if you want to trade Bitcoin 50x and cross collateralize it to another yo yo token which is 10x and you want to create a 500x machine, you can do it. There's no one stopping you from doing it. Is it wise? Well, maybe 99 out of 100 times it isn't wise. You get wiped out. But the point is, if that's the case, the people that do stupid things get wiped out and then in a year they won't be doing it anymore, will they? Presumably the people that are trading with 50x cross collateralized leverage offshore on Saturday morning in response to a Reuters posting and their panic selling bitcoin and then they're like, oh well, the world didn't end on Sunday afternoon. Then they're, you know, they're desperately buying it back. Presumably those people have a reason to do it and they're making money because if they weren't making money, the free market would separate them from their capital. Right? There's no quicker way to go bankrupt. Right? So bitcoin represents the global capital market. And there are people doing things that you can't do, that you could, that you won't do, that you don't choose to do, you don't wish to do, and they're doing it with that asset. And that's what's creating the volatility. But that's also creating the gravitational or the magnetic field which is attracting all of the energy. All the financial energy of the world is being drawn into this space. All of the political energy, you know, all, all, all of the digital energy, it's all being drawn into this space because of that utility. And I think you just got to make your peace with it. Either you're short term and you're a trader. If you're worried about what bitcoin is going to be in four days or four weeks or four months, you're a trader, call yourself a trader and then you better have a trading methodology or trading excellence or be in the trading business or be neutrally hedged. So it doesn't matter to you. You're either that or you're an investor. You've got a four year time horizon and then it just doesn't matter. All you'd be thinking is a lot of capital is surging into the space and a lot of attention is being given to the space that otherwise would not be given to the space because of those crazy traders and let's just let them do their thing. Because I'm an investor, I'm holding for the long term.

B (23:11)

Well, you know, I'm very passionate about empowering the average individual and Bitcoin is still primarily owned by individuals. But I just had Lyn Alden on and she said that retail really did not participate in this last bull market. Why do you think that is? And what will bring sort of the average retail investor into the best savings technology?

A (23:28)

I think that the retail investors that are passionate and committed to digital capital, to Bitcoin, I think they found it already. I think that they've had 10 years to find it. So if you're looking for a non sovereign store of value bearer digital asset, I think that sometime between 2010 and, and 2025 you found it in one of those successive waves and then you bought as much as you could possibly afford to buy. Okay. And that's fine. I think that if you want to draw the next cohort of retail investors, they don't want a 40 volume 40 ARR asset. What they want is something more like a 10vol 10arr asset or a 0vol 8arr asset. So I think that the way that we draw the mass of investors is you offer them something like digital credit, like strc where we say well here's 11%, it's tax deferred, we're stripping the volume off of it. Like the one year volatility of STRC is less than the nasdaq, is less than the S and P index, it's less than gold. Right. I'm going to give you an asset which is less volatile than conventional stores of value. But it's a, but it's kind of a, it's a certain, right, straightforward, defined 10% or 11% and you get it monthly and you can test this yourself. Natalie, I would challenge you to test it, walk down the street and find 100 people and say would you rather have 30% a year over the next 20 years? But you're going to get 40% drawdowns and 40 volatility, it'll be three times as volatile as the S and P index. And some years you won't make any money and some years you'll make a lot of money, but it'll be 30%. Or would you rather have a bank account that pays 10% where you can take your money out whenever you want, but you'll just collect 10% while you're waiting? Now ask them. Take the survey. I would think like if you were to say 95% of the market wants a 10% bank account they don't have to pay tax on and only 5% wants the 30% a year, I think that that's optimistic. That's probably to pro Bitcoin. I don't think 5% of retail investors want to hold Bitcoin and collect 30% a year tax deferred with a volatility that's double or triple the S and P you might find differently. I would suspect it's possible that that number is 1, 2%. Right. So the great mass of the retail investors, they want something which is 2x or 3x or 4x better than a bond fund, or they want something that looks like the S and P but without the drawdowns of the S and P. And so we're going to attract retail investors to the ecosystem when we take the best of equity, the best of credit and the best of crypto and we put the three together. So what does that mean? Equity is double digit returns and tax deferred gains. Credit is price stability, principal protection and low volatility and a very defined yield like defined consistent cash income crypto. Bitcoin is digital innovation transformation and 2,3,4x the productivity of the conventional economy. It's massive growth. Okay, so right now the retail investor, they have to choose between massive growth and a roller coaster that's pulling nine GS. That's Bitcoin. Or they have to take the S and P or the NASDAQ index and accept 50 to 20 volume with good years and bad years, but over time, 10% ARR or better. Or they have to accept a credit spread from an investment grade bond of 70 basis points, which means they're getting 4.5% interest and it's fully taxable as ordinary income. So you're a California resident, you're either getting 2% on your Apple bonds after tax, 2% but you feel safe, or you're getting 10 to 15% on your S and P and NASDAQ portfolio, but you're getting not much of any yield and you're on a small Kind of a, a conventional roller coaster or you buy bitcoin and you're getting 3x the roller coaster ride, you're getting better performance. But you know, for the last 137 days, people think that you're crazy, right? And so those are your three choices. I think that the way that we break that logjam is we simply engineer digital credit. That's, that's why that's been my passion for the past year. Can I actually take a 45 Vol 45 AR asset, which is Bitcoin, and strip 80 to 90% of the volatility off it, strip 80 to 9%, 90% of the risk off it, and let's give you something four to five times over collateralized. Let's create a double digit yield. Let's do it in a way that's a return of capital. So you get tax deferred or you get deferred tax treatment. So you get the benefits of equity, you get the performance of equity, you get the principal protection of credit or a bond, you get a defined yield, you get paid monthly in cash. If you want to reinvest it, you just reinvest the dividends back in the principal and it becomes like a consistent 11% tax deferred growing asset. And when you want to get off the roller coaster to pay your kids tuition or pay a tax bill, then you just withdraw your money or you sell, right? And for that to work, you can't have the volatility and the drawdowns of equity. You can't have the volatility drawdowns of bitcoin. You need some credit instrument and you need an issuer that's going to over collateralize it and you need to actively manage that credit instrument so as to create price stability. And so I think STRC or digital credit, in my opinion is the way that we draw the next cohort of retail investors into the space. And I don't know why we couldn't draw 10 to 100x as many. I would think if 2 to 4% or 2 to 5% of retail were able, by the way, if you find 5% of retail that like bitcoin, they're not going to allocate 100% of their capital to it, right? They're going to allocate some portion. So I think if we got 2 to 4% the first go around, I think we'll get to 20 to 40% with digital credit. And I think that that is in a way one of the killer applications of digital capital.

