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This month, Americans have witnessed Renee Goode and Alex Priddy being martyred in a wave of terror unleashed against immigrants. Back up, back up. The country has clearly been moved by their deaths. To the people of Minneapolis, to the Preddy family and the good family and these people who were looking out for their neighbors, we want you to know that we are with you and you are not alone. And even the Trump administration seems to have been shaken by the public's reaction. We need to unify. I'm calling for unity. Americans across the board are realizing the significance of these murders. How would you describe just the way as a Minneapolis resident that you're feeling right now? Can I describe it not as a Minneapolis resident, but as an American citizen? Thank you. And it may well be a turning point in the attempt to stop the purges now underway. This is so far beyond what people at home probably are watching going, oh, it's Minneapolis. It's woke Hoth. It doesn't affect me. Whatever it does, it's you. The public executions on the street were shocking in and of themselves. We're joined by Minnesota Attorney General Keith Ellison, happening in a matter of minutes. He was shot down in the streets of Minneapolis, or even seconds, trying to defend a woman who was thrown to the ground by ICE agents. And the Minnesotans whose lives were lost weren't even the first to be shot in recent weeks by ICE or Border Patrol. They brought Bavino here because he was known to be mean and violent and hateful and would make his members act that way. Keith Porter Jr. Was killed on New Year's Eve in Los Angeles by an off duty ice officer. Leaving 35 years. This is the first time that such a thing ever happened in my community. Some reports suggest that Porter, or those he was with that night fired shots in the air in celebration. An unfortunate but common New Year's Eve tradition that off duty ICE agent accused of a deadly New Year's Eve shooting in the San Fernando Valley is now facing shocking allegations of abuse and using hateful remarks. According to a new LA Times report, the agent claimed gunfire had been exchanged, but a lawyer for the family said that no evidence of this had been produced by the government. The attorney today, though, for the family wanting to know from ice, is this individual still patrolling the community with an ICE uniform? While outrage over Porter's death did follow in Los Angeles, and he also wants to know was there ever any background check to allow this man to carry a firearm? It didn't rise to the same level of national reaction seen in the wake of the Two officer killings in Minneapolis that have happened since just yesterday. We saw 15,000 people peacefully protesting in the streets, speaking out, standing up for their neighbors. Not a single broken window, not a single injury. And that might be because Porter was black. Janae Tyler is the cousin of Keith Porter, Jr. She is the parent and family organizer for Students Deserve, and she's a Black Lives Matter Los Angeles member, as well as the lack of any video recording the officer shooting him. Everyone in that complex has said that they loved him, that he was, you know, even amazing towards them. He had only been there for 11 months, and they knew everything about Keith, but they knew nothing about his murderer. His cousin told the Guardian that as an organizer, I never thought I would be standing here for one of my family members. They stole Keith from us. Make no mistake. As far as the family is concerned, this man is a murderer. The family has asked for help to force accountability from the officer and to bring some kind of justice. Porter's mother, Franciola Armstrong, spoke at a vigil this weekend. From day one that he was born, I knew he was my joy. Porter, like Renee Goode, was a parent. The most important thing to him was his children and his family. And stories about his death mentioned his help with kids in the foster system and his work for TIME as an aide to kids with special needs. My son the biggest heart, Sympathetic, appreciative. So much gratitude. When someone is killed by law enforcement of any kind, there's often a rush to try to show that they were good enough people that they deserved not to be shot. Do you agree with the assessment from some of your own officials that Alex Preddy is a domestic terrorist or an assassin? Well, I haven't heard that, but certainly shouldn't have been carrying a gun. Today I want to talk about how these murders of those seen as good tend to galvanize the public against state violence in helpful ways. This started as a pretext about immigration and the fraud, whatever. It's well beyond that now. It's into your Second Amendment, it's into your Fourth Amendment, it's into your Sixth Amendment. While also looking at why emphasizing the victim's innocence can be a trap. How long will you stay out here? So my balls get cold. When I wrote my global history of Concentration camps, it was a heavy burden of a book to write. We're joined by Andrea Pitzer, journalist and author. Her book has just been published. It's titled One Long A Global History of Concentration Camps. A key reason I decided to write it, as unqualified as I felt was because in the course of writing my prior book, I discovered that no one had written a comprehensive history of how and when concentration camps had come into the world. At the time, I realized that this was a phenomenon that went further back than the Nazi camps, and it went all the way back to the 1890s and how humanity had somehow managed to get to Auschwitz. Looking back from the vantage point of today, the idea of a developed nation bending all its modern might into the annihilation of a people is so huge still in this singular moment