Gone Medieval: Queen Isabella – The She-Wolf of France

Episode Release Date: March 11, 2025
Host: Matt Lewis & Dr. Eleanor Janega
Guest: Catherine Warner, Historian and Author of "Isabella of the Rebel Queen"

Introduction to Queen Isabella

In this episode of Gone Medieval, Matt Lewis and Dr. Eleanor Janega delve into the tumultuous life of Queen Isabella of France, exploring her influential role during the reign of Edward II of England. Catherine Warner joins the discussion, bringing expert insights into Isabella's complex character and political maneuvers.

Isabella’s Royal Lineage and Marriage

Queen Isabella, often dubbed the "She-Wolf of France," hailed from a prestigious lineage as the daughter of Philip IV of France and the queen regnant of Navarre. Betrothed to Edward II at the tender age of three to secure peace between England and France, Isabella was thrust into a world of political intrigue and royal responsibilities.

Notable Quote:
Matt Lewis reflects on Isabella’s status:
"She was born to power, she was born to influence... betrothed to end a war between two kingdoms." ([07:30])

Early Influence and Mediation

Isabella arrived in England at twelve, where she quickly established herself as more than just a ceremonial queen. Historical records indicate that she wielded significant influence, mediating between Edward and the barons, and even negotiating land deals and pardons at her husband's behest.

Notable Quote:
Dr. Eleanor Janega highlights Isabella's role:
"Isabella was practicing her role as a mediator with her husband, which was expected of a queen at the time." ([09:48])

Challenges in the Marriage and Court

Edward II’s favoritism toward Piers Gaveston initially strained relations at court, but Isabella managed to navigate these early challenges effectively. However, the situation deteriorated with his subsequent favoritism toward Hugh Despenser the Younger, exacerbating tensions with the nobility and Isabella alike.

Notable Quote:
Matt Lewis describes the progression of favoritism:
"Edward became absolutely besotted with Dispenser and to the point where he started doing absolutely everything that Hugh wanted him to do." ([37:32])

Isabella’s Political Acumen and the Tour de Nesle Affair

During her time in France, Isabella uncovered and exposed the Tour de Nesle Affair, where two of her sisters-in-law were implicated in adulterous affairs. Her decisive action led to the harsh punishment of the involved parties, underscoring her commitment to royal legitimacy and political stability.

Notable Quote:
Matt Lewis explains the scandal:
"They were women, they were going to bear the future kings of France. So for them, of course, it was strictly forbidden to have lovers in case they might foist a non-royal child on the throne." ([26:50])

The Great Famine and Increased Turmoil

The Great Famine of 1315-1317 further destabilized Edward II’s reign, with Isabella striving to maintain unity and support despite widespread starvation and economic hardship. Her efforts reflected her dedication to her husband's reign, even as public sentiment turned against Edward.

Notable Quote:
Matt Lewis discusses Isabella’s resilience:
"She was obviously trying to deal with the situation and to help Edward out." ([18:48])

Alliance with Roger Mortimer and the Overthrow of Edward II

Isabella’s alliance with Roger Mortimer marked a turning point. Together, they orchestrated an invasion that swiftly undermined Edward II’s authority. By September 1326, Edward was captured, Despenser executed, and Isabella’s son, Edward III, was installed as king with Isabella acting as regent.

Notable Quote:
Matt Lewis narrates the coup:
"Isabella and Roger Mortimer's invasion force arrived in England in September 1326... Edward ended up having to... flee to Wales." ([55:56])

Regency and the Struggles of Power

As regent, Isabella navigated the complexities of ruling alongside Mortimer. Their administration faced constant rebellions and growing resentment, mirroring the previous turmoil under Edward II’s reign. Isabella’s attempts to stabilize the kingdom were often overshadowed by Mortimer’s ambition, leading to widespread dissatisfaction.

Notable Quote:
Dr. Eleanor Janega critiques their rule:
"We are in almost a state of civil war by that time... there's just this kind of bubbling resentment towards Isabella and certainly Mortimer." ([60:09])

Downfall and Legacy

The eventual downfall came when Edward III, now coming of age, led a coup against Isabella and Mortimer in October 1330. Mortimer was executed, and Isabella was confined to house arrest. Despite her earlier successes, her legacy is a mix of political prowess and the pitfalls of wielding power in a male-dominated society.

Notable Quote:
Matt Lewis summarizes her end:
"Edward III... launched a coup against Isabella and Mortimer... Roger Mortimer was imprisoned and then executed." ([65:35])

Conclusion: A Complex Historical Figure

Queen Isabella's life story is a testament to her resilience and strategic mind in a period marked by chaos and conflict. Despite facing immense challenges, her influence reshaped the course of English history, illustrating the significant, albeit often contentious, role women could play in medieval politics.

Notable Quote:
Dr. Eleanor Janega closes the discussion:
"Look, let women be complex, too. We stan a messy queen. We absolutely love all of this." ([69:46])

Final Thoughts

Queen Isabella's journey from a young princess to the regent of England encapsulates the intricate dance of power, politics, and personal ambition in the Middle Ages. Her ability to navigate and influence a male-dominated court underscores her significance in history, making her a truly formidable figure worthy of in-depth exploration.

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