B (31:43)

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A (34:02)

Yeah, if you if you look at all the credit instruments, you know what are we doing? We're stripping volatility off of Bitcoin and extracting yield and eliminating currency risk and eliminating capital risk. So bitcoin is like 45 Vol. Over the past year with strike we managed to get that down to like 38. With stride and strife, we got it into the mid 20s. With stretch, we got it down into the teens or the low teens even for a while down into the single digits. And then all that volatility we stripped off then flows into MSTR, the common equity, which is 80. So what we're engaged in is volatility engineering. And if you ask the average person, right, do you want a bank account that pays you 10% or do you want a 30 year bond that pays you 12 but you gotta wait 30 years? Well, most people just want the 10% they don't want. Like they don't want an extra 2% if the volatility doubles. Like do you want 24 volume and 12 or do you want 10 volume and 10? Most people just want the truth is what they want is they want 10% and zero volume. I want zero volatility, zero duration. Give me double or triple the money market or quadruple the money market. So you can overthink this, but if you look at all of our credit experiments and we've done, I don't know, almost 20 different fixed income deals, okay, we did senior credit with EBITDA covenants and that was not scalable, so x that off the list. Then we did a bitcoin backed loan with Silvergate, but that creates too much collateral coverage risk and margin call risk, so x that off. And then we did convertible bonds, many of them, but they're all 144A offerings, which means it's illegal for retail to buy them. We can try to put lipstick on the pig and say, oh, it's 144, it's over the counter, it's whatever. Let me translate it. It's an illiquid market with about two or three dozen participants and it's illegal for you to buy it. How is it in any sense a good idea to create a product that's illegal for normal people to buy? That's stupid. Okay, so x that off the list, right? All the way. All Those things are 10x20x over collateralized. They trade like triple junk. Okay, so the market's broken, right? Like the market's broken. A bond that's got $70 of collateral for every $1 of liability trades with a credit spread like a going out of business Junk company. It's like it's broken. Why is it broken? The market's broken. You can't buy it. It's over the counter. What is over the counter? It's like 16 people get together in a back alley to trade with each other. And there's one dude making the market with a bid ask spread of 300 basis points. And they meet on Friday afternoon from 4 to 5 in the afternoon. And we call that 144A over the counter. It's an illiquid, broken, non transparent, crippled market. Okay, make that go away. So after you've gone to all that, now you start thinking about, well, how do I take it public? Well, it makes no sense to take a bond public. Like selling a five year bond and then taking it public as a listing makes no sense. Why? Well, because in four years, the bond's only got 12 months left. It's not a perpetual instrument. Okay, so that means that you've got this theta decay. You've got a decay in the value of the bond. Because of course, at some point it's only going to have 30 day useful life. Why would you create a public security that eventually dies? That's stupid. It's like silly. So you have to create a perpetual instrument to take it public. Ergo, preferred stock. So then we basically think, well, we'll create a perpetual preferred stock. And then we started by doing the straightforward thing. We'll just pay a 10% dividend or we'll pay 8% with a conversion rate. So those were two ideas. Strike and strife. And they were very successful. They were 10x more successful than all the other preferreds. And we learned a lot. But then what we realized is people don't want duration and they don't want complexity. So how do you value a convertible preferred stock? It's just too complicated for people to figure out. Okay, what is the duration of a 10% preferred that yields 10% forever? Well, you can calculate the Macaulay duration. It's a theoretical construct. It works out to be about 10 years when it's trading at Paris. So it's like a 10 year duration instrument. That's the same as like a 15, 18 year government bond. You're following the bond math here, Natalie. It's kind of complicated bond math. Right. If the bond has a 10 duration, then that means when interest rates fall 100 basis points, the bond should trade up 10%. How many retail investors understand that?

B (39:55)

Not many.

A (39:55)

Not many. Right. Duration math on a bond is complicated. But let me tell you what the problem with it is. If I have a duration of 10 and the forward interest rate expectation falls 100 basis point, the principal should trade up 10%. But when the forward interest rate falls or goes up 50 basis points, the bond falls 5%. So that means every time Jerome Powell is giving a speech, the theoretical value of a 10 duration instrument is moving plus or minus 10%. How many retail people want their assets to fall plus or minus 10% during a Fed press conference? When the perceived risk, if Bitcoin falls, the theoretical value of the collateral falls. So it's another way of saying that a long duration instrument has a lot of volatility. Okay, so I'm going to give you 10% instead of three. But the security might fall 20% or 10% over the next three months. That's what we created, Natalie. Okay, who wants that? By the way, it's a screaming home run for a credit investor. For example, if you think that SOFR is going to fall 150 basis points, and if you believe that Bitcoin is not going to zero, but it's going to trade sideways or it's going to appreciate 10%, the theoretical credit spread on something like STRF or STRD or STRK, the theoretical credit spread falls to 100 basis points or 50 basis points. Right now you're getting 6, 7, 8, 900 basis points. What does that mean? That means if you actually believe in Bitcoin and you think interest rates are falling and the company's misunderstood, you're going to buy that instrument at 100 bucks and it's going to trade at 250. Not look at your eyes, you're going to buy strike at 80 and it's going to trade to 160 because it's a long duration instrument. Okay, what's the theoretical value of an instrument that's currently trading with a market credit spread of 900 basis points? That should be valued with a credit spread of 300 basis points. It should trade up to the hundred, 200, 300, 400. So who wants the long duration credit instrument? It's someone that actually has a long view, a pro Bitcoin view. If Bitcoin is rerated as collateral by the Basel under the Basel rules, if banks start to custody it, if the credit rating agencies rate these things, then those long duration credit instruments have a capital gain potential of doubling or tripling. Okay, but it's like, well, what do you think about sofr? What do you think about the forward yield curve? What do you think about the credit rating agencies? What do you Think about the future of bitcoin. So that is an interesting investment. But notice how long it took me to talk about it. Okay.

B (43:03)

It's hard to understand. Yeah.

A (43:05)

