History Daily: The Premiere of the Wizard of Oz – Episode Summary

Release Date: August 15, 2025

Introduction: A Rocky Start to an Iconic Production

The episode opens on a tense night in October 1938, introducing listeners to a critical moment in Hollywood history. Host Lindsey Graham sets the stage by recounting the dire situation of actor Buddy Ebsen, who was initially cast as the Tin Man in "The Wizard of Oz." Just two weeks into filming, Buddy experiences severe health issues due to the pure aluminum dust in his makeup, leading to a near-death experience.

Lindsey Graham [00:00]: "At age 30, Buddy is normally strong and healthy, but right now he feels like he's dying and he has no idea why."

This incident not only jeopardizes Buddy's role but also foreshadows a series of production challenges that MGM must navigate to bring the beloved story to the silver screen.

Securing the Rights: Mervyn Leroy's Ambitious Vision

Transitioning to October 1937, the narrative delves into MGM producer Mervyn Leroy's strategic maneuvering to acquire the film rights to L. Frank Baum's "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz." Facing skepticism from other producers due to his record-breaking salary, Mervyn leverages his knowledge of Technicolor to pitch an ambitious live-action adaptation.

Lindsey Graham [04:07]: "Mervyn argues that the fantastical world of Oz would be perfect to show off a new innovation in live action moviemaking. Technicolor film."

Mervyn's assertive tactics, including highlighting competition from Disney, culminate in MGM securing the rights for $75,000. This victory sets the foundation for what would become one of cinema's most enduring classics.

Production Challenges: Casting, Accidents, and Judy Garland's Struggles

As production ramps up, the set of "The Wizard of Oz" is fraught with obstacles. Initial casting mishaps arise when Buddy Ebsen's health crisis forces MGM to recast the Tin Man role, ultimately landing Jack Haley in the iconic silver suit. Moreover, director changes and on-set accidents, including Margaret Hamilton's (the Wicked Witch) injuries, amplify the tension.

Lindsey Graham [10:51]: "Production of the movie has been hit by disaster after disaster."

Amidst this chaos, young Judy Garland faces immense pressure in her first major leading role as Dorothy. Strict diet regimens, anxiety-inducing medications, and relentless scrutiny of her performance strain her spirit. However, a pivotal moment occurs when Judy delivers a breathtaking rendition of "Over the Rainbow," transforming her fears into a spellbinding performance that revitalizes the project's momentum.

Lindsey Graham [10:51]: "As she takes her place next to a haystack on a set dressed as rural Kansas... the crew is dumbstruck by the depth and beauty of Judy's voice."

This breakthrough not only cements Judy Garland's place in Hollywood but also signals a turning point for the beleaguered production.

Premiere Night: Mixed Reviews and Lasting Legacy

August 15, 1939, marks the highly anticipated premiere of "The Wizard of Oz" at Grauman's Chinese Theater. Mervyn Leroy attends the event, eagerly observing audience reactions from the balcony. Initial responses are enthusiastic, leading to a strong opening at the U.S. box office. However, the film's longevity is initially muted by mixed critical reviews and disappointing ticket sales following the premiere.

Lindsey Graham [16:07]: "One critic even describes cringing at the movie and remarks that it shows no trace of imagination, good taste or ingenuity."

Despite its modest initial financial performance and overshadowing by contemporaries like "Gone with the Wind," "The Wizard of Oz" eventually gains monumental popularity. The 1956 CBS television broadcast captivates over 50 million viewers, cementing its status as the most-watched television movie of the 20th century and ensuring its place in cinematic history.

Lindsey Graham [16:07]: "It will become the most watched television movie of the 20th century. Generation after generation fall in love with the story long after its Los Angeles premiere."

Conclusion: Overcoming Adversity to Create a Classic

Throughout "The Premiere of the Wizard of Oz" episode, Lindsey Graham masterfully weaves a tale of ambition, resilience, and the transformative power of artistry. From overcoming significant production hurdles to achieving unparalleled legacy, the story of "The Wizard of Oz" serves as a testament to the enduring magic of storytelling and collaboration in filmmaking.

Notable Quotes:

• Lindsey Graham [00:00]: "Buddy winces as he holds his hands out to her. They're trembling and curled into tight fists."

• Lindsey Graham [04:07]: "The children's novel the Wonderful wizard of Oz... its outlandish characters were difficult to dramatize and most of his productions were failures."

• Lindsey Graham [10:51]: "He's on a strict diet, monitoring her meals and encouraging her to take only black coffee and cigarettes on set."

• Lindsey Graham [16:07]: "Thanks to Judy's spellbinding performance as Dorothy, the movie finally starts to come together."

This comprehensive summary encapsulates the pivotal moments, struggles, and eventual triumph surrounding the premiere of "The Wizard of Oz," offering listeners a vivid glimpse into the making of an iconic film.