Podcast
Hanging with History
Hosted by Harald Hansen · EN
The first season focuses on the origins of the Industrial Revolution or the Great Enrichment, we go deep into history to gain enough background knowledge to actually understand the various theories of the origins of the Great Enrichment. Eventually we learn that we also need to know how the miracle was consolidated, as the many other close approaches to the Industrial Revolution failed.A kwirky style, but intellectually ambitious with the goal of understanding history well enough to understand the miracle that happened that one time. It's gonna be a long series.
22episodes
Episodes
Newest firstAll episodes
213 Latin American Independence
1w ago00:42:20Tap to summarizeYou can send a text, include contact info to get a response. More focus on Mexico and California than is ideal, but there is a general overview of Spanish America.Spanish America, more than anywhere else, shows us the global ramifications of the Napoleonic Wars. “The crisis and collapse of Spain’s empire was the direct result of political turmoil in Europe. During the Napoleonic wars this vast empire got fragmented, was henceforth relegated to the sidelines of world politics.” It’s a big deal. Spanish America was important to the world and world politics. The disparate countries of Latin America stopped mattering after independence when they are separate things rather than a huge mass. This is sort of a harsh, brutal truth, This was partly because of the Monroe doctrine, Thou Shalt Not Interfere in the Western Hemisphere lest thou tempt the wrath of God, and British policy also was to keep other Europeans out, more practically by means of controlling the seas, and giving a firm no to plans from the Spanish and Russians for interference from non Spanish forces.
Transcribe →212. Boring Administrative History; HR
3w ago00:40:29Tap to summarizeYou can send a text, include contact info to get a response. The challenges to recruiting enough men for service in the Royal Navy and the Army and Militia were formidable. It is revealed that the War of 1812 was really one war too many for Britain. The necessity to supply seamen for the new North American Lake service meant that the Royal Navy did not have enough men to staff the newly produced ships. The Mediterranean command and the North American commands were both screaming or more ships. The Army had its challenges as well. Losses exceeded new recruits from standard methods every year, but 1807. Special efforts were required.The Militia had its own challenges, needing to put down the Luddite Riots 1811-1813.
Transcribe →211. Boring Administrative History; Smuggling and Moving Money
Apr 2900:30:09Tap to summarizeYou can send a text, include contact info to get a response. The trade war between Britain and Napoleon reached a new level in 1807. British merchants were desperate for new markets. The French were finding trouble, customs dues fell 80% despite the new Rhine river trade. We've already talked a great deal about how the Russian economy was pushed to the brink.Smuggling was the response. The British smuggled into the Mediterranean via Malta, and into North Germany through Heligoland. I'll tell you what percent of smuggled British goods were seized by the French officials, you will not believe it.But the French kicked off an organized smuggling campaign as well, involving 6 different government departments, requiring a lot of paperwork. But under the cover of all this smuggling, quite secretly, banking was taking place.
Transcribe →210 Boring Administrative History; Finance and Taxation
Apr 1500:36:57Tap to summarizeYou can send a text, include contact info to get a response. The wars from 1793 to 1815 included expenditure of 830 million pounds for Army Navy and Ordinance, mainly the Navy. Another 65 million pounds was spent on subsidies to allies. Looking at a total of 895 million, probably with secret funds we are over 900 million pounds. To do all this spending 578 million was added to the national debtThis was unprecedented, nobody knew how deep capital markets were or potentially were. No clue, they had never been tested like this before. Would people continue to be able to buy our debt? What if we also taxed them very high, higher than they had ever been taxed before?These were real live questions people in Westminster and the City were asking.What people didn’t really understand is that while Napoleon commanded the people and farms of most of Europe, Britain actually commanded most of its money, present and future, I’ll explain how that worked this episode.
Transcribe →209 Boring Administrative History; Industry
Apr 800:46:17Tap to summarizeYou can send a text, include contact info to get a response. “The removal of soil, earth or rubbish, the conveyance of stones, sand or lime, everything is done by little four wheel carts drawn by a single horse on iron railways.. the advantage they represent is immense. England owes to them part of her wealth. Never without THEM could coal, iron ore, lime stone, slate and other raw materials have been conveyed such distances and nevertheless at a very trifling cost.”We spend most of our time on the defense industries. What is revealed is that across a large number of domains the British are world leaders or nearly so. So much so, that one would not expect this to be possible. There must be an unknown variable explaining the phenomena of British superiority.
