The For Kidneys Sake podcast series is brought to you by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and North West London Integrated Care Board (NWL NHS)

In this reflective re-release episode, Dr Andrew Frankel and Prof Jeremy Levy revisit one of the podcast’s most practical and enduring topics: low-level albuminuria and the interpretation of urine ACR testing in primary care. As the podcast prepares for a new series, the team looks back on the importance of recognising albuminuria as an early marker of both kidney and cardiovascular disease, and why confident interpretation of these results remains essential for clinicians managing patients with CKD risk factors.

Andrew and Jeremy reflect on the clinical uncertainty that can arise from mildly abnormal ACR results and offer reassuring, pragmatic guidance on what these numbers really mean. They revisit the A1–A3 categories, discuss when repeat testing is appropriate, explain the difference between ACR and PCR, and emphasise that low-level abnormalities are rarely an emergency. The episode also highlights how albuminuria can be present even when eGFR remains normal, reinforcing the value of early testing and longitudinal monitoring in primary care.

5 Key Takeaways

Albuminuria remains an important early marker of kidney and cardiovascular disease risk.
Mildly raised ACR results should usually be repeated before making long-term clinical decisions.
Nephrotic-range proteinuria is typically far higher than the low-level abnormalities commonly seen in primary care.
Patients can have a normal eGFR while still showing early kidney damage through an abnormal ACR.
A practical, consistent approach to ACR testing helps support earlier identification and better management of CKD risk.

Resource Links:
NICE GUIDELINES [NG203] chronic kidney disease: assessment and management Overview | Chronic kidney disease: assessment and management | Guidance | NICE

Northwest London CKD guidelines for primary care Chronic kidney disease (nwlondonicb.nhs.uk)

The purpose of this podcast is to inform and educate health care professionals working in the primary care and community setting. The content is evidence based and consistent with NICE guidelines and North West Guidelines available at the time of publication.

The content of this podcast does not constitute medical advice and it is not intended to function as a substitute for a healthcare practitioner’s judgement.

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