Abnormal Pap? This episode covers the colposcopy and LEEP procedures from start to finish – why we do them (ASCCP guidelines), the histology and staining principles behind acetic acid and Lugol's iodine, what cervical dysplasia looks like through the colposcope, and how LEEP and cold-knife cone excisions differ. Show Outline: Why – ASCCP guidelines (there's an app!) Cervical Dysplasia – Caused by HPV. CIN I → CIN III is a progression. Risk factors: smoking, other STIs including HIV, immunodeficiency. Histology – Increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio in abnormal cells Staining Principles Acetic acid: higher N:C ratio cells reflect more light and appear white (acetowhite) Lugol's iodine: reacts with glycogen in normal squamous cells (appear dark); non-staining cells are abnormal Colposcopic Findings – Increased vascularity, punctations, mosaicism, surface contour changes LEEP – Stain the abnormality, know where the abnormal biopsy was taken. Single pass is ideal – tag a side f...