Transcribe →The Ending of Corruption; Boring Administrative History
Apr 100:47:39Tap to summarizeYou can send a text, include contact info to get a response. We have a real example of a cultural change brought about by the pressures of war. The great weapon of war against corruption is accounting and auditing. But first attitudes must change. We see various forms of corruption becoming less and less tolerated, as by an unconscious process every form of corruption is tainted by association with the worst of them.We’ve been covering the end of corruption in numerous episodes from Shelburne to Pitt, with Burke, with Middleton’s efforts in the dockyards in the Chips Anyone? episode and then Jervis’s crazy attitudes in the naval episodes.Now we’ll look at some of the specific mechanisms with which these forms of corruption are tackled. There are crazy figures, for example the total value of unaudited accounts in 1807 is equal to the value of the entire national debt.I identify three kinds of corruption. First there is the kind that can’t ever go away, though controls and sunlight can reduce it greatly. This I will name Fraud, where contracts are violated and/or payments are made without contracts at all, and where government funds are used for private purposes. Then there is traditional corruption, of the sort when clerks accept tips to perform tasks outside their usual work. 3rd is official corruption, sinecures and emoluments wielded by government to secure votes, but also for other purposes.
Transcribe →Boring Administrative History; Intelligence and Communication
Mar 2500:25:29Tap to summarizeYou can send a text, include contact info to get a response. Before the 1807 attack on Denmark, Napoleon gave an ultimatum to Denmark, to Talleyrand’s horror btw. The ultimatum was for Denmark to turn over their fleet. But before the deadline for the French ultimatum passed the British invaded, which obviously required months of preparation beforehand. The British, warned by intelligence, that was remarkably accurate, were able to act. The question of whether it was the wisest action is a separate question.While focusing on intelligence around the French Navy, the episode covers the Post Office packet system and the King's Messengers, the problems Napoleon had with subordinates lying to him, or telling him what he wanted to hear and the problems of intelligence in faraway waters.There are a couple insights you might not otherwise hear. 1) That British intelligence within Napoleon's realm was so successful that it was also confused by the lies generated within the Napoleonic system.2) The failed Pichegru plot could be said to have worked for Britain, by kicking off the War of the 3rd Coalition and Napoleon's Glory Years, the threat of invasion was lifted for Britain at the price of French dominance over Central Europe.
Transcribe →India, China, Japan, Vietnam and Muscat in the Napoleonic Wars
Mar 1101:00:32Tap to summarizeYou can send a text, include contact info to get a response. You probably know that by the middle of the 19th century, the British dominated India. The British introduced railroads and electricity, public health and infrastructure, and a population boom began. By the end Victoria became the Empress. But before the French Revolution the British footprint in India was relatively small. It was during the revolutionary wars and the Napoleonic wars that British control and domination greatly expanded, from early footholds in Bengal and Madras.The China trade was responsible of one six of British state revenue during this period so it was of vital importance. Also, tea had an interesting property, the people who drank it did not need to dedicate so much grain to small beer production, allowing tea to change the supply and demand equation for grain, during a critical period.There is also the argument that the Chinese authorities contributed to the opium trade by not allowing any legal trade. The drain of silver into the immensity of China is a problem that was going to be solved, whenever the right product was found.The Tokugawa were prompted to make serious reforms by embarrassments caused by young Pellew and the Russian under Rezanhov.The Vietnam story of Gia Long and Bishop Pigneau is probably the most interesting.Oman and Muscat reinforce the idea of the struggle between imperialism and the pursuit of profits for the East India company. imperialism is expensive. The company lost money, and doubled its debt during one of the periods we are discussing.
Transcribe →Ottoman Empire; The Sick Man of Europe
Feb 2500:41:32Tap to summarizeYou can send a text, include contact info to get a response. For the Ottoman empire the French Revolution to Waterloo have a definte arc, and it isn’t pretty, and there is some coverage up to the Crimean War.The start of the Revolution coincides with the Rule of Selim 3rd in 1789. And he was a reformer as was his father, he was raised to appreciate the West. The end of this period will see the 2nd Serbian Revolution, which will end with limited autonomy for Serbia, and the subsequent political fragmentation of the Ottoman empire. The Ottoman empire is not a state like any other in Europe. It’s not merely that it is ruled by Moslems. It is also has a traditional culture. Traditional in this case can be heard as code for backward. And it is true the Ottoman Empire was far from the Technological frontier. And the institutional frontier. It surprising because like many traditional societies it had been at or near the frontier in the past.
Transcribe →Qajari Persia; the Origins of the Great Game
Feb 1100:41:32Tap to summarizeYou can send a text, include contact info to get a response. A scientific expedition, led by Jean Bruguière and Guillaume Olivier. Now they truly were scientists, but they were also diplomats secretly working for France. Jean was an expert on molluscs, snails, shellfish and barnacles. He is credited with the discovery of 34 species of the same including a chiton named after Spinoza. Olivier, by contrast, was a brilliant spy and diplomat, credited with toppling several middle eastern governments. No, he was rather an expert on beetles, also a discoverer of new species, and a discoverer of new species of lizards as well.So, of course, you would expect great interest from a warrior from the central Asian steppes, this warrior would be following the progress of invertebrate science very closely. Well, no, but what did the people of the middle east and the subcontinent and the far east know about Europe and the wider world? They were not travelers. They lived in almost impossible to understand (for us) ignorance about the wider world and their place in it. For this 3 episode arc about the wider world in the Napoleonic Wars, the general fact of illiteracy and innumeracy, and lack of knowledge about the wider world will be an issue we run into again and again.
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