in history that it kind of obscures everything that came before and came after, let alone what happened to this kind of detention after the Nazis were defeated. But there's really a very long story that I think needs to be paid attention to, because these things don't rise out of nowhere. And so learning the warning signs, learning to pay attention, seeing how everything did unfold. So in my introduction to the book, never shall I forget that night, the first night in camp that turned my life into one long night, seven times sealed. Elie Wiesel I laid out some principles to define and make it possible for readers to recognize what a concentration camp even was. For the purposes of my research, I defined concentration camp as mass civilian detention without trial, usually on the basis of ethnicity, political identity, race, or some group characteristic along those lines. And I addressed the fact that there were edge cases that I just didn't have enough pages to be able to dive into, because the truth was, I had already far exceeded the word count that my publisher wanted from me. The concentration camp idea has roots in a lot of different things from around the world. I referenced some examples of things that might not start out as concentration camps, but can wind up effectively becoming them. In ancient China, imperial China, there were forced labor generally in service to the emperor, so not necessarily punitive, although the work could be very dangerous. I talked about refugee camps that continue for years and years. You also had forced labor in the Roman Empire, and there were many examples of punitive labor that functioned at different places and different times, in different societies, different ways. I talked about a criminal justice system in which law enforcement could be done so disproportionately to the population that being born into a certain racial or ethnic group would mean facing a significant risk of imprisonment not borne by other groups. But you don't really have this kind of mass detention of people until fairly late in history. And sometimes in those systems, though in theory, detainees are supposed to get a speedy and fair trial. I was a court watcher for Prince George's County Maryland for two and a half years. And what that means is, in my estimation, I have listened to about 4,000 bond hearings. They become mired in pretrial waiting. I'm going to talk to you about mothers being held in jail, pre trial, being separated from their babies. No idea when they will have their day in court or be free. These women are not flight risks or dangers to the community at all. But time and time again, these judges would give them these bails that they can't afford. And when it comes to the US Criminal justice system, there are parallels. But days go by and weeks go by and months go by, and they're still in there. One aspect that these two have in common is that questions of innocence and guilt become very warped. Any time in there is traumatic and you could die. Short of dying, you lose your job, you lose your housing, you lose your kids. So it's not just these mothers that suffer. It's their children. You take away the moms, they're the cornerstones of the family, the cornerstones of the community. Here's how I wrote about it in the book. Concentration camps house civilians rather than combatants. Though at many points From World War I to Guantanamo, Camp administrators have not always made an effort to distinguish between the two. Detainees are typically held because of their racial, political, religious or cultural identity, not because of any prosecutable offense. Though some states have remedied this flaw by making legal existence next to impossible. Which is not to say that all detainees are innocent of criminal actions against the government in any given system. Rather, the innocent and the guilty alike may be swept up without distinction or recourse. The acting director of ICE appears to be off the hook to appear before a judge in Minnesota this Friday. That is, after the agency released the undocumented immigrant at the center of a major court fight over the alleged due process failures. What does the phrase in that paragraph mean when it says legal existence is next to impossible? The judge in that case said the director needed to explain why the man was not given a bond hearing and why ICE was seemingly ignoring the judge's order. Concentration camp regimes and authoritarian states alike use existing legal systems to make it impossible to exist for members of the targeted population. Congresswoman Judy Chu says there are plenty undocumented immigrants currently in custody right now that deserve a bond here and now. She hopes more of those immigrants will get that. In Nazi Germany, this meant restrictions on Jewish residents. ICE is acting with impunity. They think they can get away with anything. They were stripped of citizenship, of the right to hold a wide range of jobs. These detainees are usually mystified. They don't know when the next time is that they will get to talk to a relative or to an attorney. They were forbidden to use public facilities like Main streets, public buildings, national memorials, theaters, and more. As the legal fight grows, immigrant detention is surging, ICE holding about 65,700 people by late 2025, the highest level ever recorded, according to Syracuse University. Living as a Jew in Nazi Germany, it became harder and harder to go through daily life without breaking laws, and nearly three quarters of those detained, about 73%, had no criminal conviction. In Myanmar, this meant stripping the Rohingya Muslims of their identity cards, rendering them unable to vote, tracking and limiting where they could live and their movements, even putting them in camps in South Africa under apartheid