Now let's move to retail. What do I want? I want to put my money in a bank. I want them to pay me 10%. I don't want the government to tax it. Okay. How long was that conversation? That was like 12 seconds. Okay, well, what if interest rates fall? It doesn't matter. What if the credit of the company improves or falls? It doesn't matter. What if bitcoin quadruples? Doesn't matter. What if bitcoin gets cut in half? Doesn't matter. What matters? Well, I'm getting paid 4% or 3.5% and it's taxable and the government keeps half. So I'm getting 180 basis points on my money market or I'm getting 11.25% and the government doesn't tax it. Do I need to know anything else? Not really. Okay, well, what's the risk? Well, Bitcoin might go to zero forever. Okay, so you've got existential risk to Bitcoin. Right. And then you have to trust this company strategy. Okay, well, how much capital do they have? Yeah, well, we just went and raised $9 billion to support your credit instrument. Right. We'll sell, we will raise a billion dollars a week if necessary. Right. Well, what did they say? They said they're targeting 100 bucks. What are they going to do if it doesn't trade to 100 bucks? They're going to raise the dividend rate. Have they done that? Yeah, five times. Okay, so why are we focused on strc? Well, because at the end of the day there's a $300 trillion credit market. And that $300 trillion credit market is collecting 4 to 500 basis points and it's all taxable. And in order to get to 450 or 500 basis points, you have to accept credit risk of a junk bond. You have to accept the credit risk of an investment grade company. You have to accept the illiquidity of private credit. The Blue Owl is currently in the news right now. They suspended redemptions and people are freaking out over well, what if I can't get my money out again? So you're either accepting illiquidity or liquidity risk or you're accepting credit risk or you're accepting duration risk. I'm holding. You know, Google just sold a hundred year bond. You have to wait 100 years to get your money back. Who Bought that? Why did they buy that? Okay, so duration, credit, liquidity and then currency risk you might have to accept, you might get a higher yield in a certain currency and then you're accepting the currency risk to the dollar itself. You're accepting all those risks in order to get. What do you get? You get a 70 basis point spread for investment grade. You get 70 basis points more than the US government would pay you if you buy a bond from Microsoft or Apple. Or you get 275 basis points if you buy a junk bond. Or you get maybe 350 basis points if you buy private credit, which is illiquid, which is invested in a heterogeneous portfolio of private companies with 10,000 pages of complicated contracts that may or may not work out for you. That is the credit market. Now ask the question. You're the retail investor. Do you want duration risk? No. Do you want currency risk? No. Do you want credit risk? No. Do you want to be able to get your money back? Yeah. Do you want volatility? No. What do you want? Give me two to four times more than the money market and I don't want to pay tax on it. Right. I want good tax treatment. I want the same deferred capital gains tax treatment that I get from holding a long term investment. So give me a fair tax treatment so I can compound my assets and my investments over time, give me some stability and strip away all these other things. So what, what that tells us is, is strategy. At the end of our journey we realize that there's no point in creating bond type credit because a bond's always going to be short lived, inefficient, illiquid, and it's always going to be fully ordinary income taxable. So it's tax inefficient, it's market inefficient. No point in doing it. It's not a benefit to the investor. These longer duration instruments, they're for professional investors. If you're a credit investor with a 10 year horizon and you have an opinion on Bitcoin and the Federal Reserve, you could double your money by buying one of our long dated credit instruments. Is it a good idea for you? Absolutely. Right. It's a, you know you can, you can collect 1012 percent for 100 years on a credit instrument and if the credit spreads compress, you'll double or triple your money. But retirees, right? 75 year old retired chief master sergeants in the air force, they don't want that. Right. And I guess the last point I'll make is in this journey we kept iterating, we're like, well, let's get rid of the defects of senior bonds, let's get rid of the defects of asset backed bonds. Let's get rid of the defects of convertible bonds. Let's get rid of the defects of perpetual preferreds. And then people were like, well, you know, can I just have the money monthly? You know, it's like, what do they want? They want stability, give me a stable price, give me monthly cash income. Monthly, by the way. Because we couldn't do weekly or daily. Like if the NASDAQ or the conventional market supported daily or hourly, we'd be doing that. That's an upgrade that a crypto entrepreneur can put in. You can create a stablecoin or a savings coin, maybe like a buck token or something like that where maybe you'll actually stream the dividend hourly or stream it daily. And that's interesting. It's just we couldn't do it in the container of a NASDAQ listed preferred security efficiently. So we created the most efficient stream of fixed income. We created the most tax efficient stream of fixed income. We created the simplest possible instrument. And the five year journey for the company is this is Bitcoin as digital capital. Spend a thousand hours and you'll agree with me, but you'll still have to deal with brutal 45% drawdowns. And you know, for some periods everyone's going to hate and make fun of you, right? That's one extreme and the other. And I'll spend hundreds of hours to explain why. Bitcoin is economic freedom and empowerment and financial sovereignty and a breakthrough in digital energy and the greatest thing in the history of money. And after I've done that, 95% of conventional investors still won't quite understand it. And the Warren Buffetts and the Carl Icahns of the world, they probably won't necessarily jump on that freight train with 10 or 20 or $50 billion of their capital. That's one extreme. The other extreme is would you like a bank account that pays you 11%? That's tax deferred STRC. Okay, that was a, that was, that was a thousand hours. This is ten seconds. Okay, so you, at the end of the day, here's what I realize, right? The world doesn't want you to write 10,000 pages of history to explain what's going on. They don't have time to read. They don't have a thousand hours to read it all. Okay? The world doesn't want that. The world doesn't necessarily want 150 hours of explaining why they should get on the crypto roller coaster and accept exhilaration, you know, and beat downs and everything in the middle and endure the toxicity. The world just wants the answer, and they don't want the answer even in 10 seconds. They want the product. They want the iPhone. Right. It's like I want air conditioning. It's like we were talking about, you know, like, how much time do you spend thinking about the water you drink or the cool air or the electric light? It's like someone just gave it to me. Do I think about it? Not at all. Do I like it? Yeah. Give me a pill. I take it once a day. I don't know how you manufacture it. It makes my problem go away. And in this case, you know, the greatest product in the world. It's like, like if I could cast a spell on you, Natalie, you'll be happy and indestructible and immortal and have, you know, omniscience, and you'll be omnipotent and all powerful and you'll never want for anything ever again. And everyone will love you and agree with you. Well, how long that's going to take? Five seconds. Okay, well, sign me up. Just give me that. Just give me that. What is STRC? Oh, yeah. You buy it, it pays you 10, 11, it pays you double digit dividend, it's tax deferred. If you give it to your heirs, then the basis steps up again. And so you can collect dividends for 10 years without paying tax. And then they can collect dividends for 10 years and not. And without paying tax. And what do I have to worry about? Nothing. Okay, well, that's what you want, you know, that's what you want from Coca Cola. That's what you want from American Airlines, that's what you want from Boeing, that's what you want from Apple, that's what you want from whatever. Just give me the solution. And you know, like, how many people want to study petrochemical engineering for 10,000 hours and then set up their own oil refinery and they're back backyard. Or their own nuclear reactor? Nobody. How many people want infinite free electricity forever? Everybody. It's like the value, right? The commercialization is take the technology, put it into a package that is simple, that's straightforward, give it to the public. You know, it's like, well, okay, but we're gonna have to trust you. Yeah, like you had to trust Kellogg cereal. Like you had to trust Kraft ketchup. Like you have to trust Stan. You know what they called it Standard Oil because it was the oil that didn't catch fire in the lamp or didn't clog the engine because it was standardized. It was always the same purity, the same quality. It's like, what is this? Ketchup? This is the ketchup where if you actually put it on your food, it doesn't give you disease, it doesn't give you food poisoning. It's like, safe. Right. And so is there a precedent for consumers trusting companies to give them things that they love? Yeah. Dupont's slogan, better living through chemistry. And when chemistry became politically incorrect, it became better living through technology. Right. It's like, you know, it's like we make fun of all that. And then you're like, well, and then there's polyester and there's lycra and there's nylon and there. And, you know, and there's all the, all these petrochemical products. And turns out we built the world with them. And so I, I think that bitcoin is growing up. And we're moving from the early adopters, the hobbyists that you remember. It used to be people like radio. They're like ham radio operators, and they have a little antenna in their backyard, and they have a ham radio set up in their workshop, and they would study the semaphores and they would study the, the physics, and they would form clubs, and then they would get into their workshop and then they would broadcast, you know, over the radio network. And people thought that was just great. And. And then eventually you got to the point where six year olds have a mobile phone in their hand and like, no one does ham radio anymore. Right? Like that. But that's how the industry started. And it used to be that you had to be a. You had to be very technically astute.

B (55:56)

Right.

A (55:56)

In order to participate. And how did we commercialize radio? We put 6 billion mobile devices into the hands of teenagers and we gave them TikTok, and that's how we commercialized radio. And we were so good at it that now we have to actually pass laws to stop people from using the radio. Now we're upset that they spend too much time playing with their radio. And I think that bitcoin will go through the same transition. We'll go from hobbyist and ideologues and technology visionaries to eventually the point where 8 billion people, they just have the digital assets, the digital capital, it's all on their phone. It's like, oh, yeah, well, we just move it around. But we move it around in a savings Coin, a stable coin, a security crypto asset.

