History Daily Podcast Summary
Episode: The Civil War Battle of Missionary Ridge
Release Date: November 25, 2024
Host: Lindsay Graham
Produced by: Airship, Noiser, Wondery

Introduction and General Grant’s Predicament

November 25, 1863

On this day in 1863, the Battle of Missionary Ridge marked a pivotal moment in the American Civil War. The episode opens by setting the scene in September 1863, where General Ulysses S. Grant, a seasoned cavalry commander, faces a significant personal and professional challenge. After being honored in Carrollton and receiving an untamed horse, Grant suffers a severe accident that leaves him bedridden with leg and hip injuries. This incident sparks rumors regarding Grant's struggle with alcohol, casting doubts on his leadership abilities.

Narrator [00:20]:
"Stories like these contribute to the idea that Grant's relationship with alcohol makes him an unfit leader."

Reappointment and Leadership Challenges

October 1863

A month after his accident, despite the swirling rumors, Grant is called upon to take command amidst a deteriorating war situation. Confederate forces under General Braxton Bragg push Union forces back in Tennessee, specifically targeting Chattanooga. Grant receives orders to oversee the reallocation of troops to defend the strategically vital city.

Narrator [04:18]:
"General Grant is flattered and surprised. But Stanton has even more news. He and Lincoln are dissatisfied with William Rosecrans, the general who led the army of the Cumberland to a crushing defeat at Chickamauga Creek."

Upon arriving in Louisville, Grant meets Secretary of War Edwin Stanton, who informs him of the dire situation in Chattanooga and the need to consolidate Union forces into the Military Division of the Mississippi. Grant's humility is evident as he initially hesitates to replace his friend, General Rosecrans, demonstrating his dedication to both personal loyalty and military necessity.

Conflict with General Thomas and Battle Preparations

Late October 1863

In Chattanooga's military headquarters, tensions surface between Grant and General George Thomas, who has been appointed to replace Rosecrans. The strained relationship underscores the personal and professional challenges Grant faces. Despite the discomfort, Grant remains focused on the mission to relieve Chattanooga.

Narrator [12:39]:
"Grant is here to save Thomas and his men and to hold Chattanooga. Grant intends to do it with or without Thomas' support."

As winter approaches, Grant strategizes to secure a reliable supply route for the besieged Union troops. He successfully opens a pontoon bridge, ensuring Union soldiers are well-fed and equipped, and reinforces his army with additional troops led by Generals Hooker and Sherman, bringing the total to approximately 80,000 men.

The Battle of Missionary Ridge

Mid to Late November 1863

Grant's strategic acumen is put to the test at Orchard Knob, where he oversees the positioning of his forces against the entrenched Confederate positions on Missionary Ridge. Despite initial setbacks, including delays caused by Confederate resistance and logistical challenges, Grant's determination does not waver.

Narrator [18:55]:
"With this victory at the Battle of Missionary Ridge, General Grant breaks the siege of Chattanooga and the spirit of the enemy."

Despite setbacks, Grant successfully directs a multi-pronged assault that ultimately overwhelms Confederate defenses. General Thomas, initially hesitant, receives a direct order from Grant to advance, leading to a decisive Union victory. The fall of Missionary Ridge not only lifts the siege of Chattanooga but also significantly boosts Union morale and solidifies Grant's reputation as a formidable military leader.

Conclusion and Impact on Grant’s Legacy

The triumph at Missionary Ridge effectively dispels doubts about Grant's leadership and personal struggles. Recognizing his invaluable contributions, President Abraham Lincoln elevates Grant to the rank of Lieutenant General, placing him at the head of all Union armies—a position of unprecedented authority since George Washington.

Narrator [18:55]:
"President Lincoln elevates Grant to the rank of lieutenant general, making him the commander in chief of the armies of the United States."

This promotion cements Grant's legacy as a key figure in the Union's ultimate victory and paves the way for his future role in shaping post-war America.

Notable Quotes:

• Narrator [00:20]:
  "Stories like these contribute to the idea that Grant's relationship with alcohol makes him an unfit leader."

• Narrator [04:18]:
  "General Grant is flattered and surprised. But Stanton has even more news."

• Narrator [12:39]:
  "Grant is here to save Thomas and his men and to hold Chattanooga. Grant intends to do it with or without Thomas' support."

• Narrator [18:55]:
  "With this victory at the Battle of Missionary Ridge, General Grant breaks the siege of Chattanooga and the spirit of the enemy."

• Narrator [18:55]:
  "President Lincoln elevates Grant to the rank of lieutenant general, making him the commander in chief of the armies of the United States."

This episode of History Daily vividly recounts the challenges and triumphs of General Ulysses S. Grant during a critical juncture of the Civil War. Through engaging storytelling and detailed historical analysis, Lindsay Graham brings to life the events that not only shaped the outcome of the war but also defined Grant's enduring legacy as a leader.