and in Jim Crow America. How the government classified your race, determined where you could live, whom you could marry, whether you could vote, and what public facilities you could use. What the Trump administration is doing now to make life similarly illegal for immigrants of all kinds, whether they're documented, undocumented, or have become US Citizens, is very similar. They are administratively fighting to keep citizenship from those in the process of applying for it. They are trying to take birthright citizenship away, despite it being enshrined in the Constitution. And they have unleashed tremendous and increasing violence toward the goal of ethnic cleansing. Meantime, back in St. Paul, law enforcement leaders expressed frustration with the federal agents in our area. According to those who've been caught up in the raids, anyone perceived as foreign is targeted. They say local officers have been racially profiled by those agents since Operation Metro Surge began, with a very broad emphasis on how they're perceived. For example, a Brooklyn park officer told her chief ICE agents boxed her in, demanded citizenship paperwork, knocked a phone out of her hand when she tried to record them, and pulled a gun on her before things calmed down when she identified herself as a police officer. Black and Asian people as whole groups have also faced detention and abuse, whether they were immigrants or not. These chiefs and Hennepin County Sheriff Dewana Witt did not want to call out fellow law enforcement. But they say the unconstitutional actions by federal agents are staining them, too. One solution for those who are less vulnerable, those whose lives are perceived by the dominant culture as more valuable or more innocent to stand up next to those who are targeted. Savannah Essek Fox and Emily Miller started Pink Poster Club. They hang flyers with information on civil rights and run a grassroots network of residents keeping tabs on ice. Most are moms. In some instances, they may belong to other classes who are simply less maligned at the moment. This was the case with the many American Jews who joined black Americans in the civil rights movement in the US in the middle of the 20th century. There's a level of privilege we have, we have comfortable lives here in Evanston. Like there is a safety that we have and that that privilege we can use to do some good. Married to a woman, Renee Good was a member of a targeted group as well. Jennifer Moriarty shows us the bruises on her arm, those she says she got while being detained. But in theory, one statistically less vulnerable to state violence than the people ICE or Border Patrol were hunting that day. That was a crowd of probably 70% women. And these men were out there pulling their guns and trying to mace people. They're afraid of communities who are on alert in other instances, as with Alex Priddy, the life of the person who allied himself with the ones the government was targeting for violence should have mattered most of all to that. Government sources tell CNN that Alex Preddy, the man who was fatally shot in Minneapolis last week, had an encounter with federal agents a week prior. As an American born gun toting white man who supported veterans at his work and seemed to be projecting his own strength and resolve, Preddy had stopped his car when he saw ICE agents chasing what he described as a family. They say that he began shouting and blowing his whistle. That's very much the model of what Stephen Miller claims to want for the country. He also had told the sources that he was tackled to the ground by five agents, one of whom leaned on his back and that encounter left him with broken rib. Once were saying that that day he quote, thought he was going to die. And yet pretty did the unthinkable New video appears to Show Alex Preddy 11 days before being fatally shot by federal immigration agents kicking a federal vehicle. Agents are seen tackling him to the ground and he walks away, a gun visible on his waistband. He made himself as vulnerable as the people that Stephen Miller wants to ethnically cleanse from the United States. It's you as well. Now wake up. Please watch what's happening here. I feel like we're performing CPR on what may already be a corpse called the Constitution. It's a good reminder that in the eyes of the government, innocence can only be maintained by supporting their violence and going along with their agenda. Yeah, there's plenty of people online laughing at us and going haha, try hards, but I think it's worth it and I hope you do too. And when people are killed because they refuse to support that violence or because they just happened to be in the middle of a road that ICE wanted to drive down, or because they were celebrating with friends on New Year's Eve. Let me emphasize that it is so important to talk about the beauty of their lives and how they lived them, to share that loss and to demand justice for the loss. For days, she's been called the woman in the pink coat, and she captured the crucial video showing exactly what happened when Alex was shot and killed by DHS officers. She had not come forward until today. And her name, which is being revealed for the first time, is Stella Carlson. Yet when people use the language that, oh, he shouldn't have been shot, he was completely innocent, meaning that he was a good person who lived a wholesome life, or that he just didn't happen to be attacking in that moment, it can be a dangerous step in another direction. I just feel called to be somebody, to show my face and represent that. We ask the ICE agents and all of the people in the streets who are infiltrating and making us unsafe to do the same thing. Only being able to mourn or demand justice for the purely innocent binds the public into a tighter and tighter