B (56:47)

Yeah, well most people don't understand how the Internet works but they obviously use it every day. They don't understand how their iPhone is put together, but they use it. And it is like that video you mentioned, you holding the iPhone saying everybody's going to want this. And Stretch seems to be that product that addresses the main market need of not wanting volatility but wanting a stable cash dividend. You have a 2 plus year Runway for it with cash. MSTR is still trading at a premium. You guys still are buying bitcoin, but yet every time I see you on these news programs it seems like they're expecting bitcoin to go to zero and you've gone from hero to oh my gosh, what's happening? Bitcoin's dying. Do you ever feel like they're rooting for you to fail? And how do you deal with that swing in sentiment?

A (57:33)

The struggle is real. The struggle is real. But to be more serious, when bitcoin is hitting all time highs, there's a sense of exuberance and all of the media turns positive and, and it's glowing and people are doing high fives and when it draws down there's a gloominess to it and then people over forecast to the negative. I think that it's the volatility that drives the engagement and the interest and the speculation. And there's something to talk about and they're talking about us. You know what they're not talking about is they're not talking about real estate on the Upper east side of Manhattan. They're not talking about timber rights people, they talk about all these non volatile assets. Well, non volatile assets means there's no news and if there's no news there's no interest. When I operated public company there was a period when we rage quit the capital markets when we were just so unhappy with the way that the capital markets treated us, we just stopped participating. So I don't know how it was many years where we would put out a press release each quarter saying this is the results. But we didn't do a conference call, we didn't do television, we didn't do interviews. So it's like, well just read the numbers, value the company as they will. And in a conventional company you have information released once a quarter. So there are four times a year, four windows a year where there might be information where you might trade the stock four days and you're expected to not surprise the market. Which means that if you're a well, run conventional company, you give guidance and then you hit the guidance, plus or minus. And it's really not very interesting. And so someone could pretty much value one of those companies by making a decision once a year. So once a year, I decide to buy or to hold the stock and how much to hold. And then like, no news is good news and there's nothing else going on. And that's boring, not volatile. And then when we got into bitcoin, we realized, well, we're holding this asset. And guess what? But our website updates every 15 seconds, Natalie. Okay, so think about this cycle. We went from updating the financial markets with material news every 12 weeks, once every 12 weeks, to updating the financial markets every 15 seconds. Okay? So, yeah, you're going to have weeks where bitcoin is going to be down. Every time Bitcoin moves $10,000, the company makes or loses $8 billion, $7 billion. $1,000 is $700 million. Okay, let me put this in perspective. It used to be the company worked for an entire year to make $70 million.

B (60:58)

That's so crazy to think.

A (60:59)

So every hundred dollars, every hundred dollar fluctuation in bitcoin is the equivalent of one year's work. So what we've done is we have plugged a energy source, a volatility generator or an economic energy generator directly into the balance sheet. And the bitcoin cycle drives a news cycle. The news cycle drives bitcoin trading. Everybody is obsessing. So you're on television and someone's obsessing, well, could it go lower? Well, there's someone who's a skeptic that's thinking maybe I should short the stock. I think I'm going to go and take $100 million out of my piggy bank and I'm going to short and I'm going to short it 100 million. But you know what? They have to buy that back, right? Unless they're lucky enough to short a stock which goes immediately to zero, forever. It's only a question of when are they going to have to buy $100 million back? Right, they're going to have to buy it back. So you're attracting some group of people that want to trade short, but there's another group of people, they're like, well, this is totally overdone. And bitcoin is definitely going to go back to where it was. And so I'm going to get in and I'm going to crack my piggy bank open and I'm going to buy $100 million. Now if you didn't have the volatility, the short seller would have not bet 100 million on your company. And the long player would not have bet 100 million on your company. And the market makers in the middle and the options traders, they wouldn't have traded both. And then the Susquehanna's of the world, they can create derivatives. I'm going to give you a call option to go 100 million but only post 5 million in collateral. I'm going to give you a put option so you can go 100 million short and only post 5 million in collateral. I'm going to make a million dollars doing that either way. Everybody's making a financial market in this. Okay, so it used to be the Wall Street Journal, they would only write about you if you're a public company. They don't write about private companies. Why? Because you can't. Because every story is irrelevant. I can't buy or sell the thing I'm reading about. Why would I read about something if I can't buy it? Sell it, leverage it, gamble on it, make money off it. Right now the word is interesting. The classic word in the English language for I have an interest in that company is I own. I have a interest in the company means I own x percent of the company. I have an interest in the company. I've shorted it. If you're short the company, the last thing you want to read is good news. It's terrifying to you. So someone says, oh, some great thing just happened at Strategy, okay, you got to read it. If you have a long interest in the company, what you want to hear is good news. Okay, the bitcoin price doubled, right? How do you make a company interesting? Okay, well first of all, you take it public. But that's first order interesting because now there's a ticker. But I just illustrated if you're a well run conventional public company, you're only interesting once a year or once every 12 weeks because you never say anything otherwise there's news one day out of 100, 1% of the time you're interesting. If you're a conventional company and you're not supposed to be that interesting, you're supposed to never surprise me. So the number of companies that can surprise me to the upside, every quarter, 40 quarters in a row, Natalie, that's 1 in 100. So 1% of the time you're interesting and 1% of 1% of the time you're interesting in the right direction. You know, which is 1 in 10,000, right? 1, 100th of 1% of the time. Will that turn out well? Okay, that's the conventional playbook. Now, how do you take a company and make it interesting every day? How about, how do you make it interesting? Every 15 seconds, you take it public. Then you put a lot of bitcoin on the balance sheet, and then you let the bitcoin vibrate. Right. Oscillate. And that makes the company 100x more interesting. No, 1000x more interesting. Maybe 10,000 times interesting. Now, if you go to our website, one thing on our website is an update. You know, you find out we made or lost a billion dollars every few minutes.

B (65:49)

Yep.

A (65:50)

Right? It's like every few minutes. That's more news than we generated in the first 20 years of the company.

B (65:56)

Natalie, you make us feel better about our portfolios.

A (65:59)

Okay, it's like whatever. $10,000, $7 billion plus or minus. What's a $50,000 draw? $35 billion. Okay, okay, so it's a $35 billion drawdown. I guess that's going to arouse interesting passions. But here's the other point. If you go to the charts tab, you can actually chart all of these securities and all these assets versus each other. And one of the cool metrics we've got is, is open interest divided by market cap. And we benchmark open interest of MSTR versus Tesla versus Nvidia versus Google or Apple. Do you care to guess which company has the Highest open interest versus market cap out of that entire MAG7 group strategy? Our company. It's not even close, Natalie. I bet, like, we're 80% of the market cap is open interest, and some of these other companies are. These are the seven greatest companies in the world, Natalie. 4%, 5%. Not interesting. The greatest companies in the world doing the most important thing in the world an order of magnitude less interesting. If you look at average daily trading volume, the liquidity per market cap, who do you think is number one strategy? We are. Okay. How did we manage to become the most liquid, most interesting company? It's very simple. It's like back to Ironman. The idea of the Ironman super suit is really cool, but you need the power source to actually power up the Ironman suit. You need an extreme power source in the balance sheet of the company. And the power source is bitcoin. Right. It's digital capital. So, you know, when you go onto these things, it's tough, you know, taking your beatings during the bear market. And you just have to be cheerful and constructive and keep pointing out no Actually, we're fine. It doesn't matter. We'll be good. You know, we're just. It's all going to work out very well, you know, and you have to explain why and then you have to keep coming back. And having said all that, they wouldn't want to talk to you. If you're a conventional holder of non volatile assets, when's the last time you saw someone representing a real estate investment trust of diversified port portfolio of Midwestern real estate on television talking about the bear market in real estate and how they're going to weather the storm?

B (68:48)

Couldn't name them.

A (68:51)

Can you even name one? Can you name a reit?

B (68:54)

No.

A (68:56)

They're well managed with diversified portfolios of non volatile assets. Do you care? No. Are you interested? No. Okay, so. So it's pretty critical that you be interesting. And the reason people want to talk, right, the reason you draw this toxicity, you draw the highest highs, the lowest lows, the greatest extreme, is because it truly is interesting. And the breakthrough of the crypto economy is to create a financial asset which is interesting globally, 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Because you see, if I want to cripple a financial asset, let me show you how I cripple it. I make it illegal for anyone outside the US to buy, right? That's your first step down. Then I make it impossible for you to trade except 9, 30 to 4. That's the second step down. Then I force you to go through all sorts of AML KYC and take three months to set up the account. So I make it very difficult. Four step down, third. And then I maybe limit you and require you of $100 million of capital and be a qualified investor to buy it. It's another step down, right? If I just keep stepping it down, I cripple access, maybe. Then I take it off the exchange, I make it a private instrument, I make it 144A or I make it totally private. And it's another crippling step down, by the way. Then give it a six letter ticker instead of a four letter ticker. Hard to remember. Can you name any publicly traded stocks with a five or six letter ticker?

B (70:49)

Metaplanet.

A (70:51)

It's hard, right? Like 1 in 1000, 1 in 100. It's hard. How about if I give it a CUSIP number? What if it was like Ko19 9742? So there's a lot of ways to make something uninteresting, right? Make it difficult. And yet the crypto industry went the Other direction, right? What if everybody on earth, what if anybody can trade this thing in 60 seconds by downloading an app to their mobile phone? How do you actually give access to the instrument in China, by the way? We had a bank holiday the other day. It's illegal to buy or sell publicly listed securities. It's like what happens when the government of whatever country just decides to unilaterally declare 60 days to be holiday. It can't trade on Saturday, you can't trade on Sunday, you can't trade on President's Day, you can't trade on the 4th of July. You can't trade. You can't, can't, can't, can't, can't, can't, can't, can't, right? They're all crippling. They all cripple the financial markets, right? And the point that I made that day was on a bank holiday, you know, you can move any amount of Bitcoin for 44 cents, a billion dollars for 44 cents in a few minutes. And so what we have here is a digital revolution. If you get it, you get it. It's so obvious. It's money wants to move at the speed of light. 24, 7, 365. Waterfalls don't stop on bank holidays. Electricity, lightning doesn't stop on bank holidays. Gravity doesn't stop on bank holidays. Holidays, right? Guns, they don't get deactivated on certain holy days. They work all the time, right? The things that are actually changing the world, whether it's an iPhone or running water or electricity or airplanes, they work regardless of the opinion of a politician that would like to intervene to make them not work. The reason bitcoin is winning, the reason that digital capital is winning, is because things that move at the speed of light, friction free, 24, 7, 365 globally, that can be programmed by an AI that can be vibrated or transformed a million times a second, are going to displace in a brutal Darwinian fashion, right? They're slower, clumsier, you know, antecedents or precedents. You know, it's like the things that came before, right, are going to be squeezed out of the economy and out of the marketplace. Because. Because the thing that comes later is just better.

B (73:53)

Before we start to wrap up, I want to cover a really important topic which is quantum. We have that saying in bitcoin, don't trust verify. But a lot of people, people are just not technical enough to be able to verify. Is quantum actually an existential threat? I know you guys made an announcement recently A strategy with regards to quantum and the future, making sure that Bitcoin is quantum proof. Can you kind of explain to people why you don't see this as such a risk that seems to be priced in at some point?

A (74:22)