trap that ultimately harms everyone. I think because of the protections that have been given to them, I don't think they have a reason to feel anything but confident about what they're doing and that they. That this is some type of video game. If the government can bend the laws or the judicial system's interpretation of them, it's possible to make it so that no one is innocent and no one has the right to demand justice for themselves or anyone else. And I knew he was gone because I watched it. And then they come over to try to perform some type of medical aid by ripping his clothes open with scissors and then maneuvering his body around like a rag doll, only to discover that it could be because they wanted to count the bullet wounds to see how many they got. Like he's a deer. Along with those three non immigrants shot in the streets of our country in the last month, we have also learned of deaths inside detention facilities. Last year, a record 31 people died in ICE detention. And this year, within the first two weeks of the year, we'd already seen six deaths. One of them was Geraldo Lunas Campos. Scripps News investigative correspondent Patrick Terpstra is live in our D.C. newsroom. A Cuban immigrant who had been arrested in 2003 and convicted of sexual contact with a minor. According to ice, he became agitated in line for medication and started experiencing medical distress. That is what ICE told us on January 9th, several days after this death occurred, serving a year in prison before being released. But then I started getting phone calls from detainees inside Camp East Montana saying that was far from the whole story. He had since been convicted of attempting to sell a controlled substance and spent five years in prison and three years under supervised release, which ended almost a decade ago. Well, we just got a report out, the autopsy from the county of El Paso, and that autopsy saying that the manner of death here was a homicide. According to the medical examiner's report and to witnesses, Lunas Campos was choked to death by guards at Camp East Montana in Texas. Important also to note here that homicide does not mean murder. That this simply means that this death was caused by a person. But ICE and the Department of Homeland Security now changing its story a little bit. And while there's still a lot of information yet to come out, and we need to know more details about what group of people may have been involved and who ultimately is responsible, we can still talk about this killing in principle. We asked them today about that initial statement that this was medical distress. Now they're saying that Campos Lunas was trying to take his own life and that guards actually stepped in and intervened and in the course of doing so, that he had died. But I want to point out that that is not in the homicide report. Last summer, the Associated Press reported that the $1.2 billion contract to build and operate Camp East Montana was awarded to a private contractor. But I want to talk a little bit more about Camp East Montana. This particular facility is, for now, slated to become the largest detention facility in the United States. It really is more like a tent city out in the desert in El Paso. We were out there this summer and we talked to folks that are very concerned about this particular camp because it is run by an obscure company. Yet the company running it, Acquisition Logistics, had no listed experience running a correction facility and had never won a federal contract worth more than $16 million. They never answered our questions about what qualifications they might have to operate a detention center. We also know that there are a huge number of subcontractors working out there, including subcontractors with providing security. But the list has never been public. According to the Associated Press, the company also lacks a functioning website and lists its address as a modest house in suburban Virginia owned by a 77 year old retired Navy flight officer. That death should be getting the same kind of outrage, or even more, because it was done secretly in a detention camp where accountability will be that much harder to get. If they can break the law to kill Geraldo Lunas Campos, they can break the law to kill you. Of course, some people will portray this statement as lacking any common sense whatsoever and ask would you leave your children with a child molester? Of course not. I would argue that the government having the ability and the power to administer law has a higher standard of justice to uphold in terms of other people's rights than individual Americans personal decisions about who to let babysit their children. I have deliberately picked the death of Geraldo Lonas Campos because it's the one that people may find harder to care about. But morality and strategic thinking have to consider hard questions. Otherwise you are just living a life based on bias and whimsical. In addition, any country of 348 million people is going to have tens of millions of people who have committed crimes at some point. Immigrants of any kind commit less crime than non immigrant US Citizens. We have seen this again and again and those who do, many of them will have paid their debts according to the law and will have been released. They have rights too. My name is Satire Gandahari and I'm the advocacy director at Detention Watch Network. I would argue that those still imprisoned or detained also have rights. The violent attacks that we are seeing in our communities against our immigrant loved ones is connected to the immigration detention system. Working the details of all this out is an important part of how you do immigrant law and the criminal justice system. For nearly 30 years, we have been dedicated to exposing the horrors of immigration