So first of all, the consensus of the cybersecurity community, broadly held, is that quantum risk, if it exists, is more than 10 years out. It's not this decade thing. Whether or not there will be a quantum threat or a quantum risk is a question that is yet to be decided. But there's certainly no consensus that there is any threat right now or that there will be a threat materializing anytime soon. Should a quantum risk materialize at that point, then you're going to see an upgrade in the software that runs the global banking system, the global Internet, consumer devices, all the crypto networks, the Bitcoin network, everything digital, the AI networks, all of those networks that we rely on today, whether they're governmental or financial or consumer or defense related, they're going to get upgraded with post quantum resistant cryptography. It won't be a surprise. You'll see it coming. We will all see it coming. Bitcoin software, right? Bitcoin Core Version 30. Right now we're debating over upgrading from version 29 to version 30. The software does change. If you've got 30 versions of Bitcoin, bitcoin core, in an asset which is 17 years old, do the math in your head and figure out how long it takes for versions of this stuff to roll out. The nodes will upgrade, the hardware will upgrade, the wallets will upgrade, the exchanges will upgrade. How will they upgrade? Well, wait 10 years, there will be global consensus about the best way to deal with it. There is no global consensus right now because there isn't a credible threat right now. Right. So why do I not worry about it? Well, because everybody with anything at stake, whether it's Google or Microsoft or Apple or Coinbase or BlackRock or Strategy or the US government or the Russian government or the EU government or the Chinese government or JP Morgan or Morgan selling, they all have to deal with the same issue. We all have digital systems that would be, that would be at risk if there was a credible quantum threat. If and when it materializes, I expect that there will be some software or hardware or both reaction to it. The crypto community is actually the most sophisticated cybersecurity community. If you look at the security protocols that are used to move crypto around, they're all multi factor authentication with hardware keys, et cetera. If you consider the security protocols used to move bank wires around or used to trade stocks. There are orders of magnitude weaker right now. I'm not going to elaborate on them for obvious reasons, but anyone that's actually engaged in a stock transaction or bank wire transaction, or a credit card transaction, or a check transaction, or any kind of consumer finance transaction or communication transaction, knows that the steps you go through in order to move Bitcoin out of cold storage or to transfer it to someone else, especially when you're moving it at scale, are extremely sophisticated. So I think that the crypto security community will be the first, you know, to perceive the threat and to react to the threat. And they'll be leading the way. We have announced a bitcoin security program. Coinbase obviously has a security program. In fact, a lot of the money that I contribute earlier, early to the bitcoin core dev to the bitcoin development process was actually to bitcoin security programs like the MIT bitcoin security program. So I think that all of us that are large bitcoin holders or users are in the industry. We know the security of the network is paramount. But I don't actually think that the quantum narrative is the greatest security threat to Bitcoin right now. I don't think it has been. People joke, they've been concerned and talk about it every two years for the past 15 years. I actually think that there are a hundred narratives that people discuss that might be a security threat. Is there a bandwidth problem? Is there a nation state attack vector? Does it have enough functionality? Does it have too much functionality? Is it evolving too quickly? Is it not evolving fast enough? Is it sufficiently decentralized, et cetera, et cetera? Should we make it easier to run on an iPhone? Should we make it not easier to run on an iPhone? The number of debates about what's good for bitcoin are mind numbing. And there are many of them. They will continue. Quantum will be one. It used to be. There's a debate, well, the Chinese, they'll control all the mining. Then it's like the Chinese control the mining equipment. Oh, there might be a back door. The mining equipment. Oh, no, the Chinese ban bitcoin mining. Chinese ban bitcoin mining equipment. They don't, you know, Chinese don't like bitcoin anymore. It's like the debates, they, they vary from there's a risk to oh, no, there isn't a risk. Oh, if you know, why don't the Chinese like bitcoin, right? And at some point it gets silly because it's 100 of them. I would say at this point, and the reason we're talking about quantum is because all of the other risk did not materialize. A decade ago, people fought the block size wars, the entire block size wars. There's books written about it. You can go back. And the narrative was bitcoin will fail because it doesn't have enough bandwidth. Okay? And people fought bitterly over this. And a few days ago I posted a screenshot, you know, of Clark Moody's dashboard, and it showed that the fee structure of Bitcoin was 1sat per V byte for instantaneous performance. 1sat, 1sat, 1sat, 1 sat. In essence, there is no bandwidth problem in the bitcoin network. A decade after the block size wars, people fought and died over that narrative. It was a non issue. Eventually the free market solved the problem, right? And at the end of the day, you always have this dynamic between the alarmist, the ambitious opportunist, or the idealist out there, if you want to be charitable, the idealistic intellectuals, you could call them that. You could call them the ambitious opportunist if you like. They posit, Bitcoin will boil the oceans. Bitcoin will fail because you can't self custody. Bitcoin will fail because of bandwidth. Bitcoin will fail, blah blah, blah. And then this follows. It pops up as we can't use nuclear energy, it'll blow up the world. We can't have nuclear power. We're going to ball the oceans. They're climate alarmists. They're, they're whatever, alarmists. There's 150 narratives that people spin up and every one of them is a way to accumulate, to glean interest, engagement. I want influence or I want capital or I want power. And so it's very important that we vaccinate every 3 year old on earth at the cost of $10,000 a vaccine shot against, you know, yo yo disease, the one that I just found that hypothetically might well be an issue. And so please give me $100 billion and let's declare martial law and let's make it, you know, illegal for parents not to do this because I'm here to save the world. And so it's this God complex or intellectual save the world context. It's been going on for thousands of years, Natalie. It's in the political process and the crypto process and the bitcoin process. So the fact of the matter is none of the narratives that were going to stop Bitcoin or threaten Bitcoin ever panned out. They all turned out to Be incorrect. The scalability. We have to stop spam. Oh, no, we didn't. We have to create smart contracts to create scam. No, we don't. We have to double the boxes. No, we didn't. The miners. The miners are going to go bankrupt. No, they didn't. No. Mine Bitcoin. Yes, they will. The Chinese will stop it. Yes, they did. No, they didn't. Yes, they did. No, they didn't. They need to endorse it. They can't endorse it. Right. It needs to be private. No, it doesn't. Right. All of these things, they're all narratives. It used too much energy. No, it didn't. It'll boil the ocean. It didn't. Quantum will hack it. No, it won't. Right. And what is it that people are missing here? Well, first of all, 99 out of 100 of these narratives, they benefit the ambitious opportunists because now they become famous. Al Gore makes hundreds of millions of dollars preaching that the climate is going to collapse, right? And 25 years later, it didn't happen. Somebody gets rich. ESG worked, but it didn't happen. But the point is, if I wasn't preaching it, how am I getting rich? Right? So the point is, it's a business. So what you have is this economic and political amplification of alarmist narratives because it benefits the politician, it benefits the entrepreneur, it benefits those that have a will to money or power. Right? And how am I supposed to get rich if I don't? Like, we basically, at one point, we decided that you had to stand six feet away from each other and wear a mask. And the government needed to buy a hundred billions of dollars of masks. And if you didn't wear the mask, you're going to jail. And it's like someone sold the masks, Right? And so there is a very powerful feedback with these narratives. And once you realize that, you realize that 99 out of 100 narratives are just a way for someone to accumulate money and power, and you ought to be skeptical of those narratives. And the last point, the famous president said it. He said, you see 10 problems driving down the road at you. Nine of them are going to drive themselves into a ditch before they get to you. Right? And so how do I get rich, Natalie? Well, I. I convince you that it's possible that you're going to trip on a rock and, and break your leg and not be able to work. And so I saw you trip on a rock. Insurance. What's that cost? That's going to cost you 1% of your annual income, the trip on a rock, insurance. And then someone else comes along and says, well, you know, you might get a sneezing attack, Natalie, and I'm going to sell you sneezing attack insurance. And what's that going to cost you? That's going to cost you 1%, because if you get the sneezing attack thing, then you won't be able to work. And so another guy comes along and he convinces you that, you know, there's a hypothetical chance that your children will have autism. And so we're going to sell you, you know, the autism vaccine, whatever, and that'll cost you 2%. And then someone else comes along and they're like, well, you know, it's quite possible that you'll be driving the car and something will happen and you'll wreck the car. You won't be able to work again. So here's like, you know, vocational insurance for driving of the car. And I come up with like a hundred possible things, and each of them is 0.5, oh, 1% likely. And the collective, all of them is 1% likely to happen to you. But I sell you insurance that sucks up 100% of your income. So if you insure for every one of these parade of horribles, every hypothetical possible thing, you're bankrupt. So you are 100% likely to be bankrupt because you bought insurance against 100 things that were 1% likely to happen. And by the way, if you had bought insurance against none of them, a decade would have gone by and you'd be like 1% likely to have one of them. And you would have just upgraded your iPhone software and the problem would have gone away. And it's like, but the person that's selling you the insurance isn't going to make a billion dollars if you just wait 10 years and upgrade your iPhone software and it goes away. How am I supposed to get rich on that? How am I supposed to get elected to be governor of a state if I don't spin up a narrative that is a doom narrative? The danger is when anything gets weaponized by an entrepreneur, it's like, I want to raise money so I can hire a bunch of quantum resistant developers, or I want you to sell bitcoin and buy quantum resistant yo yo coins. Or I want to be elected mayor. And the problem is that there's hypothetically radioactive something. In 10 years, the drinking water will be radioactive if we let nuclear reactors get built somewhere in the state five years from now. And that's why you should give me all your Money so I can be elected mayor now, so I can pass a law to prevent the hypothetical problem 8,700 years from now. And of course, what you see, of course, is when you have enough of these issues. I've had lawyers, I've had lawyers say, well, you know, you can't do that because hypothetically, in 15 years, after 15 appeals, like, there might be a quasi liability if you were to do this and that and the other thing. I'm like, well, you know, we're going to go out of business next month if we do what you said. But in 15 years, hypothetically, there's a 0.01% chance that we might have to pay 0.01% of our money to solve, solve the problem. But they're like, oh, well, I guess if you look at it that way, then I guess you're right. It's like, and that, and that is pretty much the legalistic view. And so politicians tend to be lawyers, idealistic intellectuals tend to be thinking that way. Ambitious opportunists think that way. You know, I can basically point to the fall of the British Empire. I can point to the fall of a whole bunch of states. I can point to Easter Island, I can show you the, the fall of the Roman Empire, the fall of the Carthaginian Empire. Every great city, every great mercantile network, every great empire, every great corporation, it all starts to collapse at the point that someone's like, well, you know, out of an abundance of caution, maybe we need to prevent this or we need to do that, right? And I would say this entire quantum fear is just the latest quantified because there's nothing else to talk about. And I can no longer raise money by saying that Bitcoin needs to be more scalable or have smart contracts or whatever. So this is the only way to be relevant and get attention. And so, you know, when this one falls, someone will say, well, you know, like at some point, you know, we're going to, we're going to upgrade to nanobots in the head and hollow bands. And Bitcoin is not hollow band nanobot ready. And we're going to need to invest a lot of money in, you know, hollow band nanobot chains because, you know, otherwise your Bitcoin is going to be worthless. It is like someone will say it, I guarantee it, because that's the story of humanity since time immemorial. And ultimately you're either going to have a constructive, optimistic view, which is, you know, something will happen and we'll just take advantage of upgrade the software or upgrade the networks to take advantage of the new technology and we'll all be richer and happier and live happily ever after. That's one view. Or something's going to happen and we're just too stupid to figure out how to react to it and we're just going to lose everything. And so therefore I should just give all my money to this ambitious opportunist who's preaching that the world's going to end. Why don't I just give all my money to them? Because I'm too stupid. It's silly, but it's predictable. And what I would say is the back of the Hitchhiker's guide to the galaxy, right? It's like, don't panic. At the end of the day, lots of things will happen in the future. The human race will react to the things. The people that chose to put their money at a bank in cyberspace, they will probably upgrade the hardware and the software and the methodologies that protect the bank in cyberspace when they feel they to. Until that time, there's a hundred other things you're probably better off to use that bandwidth. Worrying about look both ways when you cross the street because you don't want to be that egghead intellectual that walks in front of a truck because they're worried about the 0.01% likely quantum threat that would be easily deflected with the iPhone update, right? Or a 20 second click on this and negate. You know, it's not even that difficult because Natalie, you're not going to have a choice when and if there is a cybersecurity threat. Your business software is getting upgraded, your bank software's getting upgraded, the government software is getting upgraded, the crypto network software is getting upgraded. It's almost going to be damn near impossible. Did you ever make a decision to upgrade all your systems to Y2K friendliness? Do you even recall that?

B (93:13)

I do recall that time period and everyone was terrified and it ended up being nothing.

A (93:18)

Everybody in the world was terrified. The war was coming to an end and it was nothing. But you know what? Billions of people didn't do anything, couldn't have done anything, couldn't have stopped it. It was a non issue and it would just be one of 10,000 examples of nothings get arrested that get overcome by the human race every few years.

B (93:46)

Okay, so I have an interesting question for you. What do you think is the strongest argument against Bitcoin right now and why do you reject it?

A (93:57)

The strongest argument against Bitcoin right now is it's novel, it's new. And as new it's not. You know, it's only been around for a number of years. And maybe I want to, before I trust my entire life to it, I want to see it around longer. Right. It took 30 years for people to embrace electricity. Bitcoin's been around for 17 years. So someone might very well say, okay, well, you know, did I wait until 17 years after the airplane got invented? Right. The airplane is 1903. How many people had flown in a passenger jet or passenger airline by 1920? You know, maybe it's still early and I just want to see more people, you know, than me try it out first and then I'll follow it. So will it take 20 years? Will it take 30 years? Will it take 40 years? The world's full of profound innovations that eventually were embraced by everybody. But it took more than 17 years. And I think the answer is time. Right? The early pioneers. It's like how many years after the automobile was invented before the Model T, Ford comes along and how many years before, after the Model T, before everybody had the car? There's a natural process of taking, taking innovative technology, building it into a consumer device or an industrial device. Right. And, and then having enough of a track record that people are willing to bet their life or their, or their reputation on it. And I think we're in that process of commercialization now.

B (95:51)

That's fair. So before your final thoughts, I just was curious. You don't seem bothered at all by cost basis. And a lot of people right now are trying to find the bottom, and obviously a lot of people are looking at the technical charts, but you just seem unfazed. You're just buying at any price. Can you sort of address that for those especially who are like, well, if maybe you think it's going to go lower, why not accumulate at a lower cost basis?

A (96:16)

Well, you could think of us as dollar cost averaging, but the key point is we're using equity, we're not taking out a loan. Okay? So when we're buying bitcoin, if we sell equity and then we buy bitcoin, then we bought the Bitcoin at 100,000 a coin. If we buy the Bitcoin at 200,000 a coin, by selling equity, we're simply swapping. We're doing a perpetual risk free swap. We're swapping equity for bitcoin. Right. When should you swap equity for bitcoin? Whenever it's accretive. Right. If bitcoin traded up 10%, but our equity traded up 25%, then it's accretive. It's profitable to swap the equity for the Bitcoin. If bitcoin then trades down 20%, are you glad you did it? Sure you are, because you wouldn't have had the Bitcoin otherwise. And Bitcoin falls 10%, our equity falls 20%. You see, at that point you've actually de risked the equity. There's less risk to the equity if you're actually putting a stable asset underneath the equity, especially if you're doing the swaps at a premium. So, so the only real question is, is it accretive? Like, is it profitable to the shareholders to actually do the swap? Right. There's a level at which it's profitable to swap preferred stock for bitcoin. There's a level at which it's profitable to swap equity, common equity for Bitcoin. When you've done that, it doesn't really much matter. It is irrelevant what the future trajectory of is a bitcoin. If you're swapping common equity for bitcoin because there is no continuing liability for the next thousand years, right? There is a theoretical path where it was dilutive to swap preferred. So for example, if I'm paying 10% dividends on the preferred and Bitcoin returns 5% for the next hundred years, then swapping preferred for Bitcoin over 100 years will turn out to be dilutive to the common stock shareholders. So there's a more complicated calculation for swapping digital credit for bitcoin. The calculation for swapping common equity for Bitcoin is fairly simple. Now, if you swap debt, if you swap debt that comes due in 10 years, that costs you 5% for Bitcoin, well then you need Bitcoin to appreciate more than 5% over 10 years for that to not be dilutive. Right? Now, if I swap bitcoin for margin debt, like if I simply borrow the money to buy the Bitcoin at 10x leverage, say I buy a billion dollars of bitcoin, post 100 million of collateral and I do it on an exchange. If bitcoin trades down 10%, you get forced, liquidated, you lose your $100 million. So why is that risky? That's because you're borrowing the money for one minute. So the real issue is what's the duration of the swap? Are you actually taking a 1 minute flash loan to buy bitcoin? If so, then the price of bitcoin that you paid versus where it is now matters a lot. Did you borrow the money for a Decade. Well then it will matter in a decade. Did you borrow the money perpetually. So you're never paying it back ever? Well, then it's not clear how important it is. Right? I mean, and so the financial math varies. And the very simple way to think of it is if you swap common equity for Bitcoin, it doesn't matter what the price is, it just matters what the, what the premium or what the relative valuations of the swap were when you enter in the transaction. If you swap preferred equity for Bitcoin, it somewhat matters whether Bitcoin appreciates over the course of 30 years. But there are scenarios where Bitcoin could appreciate less than 10% a year for 30 years and we would pay a 10% dividend and it's still profitable to the common equity because there are second order, third order and fourth order dynamics that people don't quite calculate. So in fact, we have 20, 30 years to be right when we're actually selling digital credit to buy Bitcoin. If you're selling corporate bonds or convertible bonds, well then the duration of those instruments is much shorter. Four years, three years, then you have to be right quicker. Right. And then of course, when you're taking margin loans, these are one month loans or one day loans or one minute loans. So the thing that most retail investors don't get is the only credit they have is margin credit, which is one minute credit. And if they're wrong, they're getting liquidated over the weekend. Right. Whereas the credit we're using, we could be wrong for 30 years. Now, Natalie, I could literally, I can paint you scenarios where we pay 10%, Bitcoin returns 8%, we're wrong for 30 years and it's still a good idea for the common stock. Okay. That people. It would take us a few hours, a totally different podcast, and it would take delving into the first order, second order, third order financial dynamics and the harmonics of the entire monetary network for me to explain that to you. But the truth is it doesn't matter what bitcoin does for the next hundred years if it's common equity and we've got a 10 to 30 year time frame for us to be right. If it's digital credit. Right. And we don't engage in the other types of debt. So it just doesn't matter. So that's why our average price doesn't make any real difference. What really matters a lot is the nature of the security swaps we're doing. There's a difference between selling a billion dollars of STRC which is a monthly variable rate, versus selling a billion dollars of STRF, which is 10% at par forever, versus selling a billion dollars of common equity. Right. They have different dynamics and the mathematics is more sophisticated than one can explain in a tweet. And I guarantee you no critic of any of this has ever thought through the second order consequences, much less the third, fourth, and fifth order harmonics.