detention and the US There have long been laws in place to weigh these offenses and where and when they should lead to deportation, a system that is fundamentally inhumane, unnecessary and deadly. Lunas Campos was released from prison and lived in the US during all four years of the first Trump administration. I have serious questions about why he was detained. Now, those questions may have good answers, but in this administration it's currently impossible to believe anything said by the authorities. Right now, the United States is experiencing unprecedented expansion of the immigration detention system, which was already the largest detention system in the world. But even if we were to assume that the current effort to deport Lunas Campos is in good faith is justified, that deportation did not require the building of a detention camp as part of an expanding concentration camp regime. It did not require the creation of conditions in which violence and abuse became standard fare in those facilities. It did not require his murder or the deaths of the many other detainees that have happened in custody. The Trump administration is on a spending spree. And the number of people detained will skyrocket over the next three years if Congress doesn't cut their funding now. And if you're asking yourself, hey, this seems to have implications for more than just the immigrant terror currently capturing everybody's attention in Minneapolis, I would say, yes, it does. You cannot get to the state of horror we are in today without a long history of police violence in America being allowed and even admired on both sides of the aisle. A study a decade ago by a professor at the University of South Carolina found that half of all black men had been arrested by the age of 23. Even with the less likely presumption of guilt, nearly 40% of white men had likewise been arrested by that age. The system of real justice that we build for the country is going to have to account for the fact that we have created a nation in which tens of millions have been raised into a system geared to punish them. This is just part of the reason why it's critical to respond so strongly to this expansion of ICE and Border Patrol abuse and mistreatment as it moves into the general broader population. Without hard pushback now, the government will secure the ability to punish anyone they want, whenever they want. But the answer is not just to get better training for ICE and Border Patrol. I'll add right up front that nobody sane thinks today that the answer to abuses at Dachau was to give the guards more training. It also isn't just to respect the right of immigrants who are documented while allowing arbitrary mistreatment of the undocumented. I have the audacity to believe that peoples everywhere can have three meals a day for their bodies, education and culture for their minds. It's to insist on human rights for everyone and to create a system in which punishment is not the central and defining feature of government for huge sections of the population, and dignity, equality and freedom for their spirits. If you're still wondering how to take action, first and foremost do what so many people are doing now. Show up. Detention Watch Network has members across the US advocating to end immigration detention and supporting people who are cruelly held in these facilities across the country. For those who can be part of ICE patrols and observer networks, be present, plug into alert systems, make signs. These detention centers are ripe with terrible, abusive conditions, including inadequate medical care, inedible food, and racist abuse. Countless towns and cities already have concerned residents organized. But if you find your community doesn't have much in place, it's even more important for you to start now. Our community is not Cages Campaign supports and amplifies local community organizing to end ICE detention, while illuminating the dangers of the Trump administration's multi layered detention expansion plan. Harass your politicians Work with them on the local level to make it harder for ICE to get collaborative agreements, whether it's law enforcement or just getting rental space or buying buildings where ICE is using space it already controls. Target the vendors and contractors they work with and call on local authorities to block support and other contracts for those vendors. I think this is an important story and it'd be great to have more national media attention to it. On a state and national level, be quick to praise politicians who take even baby steps, but be just as quick to demand the next goal. The Trump administration really is trying to build Trump prison camps all over the country. If your representative denounces ICE's actions, then demand that they stop funding DHS. If they agree not to fund DHS, but only ask for simple reforms or training, press them to dismantle the agency instead. And if you look, you will find that people all over the country, including in very unexpected places, almost uniformly are pushing back. Everywhere they're trying to do it, and they're pushing back in diverse and interesting ways. Keep going. Get training as an observer. Last week, for example, it was Durant, Oklahoma. Local people there packed a meeting to say they don't want ICE turning a local warehouse into a giant prison. Find a community of people who are already engaged on this front. The local government in Durant, Oklahoma then passed a brand new ordinance that gives them the power to say no to such a facility. And don't let anyone tell you that murder is only murder if the victim was a saint. And that's it. Thanks for listening to Next comes what? Please share this with one person who's looking for ways to survive this mess. 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