B (103:28)

What we're doing, there were some people who were very concerned that bitcoin and the core developers were named in the Epstein files. People are very upset about the Epstein files. Was that a concern for you?

A (103:40)

It's not an issue.

B (103:42)

Why not?

A (103:42)

It's just, it's. It's just, I guess they were getting tired about the quantum FUD and they moved on to the Epstein fud.

B (103:51)

Yeah, I mean, in the mainstream media, they said it was Epstein trying to influence Bitcoin.

A (103:57)

Epstein might have used Apple phones and might have ordered something from Amazon, and he might have at some point used Linux and he might have funded a Democrat or Republican. And if Epstein was involved with the Democrat or Republican or Apple or Google, or if he ever did a Google search, it's like, okay, I'm keeping my Google stock. You know, if I'm a Democrat, you're still a Democrat. If you're a Republican, you're still a Republican. You know, he lived in America. Natalie, shall we all leave? Like, this kind of contagion is just colorful for engagement. But, you know, I know people that still live in New York, even though he lived in New York. And I know people that are still staying in America even though he's American. And the Republicans. Are Democrats going to keep their party affiliation. And Bitcoin is Bitcoin

B (104:52)

controlled.

A (104:53)

You can audit the code. Right. So it's the same reason, like, it doesn't matter who Satoshi was. You don't need to know. Satoshi, do you need to know who Prometheus was? You know, in order to decide not to set yourself on fire? Fire. You know, Prometheus doesn't matter. It's fire. It's chemical reaction. You know, you can study chemistry, you can figure it out. You can study thermodynamics. Bitcoin's a force of nature. Anybody can use it. There are people that I don't agree with that may have, you know, used it. There are people that I don't agree with who talk about it or use it or who came along before me, who will come along after me. And it's, you know, we're speaking the English language. There Are a lot of people that you disagree with that also spoke the English language. Natalie. Some of them even contributed words to the English language. Some of them even wrote books in the English language. Some of them were even English. And at the end of the day, it's a protocol. Just like, you know, fraudsters, right. Use Arabic numerals. Right. And criminals use English. And every movie's got a car chase in it. And sometimes you hope that the person gets away, and sometimes you hope they get caught. Right. And you're still using the car. And so I just think it's a distraction. We shouldn't get worked up over these things. We should stay laser, like, focused on the big picture. And since this is my last question, I'll return a laser like focus. Bitcoin's digital capital. It's a revolution in the capital markets. It's a profound, you know, once in humanity, innovation, it allows us to tightly bind economic energy to the human being or to the corporation to any entity. It's, you know, the ability to tightly bind economic energy to the individual is as profound as fire, electricity, or even the formation of fat in mammals. It's a fundamental building block of life, and it's just the basis of it. On top of that, we can create digital credit, like strc. We can create something better, digital money. You can create a bank account that pays you 8%. No volatility. Right. How many people have that? Nobody. How many people want it? Everybody. What's it worth collectively? You know, conservatively? $300 trillion. Okay, so there's $300 trillion of credit, and everybody's got garbage credit with no yield, with awful tax treatment, with massive risk, credit restoration risk, currency risk risk. Very difficult. So you have a world which is not served well by the 20th century Conventional finance assets and finance structures and finance ideologies and finance protocols. You have a new world, a digital world with digital protocols, digital assets, digital capital, digital credit, digital money. Is it going to solve all the problems? No. There's going to be a lot of problems in the world that we're not solving with digital money. Digital credit and digital capital. However, walk down the street and ask a hundred people whether or not they'd like more money. Every one of them is going to say, I'd like more money. So there's an obvious, you know, unequivocally utilitarian opportunity for us here. It's straightforward. The money's not going to fix itself. Right? The money is not going to fix itself. Bitcoin was capital. You have to build credit on top of it, you're going to have to build money. On top of the credit, you're going to have to go and market that. You're going to have to get regulators to approve it. You have to put it in a ETF container, put it in a crypto token container, put it in a private fund, put it in a public fund, get the Japanese to approve it, get the Emiratis to approve it, get the American to approve it, get the Europeans to approve, approve it, fight with, you know, the Chinese regulators to approve it, the Australians to approve of the Canadians to approve it. Then people are going to stare at it and say, yeah, it looks too good to be true. I don't trust it. And then you're gonna have to explain why it's trustworthy, and then they're going to disagree with you and they're going to keep scorn on you. And then you're going to have to keep coming back because that's just the way the world is. And 30 years after this podcast, everybody will go like, oh, yeah, digital money, of course, of course we want that. Do you like electricity? Yeah. Do you like cars? Yeah. Do you like fire? Yeah. Do you like antibiotics? Sure. You do, right? Do you like television or radio? Yeah. How about airplanes? Sure. Was there a time when all of these things were in disrepute and created incredible fear, uncertainty and doubt, every one of them? Right. And this is just the latest technology transformation. It's coming. As William Gibson said, the future is already here. It's just not evenly distributed. In 30 years, it'll be consensus. But you know what? You won't have a job and I won't have a job because it'll be uninteresting, because everyone will have embraced it. Like water, electricity, fire. It's like, yeah, of course. Right? There's no opportunity. Once everybody agrees with you, it's not interesting. When everybody agrees with you. They don't interview people to ask whether or not your company is going to be installing running water in the new corporate headquarters. Do they now? No. So I think we're very fortunate to live in interesting times and have an interesting opportunity. And onward and upward.

B (111:05)

Well, that was very well said. I love when you call it a protocol for prosperity. And if it's not going to zero, it's going to a million. Right. Thank you so much, Michael. It's been great to chat with you.

A (111:16)

Anytime.

B (111:17)

Thank you so much for checking out this episode of Coin Stories. Make sure you're subscribed to the show so you don't miss any new episodes. If you can turn on those notifications and leave us a positive review, they really help the show grow organically with new listeners. We have a free weekly newsletter. You can sign up atthe newsletter block.substack.com this show is for educational and entertainment purposes only. Nothing should constitute as financial investment advice, and you should always do your own research. I'm always open to feedback and guest suggestions, so please feel free to reach my team@infoalkingbitcoin.com I'll see you next time.